Article
Chemistry, Physical
Binbin Li, Songxiong Ding, Haihong Fan, Yu Ren
Summary: Experimental investigations were conducted to examine the impact of pyrolysis temperature on sewage sludge biochar (SSB). The results showed that heavy metals were enriched and confined in biochar SSB as the pyrolysis temperature increased, leading to a reduction in ecological toxicity. The pyrolysis of sewage sludge at a suitable temperature converted bioavailable/degradable heavy metals into a more stable oxidizable/residual form.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sirui Tong, Shuping Zhang, Haoxin Yin, Jiaxing Wang, Minzi Chen
Summary: This study evaluated the co-hydrothermal treatment combined with pyrolysis of rice straw and sewage sludge to produce biochar, aiming to reasonably dispose of sewage sludge as a resource and avoid secondary pollution. Results showed a synergy between rice straw and sewage sludge during the co-HTP process, leading to slightly higher biochar yield than predicted values. The co-HTP process also promoted the increase of aromaticity and stability of biochar, with a significant increase in specific surface area. Additionally, the process decreased the total concentrations of heavy metals in biochar and helped immobilize heavy metals to reduce environmental risks.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chaoqian Wang, Xinyan Zhang, Wenlong Wang, Jing Sun, Yanpeng Mao, Xiqiang Zhao, Zhanlong Song
Summary: This study proposed a stepwise microwave synergistic pyrolysis (SMSP) approach to produce sludge-based biochar with immobilized heavy metals. The results showed that higher pre-pyrolysis temperature and longer time were more suitable for heavy metal immobilization through vitrification. The optimal sludge-based biochar had higher residual ratio, lower leaching ratio, and lower ecotoxicity risk compared to conventional sludge-based biochar.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malwina Tytla, Kamila Widziewicz-Rzonca, Zuzanna Bernas
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the heavy metal content in different forms of sewage sludge using conventional and ultrasound-assisted sequential extraction methods. The study found that ultrasound treatment shortened the extraction time and reduced energy consumption. The results suggest that ultrasound-assisted extraction is a fast and simple method for HM fractionation and can be considered as an alternative to conventional procedures.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xin Zhang, Baowei Zhao, Hui Liu, Yue Zhao, Liujun Li
Summary: The pyrolysis of sewage sludge into biochar is an effective way to achieve the harmless and resourceful utilization of sludge. This study investigated the relationship between pyrolysis temperatures and biochar properties, as well as the environmental risks associated with heavy metals. The findings provide insights into sludge management and the safe use of biochar in soil.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ibrahim Gbolahan Hakeem, Pobitra Halder, Savankumar Patel, Abhishek Sharma, Rajender Gupta, Aravind Surapaneni, Jorge Paz-Ferreiro, Kalpit Shah
Summary: Pre-treatment of biosolids can reduce the negative impact of inorganic matter during pyrolysis, leading to higher yield and quality of pyrolysis products. The removal of ash-forming elements improves organic matter devolatilization, resulting in higher bio-oil and lower biochar production. Pre-treatment also enhances biochar properties, increasing fixed carbon content, calorific value, fuel ratio, specific surface area, and porous structure formation.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jisong Bai, Quanwei Lv, Xin Fu, Jingyou Chen, Hong Wang, Shunhong Lin, Xiong Zhou
Summary: The catalytic pyrolysis of sewage sludge with self-derived char was investigated in this study. The results showed that char reforming improved the quality of bio-oil by increasing the aliphatic content and reducing the organic nitrogen species content. The temperature of reforming had an impact on the yields of bio-oil and gas, with the highest aliphatic content and lowest organic nitrogen species content obtained at 500 degrees C.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jaroslav Mosko, Michael Pohorely, Siarhei Skoblia, Radek Fajgar, Pavel Straka, Karel Soukup, Zdenek Beno, Josef Fartak, Olga Bicakova, Michal Jeremias, Michal Syc, Erik Meers
Summary: Pyrolysis of sewage sludge at 400-800 degrees C showed that increasing temperature led to higher phosphate and metaphosphate content, and lower reduced P species content; higher temperature also increased sulfide content and decreased sulfate and sulfite content; the effect on nitrogen species was minimal. Raman spectroscopy and NMR revealed significant contribution of graphite and (poly) aromatic hydrocarbons to the organic structure of sludge-chars.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jaroslav Mosko, Michal Jeremias, Siarhei Skoblia, Zdenek Beno, Vineet Singh Sikarwar, Matej Husek, Hailong Wang, Michael Pohorely
Summary: Residual moisture in pyrolyzed fuel affects the distribution and properties of pyrolysis products due to the concentration of steam in the primary pyrolysis gas. Using steam as a carrier gas results in significantly different product distribution and properties, especially at high temperatures. This approach offers a simplified way to predict and optimize pyrolysis products in large-scale units.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weihua Gu, Jiangshan Guo, Jianfeng Bai, Bin Dong, Jun Hu, Xuning Zhuang, Chenglong Zhang, Kaimin Shih
Summary: In this study, co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS) and Ca (H2PO4)(2) was conducted to produce biochar with stable heavy metals. Optimal co-pyrolysis conditions were determined as a blended ratio of 15% Ca(H2PO4)(2), a final temperature of 650 degrees C, a heating rate of 15 degrees C min(-1), and a retention time of 60 min. The potential stabilization mechanisms of heavy metals included increased biochar surface porosity, formation of metal phosphates, and reactions among inorganic substances, pyrolysis products, and heavy metals. The environmental risks posed by heavy metals were significantly reduced from 65.73 in SS to 4.39 in the biochar derived from co-pyrolysis with Ca(H2PO4)(2).
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Jian Zhang, Peng Gan, Tian Xie, Yang Liu, Hong-xiang Zhu
Summary: The mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in waste activated sludge were studied, and it was found that the solubility of organics increased at higher temperatures. The total contents of Cd, Pb, and Zn exceeded the standard threshold, and thermal pretreatment had limited impact on speciation distribution, except for Cr which showed potential mobilization risk.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marius Gheorghe Miricioiu, Anca Zaharioiu, Simona Oancea, Felicia Bucura, Maria Simona Raboaca, Constantin Filote, Roxana Elena Ionete, Violeta Carolina Niculescu, Marius Constantinescu
Summary: The study investigated the use of sewage-sludge-derived materials for CO2 adsorption, with promising results in terms of adsorption capacity. The materials were structurally and texturally characterized, and the efficiency of CO2 adsorption was evaluated using a homemade system coupled with a gas chromatograph. The study concluded that the sewage sludge derived material could be a promising solution for CO2 reduction and waste disposal.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rixiang Huang, Yuanzhi Tang, Lei Luo
Summary: This study compared the transformations of sulfur and several related metals during pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization treatments of sewage sludge, finding the formation of metal sulfides and thiophenes in both processes, with different sulfur species playing a critical role in regulating metal speciation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xingdong Wang, Victor Wei-Chung Chang, Zhiwei Li, Yang Song, Chunxing Li, Yin Wang
Summary: The study revealed that food waste digestate (FWD) as an additive can significantly reduce the heavy metal content in blended biochar, thereby improving its ecological risk index and phytotoxicity index.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hui Chen, Wei Wu, Dezhen Chen, Yuheng Feng
Summary: Sewage sludge char (SC) has potential as a reducing agent in flue gas cleaning systems by reducing NO to N2 at high temperatures. However, modifications are needed to enhance its carbon-deNOx performance. This study compared the carbon-deNOx performance of coal char (CC) and different types of SCs, including original (SC-R), pyrolytic volatiles activated (SC-V), and KOH activated (SC-K), in terms of NO removal rate and secondary pollution discharged.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)