Journal
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
Volume 66, Issue -, Pages 15-22Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.03.006
Keywords
EBV; Immunotherapy; PD-L1; Gastric cancer; Viruses; Biomarker
Categories
Funding
- National Cancer Institute [P30CA014089]
- Gloria Borges WunderGlo Foundation-The Wunder Project
- Dhont Family Foundation
- San Pedro Peninsula Cancer Guild
- Daniel Butler Research Fund
- Call to Cure Fund
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Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) comprises approximately 10% of gastric carcinomas. Multiple factors contribute to tumorigenesis, including EBV driven hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes, inflammatory changes in gastric mucosa, host immune evasion by EBV and changes in cell cycle pathways. The unique molecular characteristics of EBVaGC, such as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) overexpression, highlight the potential for using EBV as a biomarker for response to immunotherapy. Few studies have reported benefit from immunotherapy in EBV positive cancers, and clinical trials investigating the impact of checkpoint inhibitors in EBVaGC are currently underway. This review provides the most recent updates on molecular pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical features and treatment advances pertaining to EBVaGC.
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