Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Edna N. Matjuda, Godwill A. Engwa, Samuel Nkeh Chungag Anye, Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag, Nandu Goswami
Summary: In South African children of African ancestry, vascular dysfunction is associated with obesity, high blood pressure, oxidative stress, and microalbuminuria.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Saenz-Medina, Maria Martinez, Silvia Rosado, Manuel Duran, Dolores Prieto, Joaquin Carballido
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the endothelial vascular function in patients with urolithiasis in relation to systemic inflammatory, oxidative stress, and vascular function serum markers. It found that endothelial dysfunction is an important disorder in urolithiasis patients and may be related to future cardiovascular events, although no significant association was found between inflammatory, oxidative stress, endothelial serum markers, and flow-mediated dilation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tays Amanda Felisberto Goncalves, Viviane Silva Lima, Arthur Jose Pontes Oliveira de Almeida, Alinne Villar de Arruda, Ana Caroline Meneses Ferreira Veras, Thais Trajano Lima, Evyllen Myllena Cardoso Soares, Adhonias Correia dos Santos, Maria Eduarda Costa de Vasconcelos, Mathania Silva de Almeida Feitosa, Robson Cavalcante Veras, Isac Almeida de Medeiros
Summary: This study demonstrated the regulatory effects of carvacrol on endothelial repair in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Results showed that carvacrol promoted the migration and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells, increased eNOS expression and activity, reduced reactive oxygen species production and cellular senescence, and improved vascular function.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mitsuru Tsuge, Kazuhiro Uda, Takahiro Eitoku, Naomi Matsumoto, Takashi Yorifuji, Hirokazu Tsukahara
Summary: Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile vasculitis that mainly affects children under five years old. Its etiology is not fully understood, but it may involve genetic and environmental factors. The multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 shares similarities with Kawasaki disease. Vascular endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of the nitric oxide system are believed to play important roles in the development of cardiovascular lesions in Kawasaki disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naris Thengchaisri, Lih Kuo, Travis W. Hein
Summary: In diabetes, the increased activity of the enzyme arginase competes with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) for their common substrate L-arginine, leading to compromised vasodilation mediated by nitric oxide (NO). However, eNOS uncoupling in diabetes may result in the production of superoxide and compensatory hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formation to restore NO deficiency. This study found that in early type 1 diabetes, the vasodilation response in coronary arterioles was partially impaired due to reduced availability of L-arginine as a result of upregulated arginase activity. Nevertheless, the increased production of H2O2 during eNOS uncoupling and PI3K activation seemed to compensate for the NO deficiency and mask the disturbance caused by arginase activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Javier Saenz-Medina, Mercedes Munoz, Claudia Rodriguez, Cristina Contreras, Ana Sanchez, Maria Jose Coronado, Elvira Ramil, Martin Santos, Joaquin Carballido, Dolores Prieto
Summary: This study found that urolithiasis leads to endothelial dysfunction in preglomerular arteries, accompanied by an increase in renal cortex superoxide generation and the development of vascular inflammation. Pathways involving xanthine oxidase, Nox1, and Nox2 also play a role in this process.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatsuya Maruhashi, Yukihito Higashi
Summary: Endothelial dysfunction is crucial in the progression of atherosclerosis and is significantly associated with diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress. Selecting appropriate therapeutic interventions that improve endothelial function is important for preventing diabetic vascular complications. Various hypoglycemic drugs and agents like GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors may improve endothelial function through multiple mechanisms independent of glucose control or insulin signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Biagio Rapone, Elisabetta Ferrara, Erda Qorri, Mir Faeq Ali Quadri, Gianna Dipalma, Antonio Mancini, Massimo Del Fabbro, Antonio Scarano, Gianluca Tartaglia, Francesco Inchingolo
Summary: The study suggests that intensive periodontal treatment may improve endothelial function in diabetic patients, but there were no significant benefits observed in the lipid profile.
Review
Cell Biology
Yong Qiu, Chunheng Mo, Shiyu Xu, Lu Chen, Wanlin Ye, Yi Kang, Guo Chen, Tao Zhu
Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial barrier that separates the central nervous system from the periphery, consisting of endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, synapses, and tight junction proteins. During the perioperative period, anesthesia and surgical procedures pose stress on the body, leading to potential blood-brain barrier damage and brain metabolism dysfunction. The destruction of the blood-brain barrier during the perioperative period is closely associated with cognitive impairment and increased risk of postoperative mortality, hindering the enhancement of recovery after surgery. The specific pathophysiological processes and mechanisms underlying blood-brain barrier damage during the perioperative period have not been fully elucidated, but changes in blood-brain barrier permeability, inflammation and neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and intestinal dysbiosis may be involved. This review aims to summarize the research progress on perioperative blood-brain barrier damage, its potential adverse effects, and molecular mechanisms to provide insights for the study of brain function homeostasis and precision anesthesia.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hollie Speer, Andrew J. McKune
Summary: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and studying the factors involved in its progression is crucial for healthy aging. Aging is associated with a loss of skeletal muscle quantity and quality, as well as an increase in Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species, which may accelerate the aging process.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Pankiewicz, Tadeusz Issat
Summary: Chemerin is a versatile adipokine involved in various biological processes, including inflammation, angiogenesis, adipogenesis, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress. It plays a crucial role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, particularly in pre-eclampsia (PE). Elevated levels of blood chemerin and its placental expression are positively correlated with the severity of PE. This review provides an overview of the potential role of chemerin in PE development, focusing on its involvement in oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Dauth, Andrzej Breborowicz, Yue Ruan, Qi Tang, Jenia K. Zadeh, Elsa W. Bohm, Norbert Pfeiffer, Pratik H. Khedkar, Andreas Patzak, Ksenija Vujacic-Mirski, Andreas Daiber, Adrian Gericke
Summary: This study aimed to examine the protective effect of sulodexide, a mixture of glycosaminoglycans, against hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in the retina. Using isolated porcine retinal arterioles, the researchers found that sulodexide had a concentration-dependent protective effect against endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress by modulating the expression of redox enzymes.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Joseph Festa, Aamir Hussain, Zakia Al-Hareth, Harprit Singh, Mariasole Da Boit
Summary: Anthocyanins, a type of flavonoid polyphenols, have been studied for their potential in improving cardiovascular health and preventing endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises questions about the role of their metabolites in the observed biological activity. Recent studies have used different models and concentrations to better understand the mechanisms of action of these compounds. The review highlights the need for further research on improving the bioavailability of the metabolites and exploring the effects of metabolites in mixtures.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Saenz-Medina, Mercedes Munoz, Claudia Rodriguez, Ana Sanchez, Cristina Contreras, Joaquin Carballido-Rodriguez, Dolores Prieto
Summary: An epidemiological relationship between urolithiasis and cardiovascular diseases has been reported. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with both conditions. Oxidative stress is a key factor in the development of endothelial dysfunction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Micol Romano, Facundo Garcia-Bournissen, David Piskin, Ulkumen Rodoplu, Lizzy Piskin, Abdelbaset A. Elzagallaai, Tunc Tuncer, Siren Sezer, Didar Ucuncuoglu, Tevfik Honca, Dimitri Poddighe, Izzet Yavuz, Peter Stenvinkel, Mahmut Ilker Yilmaz, Erkan Demirkaya
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a combination of natural products on inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and Serum Amyloid A amyloidosis. The results showed that the combination therapy significantly reduced inflammatory markers, improved endothelial function, and reduced oxidative stress.