Article
Oncology
Tom L. Enright, Jacob S. Witt, Adam R. Burr, Poonam Yadav, Ticiana Leal, Andrew M. Baschnagel
Summary: The study demonstrated that combining stereotactic radiation (SRT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can improve overall survival, reduce distant brain failure, and decrease neurologic death in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xin Yan, Fanjie Qu, Yi Zhou
Summary: About 40% of NSCLC patients develop brain metastases, which have a high mortality rate. The management of brain metastases in NSCLC patients is a clinical challenge. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, has shown effectiveness in improving the prognosis of advanced NSCLC patients, including those with brain metastases. This review summarizes the mechanism and clinical research progress of immunotherapy in treating brain metastases in NSCLC patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennifer K. Matsui, Haley K. Perlow, Rohit K. Raj, Ansel P. Nalin, Eric J. Lehrer, Rupesh Kotecha, Daniel M. Trifiletti, Shearwood McClelland, Kari Kendra, Nicole Williams, Dwight H. Owen, Carolyn J. Presley, Evan M. Thomas, Sasha J. Beyer, Dukagjin M. Blakaj, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, Raju R. Raval, Joshua D. Palmer
Summary: Brain metastases are a devastating consequence of common primary cancers, with limited treatment options. While systemic chemotherapy has shown little benefit, targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise in recent years. Studies suggest a synergistic effect between radiotherapy and ICIs, with ongoing clinical trials assessing the benefits of combination therapy for patients with brain metastases.
Review
Oncology
Ranjan Pathak, Arya Amini, Addie Hill, Erminia Massarelli, Ravi Salgia
Summary: Immunotherapy has shown potential effectiveness in the treatment of brain metastases in lung cancer, but challenges remain, warranting further research into this area.
Article
Immunology
Lishui Niu, Xiang Li, Li Meng, Yingying Zhang, Xin Wan, Di Jing, Qin Zhou, Rongrong Zhou
Summary: Immunotherapy elicits strong anti-tumor responses for intracranial metastasis and may lead to intracranial necrosis. However, the mechanisms and management strategies need further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Likui Fang, Wuchen Zhao, Bo Ye, Da Chen
Summary: The combination therapy of anti-angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown promising potential in the management of brain metastases in NSCLC, but faces challenges and issues that need to be addressed.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Lizza E. L. Hendriks, Jordi Remon, Jessica Menis, Benjamin Besse
Summary: Brain metastases have a significant impact on the prognosis and quality of life of patients, with an increasing incidence and a more immune ignorant environment compared to primary tumors or extracranial metastases. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a promising therapeutic strategy for NSCLC patients with brain metastases, despite the challenges posed by different tumor microenvironments.
TRANSLATIONAL LUNG CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Guanqun Yang, Ligang Xing, Xiaorong Sun
Summary: Brain metastases have a negative impact on the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been used for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, but their value in patients with brain metastases is unclear. This study reviews the efficacy and adverse effects of ICIs monotherapy, as well as promising combination strategies with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and anti-angiogenic drugs, and summarizes the methods of patient selection and response assessment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ji Li, Min Wang, Shuhui Xu, Yuying Li, Jiatong Li, Jinming Yu, Hui Zhu
Summary: Brain metastases are becoming more common among NSCLC patients. Targeted therapy has shown ideal outcomes for patients with specific mutations, but wild-type patients have poor survival due to lack of effective treatments. ICIs have changed the management of NSCLC, but their efficacy in patients with brain metastases is still uncertain. Studies have suggested that ICIs may be effective in the central nervous system in select patients with high PD-L1 expression and low CNS disease burden.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuxi Wei, Yan Xu, Mengzhao Wang
Summary: Lung cancer has the highest risk of brain metastasis among all solid carcinomas. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown efficacy in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastasis, but the mechanisms underlying their activity in brain metastasis are not fully understood.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Sihan Li, Hongwei Zhang, Tingting Liu, Jun Chen, Jun Dang
Summary: The presence of asymptomatic and/or treated brain metastases did not significantly alter the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Patients with brain metastases were more likely to benefit from combination therapy with ICIs compared to monotherapy. Overall survival and progression-free survival were improved with ICIs compared to chemotherapy in both patient populations.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Yanning Wang, Qianning Zhang, Chuansheng Chen, Yuxuan Hu, Liyun Miao, Yujie Zhou
Summary: This study evaluated the relative efficacy of immunotherapy compared to standard systemic therapy in advanced lung cancer patients with and without brain metastases. Results showed a survival benefit of immunotherapy for both patients with and without brain metastases, but patients without brain metastases benefited more. Subgroup analyses also indicated that tumor type may affect the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with brain metastases.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Shujie Zhou, Fei Ren, Chaozhuo Li, Liyang Jiang, Xiangjiao Meng, Zhaoqin Huang
Summary: This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with anlotinib in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients with brain metastases (BMs). The results showed that this combination therapy had potent central nervous system (CNS) efficacy with tolerable toxicity.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuko Kubo, Kimiteru Ito, Yutaka Fujiwara, Tatsuya Yoshida, Masahiko Kusumoto
Summary: This case report highlights a rare occurrence of SAPHO syndrome mimicking bone metastases during treatment with pembrolizumab, emphasizing the importance for physicians to be vigilant about the possibility of SAPHO syndrome during immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Eric J. Lehrer, Atulya A. Khosla, Ahmad Ozair, Jason Gurewitz, Kenneth Bernstein, Douglas Kondziolka, Ajay Niranjan, Zhishuo Wei, L. Dade Lunsford, David Mathieu, Claire Trudel, Christopher P. Deibert, Timothy D. Malouff, Henry Ruiz-Garcia, Jennifer L. Peterson, Samir Patel, Phillip Bonney, Lindsay Hwang, Cheng Yu, Gabriel Zada, Piero Picozzi, Andrea Franzini, Luca Attuati, Rahul N. Prasad, Raju R. Raval, Joshua D. Palmer, Cheng-chia Lee, Huai-che Yang, Kareem R. Fakhoury, Chad G. Rusthoven, Daniel R. Dickstein, Jason P. Sheehan, Daniel M. Trifiletti, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia
Summary: This study found that the risk of radiation necrosis (RN) and symptomatic RN (SRN) increases with V12 Gy exceeding 10 cm3 in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases using single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). However, concurrent use of ICI and SRS does not appear to increase this risk.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alexander Drilon, Joshua C. Horan, Anupong Tangpeerachaikul, Benjamin Besse, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou, Shirish M. Gadgeel, D. Ross Camidge, Anthonie J. van der Wekken, Linh Nguyen-Phuong, Adam Acker, Clare Keddy, Katelyn S. Nicholson, Satoshi Yoda, Scot Mente, Yuting Sun, John R. Soglia, Nancy E. Kohl, James R. Porter, Matthew D. Shair, Viola Zhu, Monika A. Davare, Aaron N. Hata, Henry E. Pelish, Jessica J. Lin
Article
Oncology
Elie Rassy, Thomas Filleron, Alessandro Viansone, Magali Lacroix-Triki, Sofia Rivera, Isabelle Desmoulins, Daniel Serin, Jean Luc Canon, Mario Campone, Anthony Goncalves, Christelle Levy, Paul Cottu, Thierry Petit, Jean-Christophe Eymard, Marc Debled, Thomas Bachelot, Florence Dalenc, Lise Roca, Jerome Lemonnier, Suzette Delaloge, Barbara Pistilli
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of isolated local recurrences in women with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 breast cancer. The results showed that the cumulative incidence of isolated local recurrences increased steadily over a 10-year follow-up period and factors such as younger age, breast-conserving surgery, and adjuvant endocrine therapy were identified as independent risk factors.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Correction
Oncology
Thomas Grinda, Elie Rassy, Barbara Pistilli
CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Thomas Grinda, Elie Rassy, Barbara Pistilli
Summary: Antibody drug-conjugates (ADCs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, particularly in breast cancer. Two newly approved ADCs, trastuzumab deruxtecan and sacituzumab govitecan, have shown impressive improvements in overall survival, targeting different types of metastatic breast cancer. These advancements in ADC engineering have changed the way cancer is treated and are expected to continue expanding through the discovery of new targets and introduction of new ADC constructs and combinations.
CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beatrice Gadiel Mathew, Fine Aliyuda, Denis Taiwo, Kehinde Adekeye, Godwin Agada, Elisabet Sanchez, Aruni Ghose, Elie Rassy, Stergios Boussios
Summary: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a diverse group of tumors that cannot be identified at diagnosis, posing challenges in diagnosis and treatment. CUP is believed to have distinct genetic and phenotypic abnormalities, with regression or dormancy of the primary tumor, early systemic metastases, and therapy resistance. CUP accounts for 1-3% of malignancies and can be classified into prognostic subsets. The standard evaluation for CUP includes medical history, physical examination, histopathologic assessment, immunohistochemistry, and CT scan. Molecularly guided diagnostic strategies have not been successful so far. This review provides the latest information on CUP biology, molecular profiling, classification, diagnostic workup, and treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Haiyan Zeng, Fariba Tohidinezhad, Dirk K. M. De Ruysscher, Yves C. P. Willems, Juliette H. R. J. Degens, Vivian E. M. van van den Boogaart, Cordula Pitz, Francesco Cortiula, Lloyd Brandts, Lizza E. L. Hendriks, Alberto Traverso
Summary: Clinical risk factors, including age, NSCLC subtype, and GTVn, were identified as significant predictors for brain metastases (BM) development. Radiomics features measuring tumor heterogeneity were found to be the most relevant. The GTVn radiomics model showed the best performance in predicting BM.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Elie Rassy, Fabrice Andre
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Marco Tagliamento, Jordi Remon, David Planchard, Benjamin Besse
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christian A. Linares, Anjana Varghese, Aruni Ghose, Sayali D. Shinde, Sola Adeleke, Elisabet Sanchez, Matin Sheriff, Cyrus Chargari, Elie Rassy, Stergios Boussios
Summary: Gliomas are aggressive tumors originating from glial cells in the central nervous system. Glioblastomas, the most malignant form, have a poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in gliomas is heterogeneous and immunosuppressive, promoting immune evasion and tumor growth. Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, have shown promise in overcoming TME resistance and improving survival. However, there is a need to implement these therapies in a cost-effective and efficient manner to benefit glioma patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stergios Boussios, Perry Devo, Iain C. A. Goodall, Konstantinos Sirlantzis, Aruni Ghose, Sayali D. Shinde, Vasileios Papadopoulos, Elisabet Sanchez, Elie Rassy, Saak V. Ovsepian
Summary: This article reviews the characteristics and functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). It emphasizes the pivotal role of EVs in tumorigenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and drug response, as well as their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Elie Rassy, Fabrice Andre
Article
Oncology
Anna Vassiliou, Temidayo Osunronbi, Synthia Enyioma, Gerardo Rago, Afroditi Karathanasi, Aruni Ghose, Matin Sheriff, Christos Mikropoulos, Elisabet Sanchez, Michele Moschetta, Cyrus Chargari, Elie Rassy, Stergios Boussios, Hideya Yamazaki
Summary: Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) is a serious complication of cancer that can lead to irreversible neurological impairment. This retrospective study aimed to determine prognostic factors and survival rates among lung cancer patients with MSCC.
Editorial Material
Oncology
E. Rassy, J. -M. Heard, F. Andre
Review
Oncology
Elie Rassy, Rosy Abou-Jaoude, Stergios Boussios, Tarek Assi, Joseph Kattan, Hussein Khaled, Nicholas Pavlidis
Summary: This review investigates cases of sarcomas of unknown primary (SUP), and the results show that SUP shares similar clinical features with sarcomas of known primary, including an aggressive clinical course, generally poor response to chemotherapy, and dismal patient outcomes. Therefore, SUP does not seem to have a different natural history and biological properties that would indicate a distinct entity.
JOURNAL OF THE EGYPTIAN NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aruni Ghose, Sri Vidya Niharika Gullapalli, Naila Chohan, Anita Bolina, Michele Moschetta, Elie Rassy, Stergios Boussios
Summary: Identifying ovarian cancer at early stages is challenging due to its heterogeneity. Next-generation sequencing and proteomics analysis can provide insights into the disease's molecular biology and adaptive responses to therapy, leading to improved treatment choices and outcomes.
Review
Oncology
Albrecht Stenzinger, Arndt Vogel, Ulrich Lehmann, Angela Lamarca, Paul Hofman, Luigi Terracciano, Nicola Normanno
Summary: Cholangiocarcinomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors with distinct genomic alterations. Next-generation sequencing is a powerful tool for identifying gene variants and guiding personalized treatment for patients with cholangiocarcinomas. Understanding the use of NGS in molecular profiling is crucial for healthcare professionals to optimize treatment outcomes.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2024)