Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmad Hassan, Muhammad Zeeshan, Muhammad Faraz Bhatti
Summary: The study found a difference in indoor and outdoor microbial air quality in public university libraries, with bacteria and fungi mainly originating from indoor activities and outdoor environments respectively. The indoor/outdoor ratio was less than 1 for fungi and higher than 1 for bacteria.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lei Lei, Suola Shao
Summary: In recent years, natural ventilation has gained increasing interest from building designers due to the emphasis on sustainability and energy efficiency. However, traditional thermal sensation models are not applicable in naturally ventilated environments where the outdoor conditions can change rapidly. This study developed a deep belief neural network model to predict thermal sensation in naturally ventilated indoor environments, considering outdoor environment parameters and human factors. Results showed that the deep belief neural network significantly improved the prediction performance of thermal sensation in natural ventilated indoor environments, offering a more flexible and effective solution for thermal comfort prediction.
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qiuju Xie, Ji-Qin Ni, Jun Bao, Zhongbin Su
Summary: The indoor environment in confined pig buildings plays a crucial role in pig health, welfare, and reproduction. This study developed an innovative method to explore the correlations and coupling abilities among various environmental factors in pig buildings. The results showed that the CO2 concentration and outdoor temperature could be used as decisive factors for gas concentration and thermal environment control.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Suwan Zhou, Canxin Zhang, Hao Cai, Biao Zhang, Qilin Feng, Lihang Feng, Fei Li, Bin Zhou
Summary: The research aims to find effective multi-robot olfaction methods for locating time-varying sources in naturally ventilated indoor environments. Experimental results showed that the IPSO and IWOA methods achieved higher success rates and shorter localization time compared to the SPSO and WUII methods, indicating their superiority in locating time-varying sources.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Meixia Zhang, Ying Gao, Jianyin Xiong
Summary: Chemical reactions and mass transfer on indoor surfaces have a significant impact on indoor air quality. This study presents a kinetic model to describe the reaction of ozone with squalene on indoor surfaces and performs field experiments to investigate its effects on indoor air composition.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yao Tao, Yihuan Yan, Xiang Fang, Haihua Zhang, Jiyuan Tu, Long Shi
Summary: This study investigates the application issues of naturally ventilation double-skin facade (NVDSF) in terms of user space and indoor air quality. The results reveal the impacts of air supply vent sizes, installation heights, and aspect ratios on ventilation rates, as well as the significant difference in indoor air quality based on NVDSF location. Additionally, a more accurate theoretical model for transition seasons' ventilation is provided, considering the impact of solar intensities.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Aanchal Sharma, Ashok Kumar, Kishor S. Kulkarni
Summary: The history of research on thermal comfort in the built environment is comprehensive, with established ways to evaluate thermal conditions for different types of buildings in various climates worldwide. The article reviews the chronological development of thermal comfort studies, including the identification of parameters, indices, models, and standards. It highlights the progression from early developments to adaptive thermal comfort models and standards in response to the dynamic built environment, using longitudinal and transverse field studies.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Inga Garbariene, Julija Pauraite, Daria Pashneva, Agne Minderyte, Karolis Sarka, Vadimas Dudoitis, Lina Davulien, Mindaugas Gaspariunas, Vitalij Kovalevskij, Danielis Lingis, Laurynas Bucinskas, Justina Sapolaite, Z. ilvinas Ezerinskis, Gedi Mainelis, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Simonas Kecorius, Kristina Plauskaite-Sukiene, Steigvile Bycenkiene
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of outdoor particulate pollution on indoor air quality by investigating the chemical composition and sources of submicron aerosol particles (PM1) indoors and outdoors. The results showed differences in the chemical composition and sources of PM1 between indoor and outdoor environments, with biomass burning and road dust resuspension being the primary sources. The three-stage building filter system was found to provide effective protection against indoor particle pollution.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jianlin Ren, Junjie He, Atila Novoselac
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzes the model development, parameter settings, and prediction accuracy of neural networks in classroom settings. It compares three different models, NARX, BP-ANN, and LSTM. The NARX model performs the best in predicting PM1 and PM2.5, while the LSTM model shows relatively good performance in predicting indoor PM10. The trained NARX model successfully predicts indoor PM2.5 concentration and source strength in classrooms in different cities.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sunil Kumar Sansaniwal, Jyotirmay Mathur, Sanjay Mathur
Summary: This study investigated occupant's adaptive actions in naturally ventilated buildings in India based on field measurements, and found that these actions were influenced by various explanatory variables such as indoor and outdoor air temperatures, indoor lighting levels, CO2 concentrations, etc. The behavior patterns were primarily driven by the pursuit of comfort and changes in the indoor environment rather than outdoor conditions.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zilin Zhou, Leigh R. Crilley, Jenna C. Ditto, Trevor C. Vandenboer, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Summary: Unsaturated triglycerides found in food and skin oils are reactive in ambient air, but their chemical fate in genuine indoor environments is not well understood. This study monitored the aging of oil coatings on glass surfaces and found that ozonolysis is the dominant degradation pathway for oil films in both commercial and office settings. Indoor photooxidation was found to accelerate radical formation on surfaces. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) observed may induce oxidative stress in human bodies and further investigation of their toxicological properties is warranted.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Camille Legouy, Laura Girard-Stein, Ruben Wanono, Etienne de Montmollin, Geoffroy Vellieux, Lila Bouadma, Claire Dupuis, Sonia Abid, Camille Vinclair, Stephane Ruckly, Anny Rouvel-Tallec, Marie-Pia d'ortho, Jean-Francois Timsit, Romain Sonneville
Summary: A reactive standard electroencephalography with a background frequency greater than 4 Hz was associated with decreased odds of death in critically ill patients who remained unresponsive after sedation interruption. None of the standard electroencephalography parameters were independently associated with command following in this setting.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jian Hang, Xia Yang, Cui-Yun Ou, Zhi-Wen Luo, Xiao-Dan Fan, Xue-Lin Zhang, Zhong-Li Gu, Xian-Xiang Li
Summary: Indoor-outdoor risk assessment and comparison are rare. Numerical simulations show that indoor exposure risk is higher than outdoor, especially in rooms with index patient. Outdoor infection risk should not be ignored, especially for people at leeward street corner.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuting An, Tongling Xia, Ruoyu You, Dayi Lai, Junjie Liu, Chun Chen
Summary: The study developed a reinforcement learning approach for real-time window behavior control to reduce indoor PM2.5 pollution effectively. Simulations in virtual and real apartments showed that this method significantly outperformed traditional algorithms in reducing indoor PM2.5 concentrations.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammademad Adelikhah, Morteza Imani, Tibor Kovacs
Summary: According to the European Union Basic Safety Standards, it is necessary to establish and address reference levels for indoor radon concentrations in order to protect people from exposure to ionizing radiation. Monitoring and controlling the indoor radon concentration in dwellings and workplaces is important. Proper ventilation and sustainability are the key factors that affect the healthiness of the building environment for its occupants.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Pradeep Ramasubramanian, Olyssa Starry, Todd Rosenstiel, Elliott T. Gall
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Haoran Zhao, Elliott T. Gall, Brent Stephens
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jiayu Li, Man Pun Wan, Stefano Schiavon, Kwok Wai Tham, Sultan Zuraimi, Jinwen Xiong, Mingliang Fang, Elliott Gall
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Aurelie Laguerre, Linda A. George, Elliott T. Gall
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Elliott T. Gall, Asit Kumar Mishra, Jiayu Li, Stefano Schiavon, Aurelie Laguerre
Summary: The study found that human emission rates of CO2 and isoprene were higher under cognitive tasks compared to relaxed activities, indicating that activity levels can affect the release of chemical substances.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Leslie M. Kollar, Scott Kiel, Ashley J. James, Cody T. Carnley, Danielle N. Scola, Taylor N. Clark, Tikahari Khanal, Todd N. Rosenstiel, Elliott T. Gall, Karl Grieshop, Stuart F. McDaniel
Summary: The study identified genetic variation for fitness in natural populations can be maintained by sexual antagonism and revealed the genetic architecture of sexual dimorphism in a moss species. The findings suggest that the response to sexually antagonistic or sexually concordant selection is dependent on the traits experiencing selection, and sex-specific genetic architectures have evolved to partly resolve multivariate genetic constraints.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yicheng Zeng, Prashik Manwatkar, Aurelie Laguerre, Marina Beke, Insung Kang, Akram S. Ali, Delphine K. Farmer, Elliott T. Gall, Mohammad Heidarinejad, Brent Stephens
Summary: The study evaluated the gas and particle removal effectiveness as well as potential byproduct formation of a commercially available in-duct bipolar ionization device through a series of experiments. The results showed that the operation of the ionization unit led to a decrease in certain hydrocarbons but an increase in oxygenated VOCs and toluene. Additionally, the ionizer had minimal impact on particle, O3, and NO2 concentrations during normal operating conditions, with slightly increased loss rates for ultrafine particles and slightly decreased loss rates for larger particles in particle injection and decay experiments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Pradeep Ramasubramanian, Irvan Luhung, Serene B. Y. Lim, Stephan C. Schuster, Olyssa Starry, Elliott T. Gall
Summary: The study found that rooftop surfaces near building outdoor air intakes may affect the mass loading on filters and compounds emitted to ventilation air downstream of the filter. Green and white roof filters had different DNA masses in different seasons, and methanol was the dominant VOC emission at constant temperature and humidity.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Brett Stinson, Aurelie Laguerre, Elliott T. Gall
Summary: Real-time measurements were conducted on the air handler of a middle school to quantify source strengths for VOCs. The study found that indoor sources, including the building and occupants, were the main contributors to indoor and outdoor air quality, and that the carbon scrubber effectively reduced indoor VOC concentrations and their contribution to the outdoor environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Danlyn L. Brennan, Leslie M. Kollar, Scott Kiel, Timea Deakova, Aurelie Laguerre, Stuart F. McDaniel, Sarah M. Eppley, Elliott T. Gall, Todd N. Rosenstiel
Summary: Mosses play important roles in interacting with nitrogen-fixing microbes, arthropods, and other plants through releasing biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). However, studying the composition and response of moss BVOC emissions to environmental factors is currently limited by methodological and analytical challenges.
APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Aurelie Laguerre, Danlyn L. Brennan, Olyssa Starry, Todd N. Rosenstiel, Elliott T. Gall
Summary: This study characterizes the CO2 uptake and BVOC emission of succulent plants and moss using proton transfer reaction - time of flight - mass spectrometry. Methanol was the dominant BVOC emitted, and acetaldehyde had the largest removal. The results can inform the selection of plants used in urban greening.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aureelie Laguerre, Elliott T. T. Gall
Summary: Wildfire smoke can accumulate indoor materials, and two methods were developed for measuring PAHs on indoor materials. The extraction recoveries of PAHs ranged from 50-83% and were influenced by the number of aromatic rings. The recovery of heavy PAHs was higher than that of light PAHs.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Gwynne A. Mhuireach, Leslie Dietz, Willem Griffiths, Patrick Finn Horve, Aurelie Laguerre, Dale Northcutt, Roo Vandegrift, Elliott Gall, Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg
Summary: The study indicates that indoor environmental quality is directly influenced by building materials, affecting indoor chemical and microbial exposures. Earth material has the highest bacterial abundance and diversity, with negative VOC emission; while Timber has the lowest bacterial abundance and the highest VOC emission rate.
DEVELOPMENTS IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Kyle Chin, Aurelie Laguerre, Pradeep Ramasubramanian, David Pleshakov, Brent Stephens, Elliott T. Gall
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2019)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jason Stenson, Suzanne L. Ishaq, Aurelie Laguerre, Andrew Loia, Georgia MacCrone, Ignace Mugabo, Dale Northcutt, Mariapaola Riggio, Andre Barbosa, Elliott T. Gall, Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Parth Bansal, Steven Jige Quan
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between urban form and canopy layer urban heat island (CUHI) using a relatively large sample of microclimate sensors in Seoul, Korea. The study compares different statistical models and finds that the spatially explicit gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model has the highest accuracy. The study also shows that the effect of urban form on CUHI varies at different time instances during the day. These findings provide valuable insights for planners to understand the complexity of urban climate and reduce CUHI magnitude.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Miaomiao Liu, Salah Almazmumi, Pinlu Cao, Carlos Jimenez-bescos, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: Windcatchers provide effective low-energy ventilation and summer passive cooling in temperate climates. However, their use in winter is limited due to significant ventilation heat loss and potential discomfort. This study evaluates the applicability of windcatchers in low-temperature conditions, highlighting the need for control strategies to reduce over-ventilation and the integration of heat recovery or thermal storage to enhance winter thermal conditions.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Behrouz Nourozi, Aneta Wierzbicka, Runming Yao, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This article presents a systematic review of ventilation solutions in hospital wards, aiming to enhance pathogen removal performance while maintaining patient and healthcare staff comfort using air-cleaning techniques. The study reveals the importance of proper ventilation systems in reducing infection risk and adverse effects of cross-contamination.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhen Yang, Weirong Zhang, Hongkai Liu, Weijia Zhang, Mingyuan Qin
Summary: The study examines the influence of personalized local heating on the thermal comfort of occupants in old residential buildings. The findings reveal that personalized local heating can increase the overall thermal sensation of occupants, but only a few methods are effective in enhancing thermal comfort. The chosen heating methods and background temperature affect the participants' selection of heating parts.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hong Cheng, Dan Norback, Huilin Zhang, Liu Yang, Baizhan Li, Yinping Zhang, Zhuohui Zhao, Qihong Deng, Chen Huang, Xu Yang, Chan Lu, Hua Qian, Tingting Wang, Ling Zhang, Wei Yu, Juan Wang, Xin Zhang
Summary: The home environment and sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms in five southern Chinese cities have been studied over time. The study found a decrease in asthma prevalence and an increase in allergic rhinitis. Cockroaches, rats, mice, mosquitoes or flies were identified as consistent biological risk factors for SBS symptoms, while redecoration, buying new furniture, and traffic air pollution were identified as other risk factors.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chaojie Xing, Zhengtao Ai, Zhiwei Liu, Cheuk Ming Mak, Hai Ming Wong
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the emission characteristics of droplets around the mouth during dental treatments. The results showed that the peak mass fraction of droplets occurs within the size range of 20 μm to 100 μm, and droplets with a diameter less than 200 μm account for over 80% of the mass fraction. The dominant emission direction of droplets is towards the dummy's head and chest, forming an approximately cone shape.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhijian Liu, Zhe Han, Lina Hu, Chenxing Hu, Rui Rong
Summary: This study compared the effects of different respiratory behaviors on the distribution of aerosols in a ward and the risk of infection for healthcare workers using numerical simulation. It was found that talking in the ward significantly increased aerosol concentrations, particularly short periods of talking. Wards designed with side-supply ventilation had lower overall infection risk. Talking alternately between healthcare workers and patients slightly extended the impact time of aerosols.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Yan, Mengyuan Kang, Haodong Zhang, Zhiwei Lian, Xiaojun Fan, Chandra Sekhar, Pawel Wargocki, Li Lan
Summary: In a high-density city, opening windows for sleep may lead to increased indoor temperature, higher PM2.5 concentration, and noise disturbance, which can negatively impact sleep quality.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Bai, Liang Liu, Kai Liu, Shuai Yu, Yifan Shen, Di Sun
Summary: This study developed a non-intrusive personal thermal comfort model using machine learning techniques combined with infrared facial recognition. The results showed that the ensemble learning models perform better than traditional models, and the broad learning model has a higher prediction precision with lower computational complexity and faster training speed compared to deep neural networks. The findings provide a reference for optimizing building thermal environments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yue Lei, Zeynep Duygu Tekler, Sicheng Zhan, Clayton Miller, Adrian Chong
Summary: Mixed-mode ventilation is a promising solution for achieving energy-efficient and comfortable indoor environments. This study found that occupants can thermally adapt when switching between natural ventilation (NV) and air-conditioning (AC) modes within the same day, with the adaptation process stabilizing between 35 to 45 minutes after the mode switch. These findings are important for optimizing thermal comfort in mixed-mode controls, considering the dynamic nature of thermal adaptation.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Nan Mo, Jie Han, Yingde Yin, Yelin Zhang
Summary: This study develops a method based on the LCZ framework for a comprehensive evaluation of urban-scale heat island effects, considering the impact of geographic factors on LST. The results show that Guilin's geomorphological conditions lead to abnormal heat island effects during winter, and the cooling effects of mountains and water bodies vary seasonally in different built areas, with LCZ 2 exhibiting the strongest cooling effect.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tunga Salthammer
Summary: Monitoring the potential formaldehyde emission of wood-based materials through test chamber investigations has significantly contributed to reducing indoor formaldehyde concentrations. However, the different methodologies used in these procedures prevent direct result comparison. Empirical models for converting formaldehyde steady-state concentrations based on temperature, humidity, air change rate, and loading were developed in the 1970s and have been modified to accommodate the development of lower-emitting materials. Formaldehyde emissions from wood-based materials are complex and require nonlinear regression tools for mathematical analysis.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Katarina Stebelova, Katarina Kovacova, Zuzana Dzirbikova, Peter Hanuliak, Tomas Bacigal, Peter Hartman, Andrea Vargova, Jozef Hraska
Summary: This study investigated the impact of reduced short-wavelength light on the hormone melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (u-sMEL) and examined the association between previous day's light exposure and u-sMEL. It was found that reducing short-wavelength light during the day did not change the concentration of u-sMEL. Personal photopic illuminance was positively correlated with u-sMEL in the reference week. The illuminance had a significant impact on u-sMEL, as shown by the evaluation of the mean of all three urine samples. However, this correlation was not found in the experimental week.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruoxin Xiong, Ying Shi, Haoming Jing, Wei Liang, Yorie Nakahira, Pingbo Tang
Summary: This study proposes a data-model integration method to identify and calibrate uncertainties in machine learning models, leading to improved thermal perception predictions. The method utilizes the Multidimensional Association Rule Mining algorithm to identify biased human responses and enhances prediction accuracy and reliability. The study also evaluates different calibration techniques and discovers their potential in enhancing prediction reliability.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Beichao Hu, Zeda Yin, Abderrachid Hamrani, Arturo Leon, Dwayne McDaniel
Summary: This paper introduces an innovative super-resolution approach to model the air flow and temperature field in the cold aisle of a data center. The proposed method reconstructs a high-fidelity flow field by using a low-fidelity flow field, significantly reducing the computational time and enabling real-time prediction.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)