Article
Thermodynamics
Cong Liu, Siyu Ji, Fengjiao Zhou, Qingbin Lin, Yiqi Chen, Xiaoliang Shao
Summary: The study introduces a PM2.5-based CADR method to measure air infiltration rate, which has shown a normalized mean error of 19% and a correlation coefficient of 0.80 in comparison with the CO2 decay method. Despite some limitations, the CADR method proves to be a feasible option for field measurement under realistic conditions when combined with current tracer gas methods.
BUILDING SIMULATION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiguo Yin, Xinping Zhai, Yuxuan Ning, Zhuohang Li, Zhenjun Ma, Xiaozhe Wang, Angui Li
Summary: This study evaluated the indoor air quality of residential buildings in Xi'an under cold climate conditions through long-term monitoring, highlighting the differences in the impact of mechanical ventilation and natural ventilation on indoor CO2 and PM2.5 levels under different conditions. It is recommended that the operation duration of mechanical ventilation should be greater than 9 hours when outdoor pollution is severe.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sabrina Westgate, Nga Lee Ng
Summary: This study used low-cost sensors to continuously measure size-resolved particulate matter and carbon dioxide in a university classroom. The decay time constant of each pollutant was determined using occupant-generated emissions, and the results showed that quantifying metabolic CO2 decay is a viable method to estimate the timescale of indoor aerosol decay. Both CO2 and particulate matter provided comparable air change rate estimates.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sumei Liu, Rui Song, Tengfei (Tim) Zhang
Summary: This study investigates ventilation performance in newly constructed residential apartments in different climate zones in China. Natural ventilation is the cheapest but may not provide sufficient ventilation rate, while mechanical ventilation ensures good indoor air quality continuously with higher costs. Indoor particulate filtration is recommended for severe outdoor PM2.5 pollution.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Xing Lu, Zhihong Pang, Yangyang Fu, Zheng O'Neill
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive review of the revolutions of CO2-based DCV in commercial buildings, focusing on trends and fundamental updates, particularly the correlation between indoor CO2 concentration and ventilation demands.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chunshui Lin, Ru-Jin Huang, Haobin Zhong, Jing Duan, Zixi Wang, Wei Huang, Wei Xu
Summary: The Fenwei Plain in central China is one of the most polluted regions in China. Limited understanding of the air pollution in this area is due to a lack of detailed analysis of the transformation from precursor gases to secondary products, such as secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and ozone. Analysis of air pollutant monitoring data in Xi'an, the largest city in the Fenwei Plain, from 2015 to 2021 shows that approximately two-thirds of the days exceeded the air quality standard for PM2.5 or O-3. Increasing O-3 pollution in winter haze, caused by elevated reactive oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) and reduced NO2, was also observed.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xianxian Lu, Cunyi Gong, Ke Lv, Lifang Zheng, Beibei Li, Yuanteng Zhao, Haonan Lu, Tingting Wei, Jiawei Huang, Rui Li
Summary: This study found that combined exposure to formaldehyde and PM2.5 at ambient concentrations can exacerbate asthma symptoms in mice and produce a synergistic effect through the p38 MAPK pathway.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dongho Shin, Younghun Kim, Kee-Jung Hong, Gunhee Lee, Inyong Park, Hak-Joon Kim, Sangwoo Kim, Cheong-Ha Hwang, Kwang-Chul Noh, Bangwoo Han
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of filters used in residential mechanical ventilation systems on indoor PM2.5 concentration, conducting experiments under different outdoor PM2.5 concentration conditions. The results showed that using MERV 13 filters can significantly reduce indoor PM2.5 concentration, while using MERV 10 filters only has a limited effect. The established equation can accurately predict indoor PM2.5 concentration according to the error analysis.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Emily R. Jones, Jose Guillermo Cedeno Laurent, Anna S. Young, Piers MacNaughton, Brent A. Coull, John D. Spengler, Joseph G. Allen
Summary: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a harmful airborne pollutant that can penetrate indoors from outdoor sources, leading to higher indoor concentrations in areas with elevated outdoor PM2.5 levels. This study found that mechanical ventilation systems can help mitigate the intrusion of outdoor PM2.5, and using filters with higher MERV ratings can significantly reduce indoor PM2.5 levels compared to lower rated filters, showcasing the potential efficacy of mechanical ventilation with efficient filtration to protect against PM2.5 exposure.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Florentina Villanueva, Alberto Notario, Beatriz Cabanas, Pilar Martin, Sagrario Salgado, Marta Fonseca Gabriel
Summary: The study found that most classrooms studied can ensure adequate ventilation conditions through window ventilation, minimizing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 airborne transmission. It was also found that preschool classrooms have relatively better ventilation conditions, while secondary classrooms have the highest CO2 concentrations.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ana F. Silva, Guilherme Carrilho da Graca
Summary: This paper presents the development and experimental testing of an innovative low-pressure loss PM2.5 filter channel. The filter uses electrostatic precipitation (ESP) technology to reduce outdoor PM2.5 ingress into the indoor environment while ensuring low airflow resistance required by natural ventilation systems. Experimental results show that the PM2.5 collection efficiency of the device is more than 60%.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jia Bin Yeo, Jun Ho Jang, Young In Jo, Jeong Woo Koo, Ki Tae Nam
Summary: Utilizing CO2-derived formaldehyde derivatives for fuel additive or polymer synthesis can greatly reduce net carbon dioxide emissions. This study proposes a new electrochemical approach to simultaneously generate formaldehyde derivatives at both electrodes by partially oxidizing methanol and directly reducing CO2. The activation and stabilization of formic acid and formaldehyde in methanol solvent enable the generation of formaldehyde derivatives at the cathode alongside the anode.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mengya Guo, Fengjuan Gu, Lingding Meng, Qiyong Liao, Zihui Meng, Wenfang Liu
Summary: This study investigates the reduction of CO2 to formaldehyde using a photo-enzyme coupled system. The optimal pH values and electron donors for the reactions are determined. Furthermore, the loading ratio of enzymes and the concentration of cofactors are optimized, and the stability of the system is examined. The results demonstrate the efficiency and stability of the photo-enzyme coupled system in producing formaldehyde from CO2.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Younghun Kim, Dongho Shin, Kee-Jung Hong, Gunhee Lee, Sang Bok Kim, Inyong Park, Bangwoo Han, Jungho Hwang
Summary: This study established a theoretical model to estimate the performance of various indoor air quality management methods for controlling indoor PM2.5 concentrations and energy consumption. The model was verified through comparative experiments. The study identified efficient energy-saving PM2.5 management scenarios using different IAQ management methods based on the annual life patterns of residents in South Korea. The results showed that energy consumption could be significantly reduced by applying natural ventilation in certain seasons and mechanical ventilation in others.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bruna Marmett, Gilson Pires Dorneles, Roseana Boek Carvalho, Alessandra Peres, Pedro Roosevelt Torres Romao, Ramiro Barcos Nunes, Claudia Ramos Rhoden
Summary: The study investigated the inhalation dose of PM2.5 during exercise sessions at different locations in Porto Alegre City, both in the morning and evening. Results showed that higher PM2.5 concentrations were observed in the mornings, while evening ventilation had a greater impact on inhalation levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Huifang Ding, Yunxia Zhang, Hejiang Sun, Lianyuan Feng
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2016)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hao Zhou, Lifeng Qiao, Yi Jiang, Hejiang Sun, Qingyan Chen
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2016)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Congcong Wang, Junjie Liu, Wenjin Shang, Hejiang Sun, Jiayu Li, Fenghua Fan
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2018)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yi Zhao, Hejiang Sun, Daixin Tu
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2018)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiguo Yin, Chunxue Liu, Leiming Zhang, Angui Li, Zhenjun Ma
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2019)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lijuan Wang, Jungsoo Kim, Jing Xiong, Haiguo Yin
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2019)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jie Yang, Lijuan Wang, Haiguo Yin, Peng Wang
Summary: This study found differences in thermal responses among different thermal preference groups of young male university students during summer, with the warm thermal preference group being more sensitive to indoor temperature variations.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiguo Yin, Yaokun Huo, Yuanyuan Wang, Daina Ji, Jiali Wang, Zhenjun Ma, Angui Li
Summary: Column attached ventilation (CAV) can be effectively used for room heating, with inertia force being the main driving force of airflow. Archimedes number (Ar) is related to air distribution and ventilation effect, with Ar less than 2.241 x 10-3 being a prerequisite for effective air distribution.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiguo Yin, Xinping Zhai, Yuxuan Ning, Zhuohang Li, Zhenjun Ma, Xiaozhe Wang, Angui Li
Summary: This study evaluated the indoor air quality of residential buildings in Xi'an under cold climate conditions through long-term monitoring, highlighting the differences in the impact of mechanical ventilation and natural ventilation on indoor CO2 and PM2.5 levels under different conditions. It is recommended that the operation duration of mechanical ventilation should be greater than 9 hours when outdoor pollution is severe.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haotian Liu, Hejiang Sun, Hao Mo, Junjie Liu
Summary: This study examined the usage patterns of split air conditioners in three climate zones in China, developed predictive models with high performance, identified variations in AC usage among households, and highlighted the significant impact of meteorological factors on AC prediction accuracy.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiguo Yin, Daina Ji, Yuanyuan Wang, Yaokun Huo, Xin Deng, Jiali Wang, Zhenjun Ma, Angui Li
Summary: Column attachment ventilation mode (CAV) is a new form of air distribution that utilizes the Coanda effect to efficiently transport air from the top of a room to the lower occupied zone. This study investigated the movement and diffusion characteristics of particulate matter (PM) in CAV mode. The results showed that particles of different sizes had different behaviors, and the air supply temperature difference had a significant impact on PM distribution.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yanyan Li, Haiguo Yin, Xin Deng, Linfeng Liang, Yongshou Zhang, Yongchao Zhai
Summary: This paper discusses the ventilation scheme design for improving air quality in sentry boxes with openings, using two attached ventilation modes as carriers. The study shows the effectiveness of creating a covering air curtain and diluting exhaust gases to prevent pollutant intrusion and enhance indoor air quality.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jiali Wang, Haiguo Yin, Yaokun Huo, Jingying Zhang, Linfeng Liang, Daina Ji, Zhu Chang, Zhenjun Ma, Angui Li
Summary: This paper compares three types of column attachment ventilation models (circular, square, and cross-shaped) through numerical simulation and experiments. The study shows that the cross-shaped column attachment ventilation has unique air distribution characteristics, creating a larger impinging zone near the internal corner. Compared with the square column attachment ventilation, the kinetic energy loss at the bottom of the cross-shaped column attachment ventilation increases by approximately 60%. This research provides a design basis for cross-shaped column attachment ventilation in buildings.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Parth Bansal, Steven Jige Quan
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between urban form and canopy layer urban heat island (CUHI) using a relatively large sample of microclimate sensors in Seoul, Korea. The study compares different statistical models and finds that the spatially explicit gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model has the highest accuracy. The study also shows that the effect of urban form on CUHI varies at different time instances during the day. These findings provide valuable insights for planners to understand the complexity of urban climate and reduce CUHI magnitude.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Miaomiao Liu, Salah Almazmumi, Pinlu Cao, Carlos Jimenez-bescos, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: Windcatchers provide effective low-energy ventilation and summer passive cooling in temperate climates. However, their use in winter is limited due to significant ventilation heat loss and potential discomfort. This study evaluates the applicability of windcatchers in low-temperature conditions, highlighting the need for control strategies to reduce over-ventilation and the integration of heat recovery or thermal storage to enhance winter thermal conditions.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Behrouz Nourozi, Aneta Wierzbicka, Runming Yao, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This article presents a systematic review of ventilation solutions in hospital wards, aiming to enhance pathogen removal performance while maintaining patient and healthcare staff comfort using air-cleaning techniques. The study reveals the importance of proper ventilation systems in reducing infection risk and adverse effects of cross-contamination.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhen Yang, Weirong Zhang, Hongkai Liu, Weijia Zhang, Mingyuan Qin
Summary: The study examines the influence of personalized local heating on the thermal comfort of occupants in old residential buildings. The findings reveal that personalized local heating can increase the overall thermal sensation of occupants, but only a few methods are effective in enhancing thermal comfort. The chosen heating methods and background temperature affect the participants' selection of heating parts.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hong Cheng, Dan Norback, Huilin Zhang, Liu Yang, Baizhan Li, Yinping Zhang, Zhuohui Zhao, Qihong Deng, Chen Huang, Xu Yang, Chan Lu, Hua Qian, Tingting Wang, Ling Zhang, Wei Yu, Juan Wang, Xin Zhang
Summary: The home environment and sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms in five southern Chinese cities have been studied over time. The study found a decrease in asthma prevalence and an increase in allergic rhinitis. Cockroaches, rats, mice, mosquitoes or flies were identified as consistent biological risk factors for SBS symptoms, while redecoration, buying new furniture, and traffic air pollution were identified as other risk factors.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chaojie Xing, Zhengtao Ai, Zhiwei Liu, Cheuk Ming Mak, Hai Ming Wong
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the emission characteristics of droplets around the mouth during dental treatments. The results showed that the peak mass fraction of droplets occurs within the size range of 20 μm to 100 μm, and droplets with a diameter less than 200 μm account for over 80% of the mass fraction. The dominant emission direction of droplets is towards the dummy's head and chest, forming an approximately cone shape.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhijian Liu, Zhe Han, Lina Hu, Chenxing Hu, Rui Rong
Summary: This study compared the effects of different respiratory behaviors on the distribution of aerosols in a ward and the risk of infection for healthcare workers using numerical simulation. It was found that talking in the ward significantly increased aerosol concentrations, particularly short periods of talking. Wards designed with side-supply ventilation had lower overall infection risk. Talking alternately between healthcare workers and patients slightly extended the impact time of aerosols.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Yan, Mengyuan Kang, Haodong Zhang, Zhiwei Lian, Xiaojun Fan, Chandra Sekhar, Pawel Wargocki, Li Lan
Summary: In a high-density city, opening windows for sleep may lead to increased indoor temperature, higher PM2.5 concentration, and noise disturbance, which can negatively impact sleep quality.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Bai, Liang Liu, Kai Liu, Shuai Yu, Yifan Shen, Di Sun
Summary: This study developed a non-intrusive personal thermal comfort model using machine learning techniques combined with infrared facial recognition. The results showed that the ensemble learning models perform better than traditional models, and the broad learning model has a higher prediction precision with lower computational complexity and faster training speed compared to deep neural networks. The findings provide a reference for optimizing building thermal environments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yue Lei, Zeynep Duygu Tekler, Sicheng Zhan, Clayton Miller, Adrian Chong
Summary: Mixed-mode ventilation is a promising solution for achieving energy-efficient and comfortable indoor environments. This study found that occupants can thermally adapt when switching between natural ventilation (NV) and air-conditioning (AC) modes within the same day, with the adaptation process stabilizing between 35 to 45 minutes after the mode switch. These findings are important for optimizing thermal comfort in mixed-mode controls, considering the dynamic nature of thermal adaptation.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Nan Mo, Jie Han, Yingde Yin, Yelin Zhang
Summary: This study develops a method based on the LCZ framework for a comprehensive evaluation of urban-scale heat island effects, considering the impact of geographic factors on LST. The results show that Guilin's geomorphological conditions lead to abnormal heat island effects during winter, and the cooling effects of mountains and water bodies vary seasonally in different built areas, with LCZ 2 exhibiting the strongest cooling effect.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tunga Salthammer
Summary: Monitoring the potential formaldehyde emission of wood-based materials through test chamber investigations has significantly contributed to reducing indoor formaldehyde concentrations. However, the different methodologies used in these procedures prevent direct result comparison. Empirical models for converting formaldehyde steady-state concentrations based on temperature, humidity, air change rate, and loading were developed in the 1970s and have been modified to accommodate the development of lower-emitting materials. Formaldehyde emissions from wood-based materials are complex and require nonlinear regression tools for mathematical analysis.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Katarina Stebelova, Katarina Kovacova, Zuzana Dzirbikova, Peter Hanuliak, Tomas Bacigal, Peter Hartman, Andrea Vargova, Jozef Hraska
Summary: This study investigated the impact of reduced short-wavelength light on the hormone melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (u-sMEL) and examined the association between previous day's light exposure and u-sMEL. It was found that reducing short-wavelength light during the day did not change the concentration of u-sMEL. Personal photopic illuminance was positively correlated with u-sMEL in the reference week. The illuminance had a significant impact on u-sMEL, as shown by the evaluation of the mean of all three urine samples. However, this correlation was not found in the experimental week.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruoxin Xiong, Ying Shi, Haoming Jing, Wei Liang, Yorie Nakahira, Pingbo Tang
Summary: This study proposes a data-model integration method to identify and calibrate uncertainties in machine learning models, leading to improved thermal perception predictions. The method utilizes the Multidimensional Association Rule Mining algorithm to identify biased human responses and enhances prediction accuracy and reliability. The study also evaluates different calibration techniques and discovers their potential in enhancing prediction reliability.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Beichao Hu, Zeda Yin, Abderrachid Hamrani, Arturo Leon, Dwayne McDaniel
Summary: This paper introduces an innovative super-resolution approach to model the air flow and temperature field in the cold aisle of a data center. The proposed method reconstructs a high-fidelity flow field by using a low-fidelity flow field, significantly reducing the computational time and enabling real-time prediction.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)