Review
Fisheries
Ariffin Hidir, Mohd Amran Aaqillah-Amr, Mohamad Nor Azra, Md Sheriff Shahreza, Muyassar H. Abualreesh, Teoh Hong Peng, Hongyu Ma, Khor Waiho, Hanafiah Fazhan, Mhd Ikhwanuddin
Summary: Sexual dimorphism in mud crabs is evident from an early stage and affects both morphology and physiology. The economic impact is seen in the increased commercial value of males due to larger claws and faster growth, and the high value of females for their delicious egg masses. This drives farmers to utilize sex manipulation technologies to maximize profitability in crab aquaculture.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Naoto Jimi, Natsumi Hookabe, Takeya Moritaki, Taeko Kimura, Satoshi Imura
Summary: The discovery of a new species of deep-sea scale worm living inside gastropod shells in Mie Prefecture, Japan, with highly specialized habitat and extreme sexual size dimorphism, suggests it is an obligate symbiont. The males of this species are dwarfs, riding on the dorsal side of females, making it the first case of extreme sexual size dimorphism in scale worms. Through a detailed morphological, histological, and molecular phylogenetic approach, a new species, Eunoe issunboushi sp. nov., has been described.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Tiara E. Stark, Nuno Simoes, Marymegan Daly
Summary: Research on the Caribbean blue-legged hermit crab revealed high genetic diversity and connectivity, indicating that the species is not currently at special risk. However, geographically restricted haplotypes and limitations within the study hindered a strong conclusion on the sustainability of the fishery.
CONSERVATION GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Mahdieh Ahmadi, Ahmad Noori, Bita Kalvani Neitali, Marcelo Antonio Amaro Pinheiro
Summary: The study investigated the relative growth and sexual dimorphism in the hermit crab Clibanarius signatus. The results revealed that males were larger and heavier than females and intersexes. Both males and females showed a negative allometric growth in relation to weight, while intersexes showed a positive allometric growth.
Article
Fisheries
Nan Mo, Dan-dan Zhu, Jia-xin Liu, Tianyi Feng, Zhaoxia Cui
Summary: The air-exposure stress (AES) in aquacultural practices can affect the survival rate of cultured animals by inducing adjustments in energy utilization, respiration, antioxidant production, and immune activity. A combination of metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis was used to study Chinese mitten crabs' metabolic responses to AES, revealing an increase in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism-related metabolites and changes in gene expression. Lowering temperature was found to alleviate the impacts of AES by depressing metabolic rates, and sexual dimorphism in lipid metabolism in Eriocheir sinensis was demonstrated.
Article
Entomology
Qihang Li, Longyan Chen, Meike Liu, Wenkai Wang, Simone Sabatelli, Andrea Di Giulio, Paolo Audisio
Summary: This study utilized SEM to observe and study the fine morphology of sensilla on the antennae and mouthparts of the pollen-beetle Meligethes (Odonthogethes) chinensis, revealing multiple types and subtypes of sensilla. By comparing similar sensilla in other insects, the research aimed to discuss the evolution and functions of these sensorial structures in specialized flower-inhabiting insects.
Article
Zoology
Ryosuke Motani
Summary: Although scholars have questioned the presence of sexual dimorphism in dinosaurs, a reanalysis of data from living animals suggests that sexual dimorphism likely existed in at least some dinosaur species. However, due to methodological limitations, the sex of a large proportion of sexually dimorphic dinosaurs cannot be established.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diogenes S. Almeida, Anastacia N. C. Menezes, Renata A. Shinozaki-mendesM
Summary: In this study, we used geometric morphometry to investigate the morphological variations of Goyazana castelnaui from the first crab stage to the adult stage. Through principal components analysis, we found that the variation mainly occurred in the frontal and posterior region of the carapace. The pleon and chelipeds also showed significant variations. There were significant differences in morphological variables between sexes and between juveniles and adults. Females had a larger pleon while males had a larger cheliped, supporting the monophyletic theory of Brachyura.
ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Khor Waiho, Mhd Ikhwanuddin, Muyassar H. Abualreesh, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Sairatul Dahlianis Ishak, Mohamad Jalilah, Ghazali Azmie, Hanafiah Fazhan
Summary: Sexual dimorphism is generally obvious in brachyurans, with differences between species being more pronounced than those between sexes within the same species. Reproduction-related characteristics exhibit similar sexual differences across species. Regional intraspecific divergence is observed in mud crab species from certain areas.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Naoto Inui, Kohei Oguchi, Junpei Shinji, Masanori Okanishi, Michitaka Shimomura, Toru Miura
Summary: Intersex individuals with intermediate characters between males and females were found in a wild population of the Varunid crab Ptychognathus ishii. Morphological features were described and their taxonomic positions were identified based on DNA sequences. The study showed that the intersexuality was induced by entoniscid parasites parasitizing the individuals.
ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jane Costa, Lucas Torres, Leticia Paschoaletto, Ana Luiza Anes Pimenta, Hugo A. Benitez, Manuel J. Suazo, Carolina Reigada, Helcio R. Gil-Santana
Summary: This study provides new insights into the sexual dimorphism of the first instar nymphs of the giant stick insect Cladomorphus phyllinus, revealing rare characteristics and highlighting the importance of further research on its biology and ecology.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeanelle Uy, Natalie M. Laudicina
Summary: This research examines how gut size influences the size and shape of the human pelvic canal. In males, larger gut sizes are associated with increased mediolateral canal dimensions at the inlet and midplane, while in females, larger gut sizes are associated with more medially-projecting ischial spines and a longer anteroposterior outlet. These findings suggest adaptations to create space for the gut and reduce the risk of pelvic floor disorders in females.
Article
Fisheries
Jordan Hernandez, Amado Villalobos-Leiva, Adriana Bermudez, Daniela Ahumada-Cabarcas, Manuel J. Suazo, Hugo A. Benitez
Summary: C. kraussii is an endemic fish species from Colombia and Venezuela, and it is a valuable food resource for local communities. The management and captive breeding of this species face difficulties due to the anatomical similarities between sexes and the cryptic morphological behavior. A study on individuals from different localities revealed sexual dimorphism within locations, with males exhibiting less morphological variability and females exhibiting greater morphological disparity. This dimorphism may be influenced by environmental variation.
Article
Zoology
Marina Meireles dos Santos, Julia Klaczko, Ana Lucia da Costa Prudente
Summary: This study analyzes sexual dimorphism in skull and body size and shape in three malacophagous dipsadine snakes, finding that the skull size and shape differ between males and females. Females have longer and thinner skulls. Additionally, females are larger overall. There is covariation between skull shape and body size and an allometric relationship between body and tail size in males.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Eloy Galvez-Lopez, Brandon Kilbourne, Philip G. Cox
Summary: European and American minks are similar in ecology, behavior, and morphology, but the American mink has shown better adaptation to human-altered environments, leading to outcompeting the European mink in introduced areas. Differences in cranial shape between the two species were found, with the American mink having a more adaptive morphology. Additionally, significant size-related sexual dimorphism exists within both species, with only the American mink showing significant sexual dimorphism in shape.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2022)