Article
Energy & Fuels
Janakan S. Saral, Panneerselvam Ranganathan
Summary: In this study, catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina platensis using red mud as a catalyst was investigated. The catalyst significantly influenced the biocrude yield and quality, with process conditions such as temperature, reaction time, slurry concentration, and catalyst-to-biomass ratio playing important roles in maximizing the biocrude yield. By analyzing the biocrude components and investigating various process parameters, it was found that nitrogen-containing compounds were not prominent in biocrude from catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sherif Ishola Mustapha, Usman Aliyu Mohammed, Faizal Bux, Yusuf Makarfi Isa
Summary: The hydrothermal liquefaction of nutrient-stressed microalgae was investigated, and it was found that the addition of Zr-doped HZSM-5 catalyst resulted in increased bio-oil yield and improved characteristics.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Gurpreet Kaur Nagi, Mayurika Goel, Rahul Tiwari, Suchitra Bhawna, Suchitra Gaur, Nirupama Mallick, Shovon Mandal
Summary: This research aims to demonstrate the feasibility of producing bio-crude bio-oil and high-value products from microalgae using a circular biorefinery process. By cultivating marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica and extracting carotenoids using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, the study shows that bio-crude oil can be obtained from the residual biomass through hydrothermal liquefaction. The research highlights the potential of circular bioeconomy and biorefinery practices in developing sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions for the chemical and energy sectors.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Vinod Kumar, Prateek Gururani, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Afreen Parveen, Manisha Nanda, Anna Kurbatova, Pankaj Gautam, Anatoly Grigorenko
Summary: This research investigates the integration of microalgae culture with wastewater treatment and biomass bio-flocculation. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and sustainability of this approach, showing reduced nutrient load in wastewater and increased microalgae biomass production. The bio-harvested biomass can be used for the production of renewable biofuels.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tejas M. Ukarde, Hitesh S. Pawar, A. M. Joe Cyril Harrish, Vishwanath Haily Dalvi, Aniruddha B. Pandit
Summary: This manuscript elucidates the liquefaction kinetics of a PolyE-IL-catalyzed CTL process for organic biodegradable waste. The results show that the CTL process achieves high conversion (>80%) under specific operating conditions. The effects of reactor parameters such as slurry concentration, temperature, and time were investigated. The study provides insights into the reaction pathways and kinetics of the CTL process.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yingdong Zhou, Javier Remon, Jesus Gracia, Zhicheng Jiang, Jose Luis Pinilla, Changwei Hu, Isabel Suelves
Summary: This study explores the use of "sea-thermal" treatment of the microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris to produce energy-dense biofuels and value-added liquid products. The processing conditions and reaction medium were found to significantly affect the yields and properties of the products. Low temperatures and short reaction times favored the formation of biocrude, while high temperatures and prolonged processing times promoted the repolymerization of the biocrude to hydrochar. The salinity of the seawater also played a role in these transformations.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chandan Mahata, Sanjeev Mishra, Suman Dhar, Subhabrata Ray, Kaustubha Mohanty, Debabrata Das
Summary: This study focuses on developing a modified airlift photobioreactor (PBR) to address the challenges of efficient PBR development and reducing freshwater dependence. The modified PBR showed improved performance compared to the conventional PBR, achieving higher biomass concentration and productivity. The comprehensive characterization of the biomass confirmed its potential for bioenergy application.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Son Tang Nguyen, Tu Manh Le, Van Hieu Nguyen
Summary: The study found that using metallic Fe catalyst can enhance the hydrothermal liquefaction efficiency of Cladophora socialis macroalgae and increase the yield of biocrude, while reducing heteroatom contents. The Fe catalyst can also improve the stability and corrosiveness properties of biocrude.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
L. Matricon, A. Roubaud, G. Haarlemmer, C. Geantet
Summary: There is a growing interest in using microalgae as a source of biofuel due to their high productivity, lipid content, and ability to capture CO2. Among different methods, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process is favored. It involves converting microalgae into biocrude oil by heating them in hot compressed water. However, the biocrude oil derived from algae contains nitrogen compounds that are difficult to upgrade and affect the quality of biofuel. This review aims to summarize the nature and transformation of nitrogen compounds in algae during the HTL conversion process.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hugang Li, Maojiong Cao, Yuanhui Zhang, Zhidan Liu
Summary: Arsenic is a highly toxic metalloid that can migrate from microalgae to the liquid phase during hydrothermal liquefaction, with a majority existing as As(V) and As(III). Model experiments show that a significant portion of As(V) in feedstocks can unexpectedly convert into more toxic As(III), potentially due to the presence of oxygen-containing groups. The aqueous phase plays a role in facilitating the reduction reaction of As(V) to As(III) by providing a reducing environment and hydrogen donation.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Reza Moazezi, Hengameh Bayat, Omid Tavakoli, Ahmad Hallajisani
Summary: This study focuses on optimizing the yield and performance of bio-oil from hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlorella vulgaris, a type of microalgae. By manipulating reaction conditions, using catalysts, and employing thermodynamic modeling, the researchers successfully improved the bio-oil production process.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nishesh Sharma, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Vinod Kumar, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Manisha Nanda, Indra Rautela, Mahipal Singh Tomar, Waseem Ahmad
Summary: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is considered an effective technology for biooil production, with algae biomass being recognized as one of the most suitable feedstocks. The choice of temperature, retention time, and catalyst significantly affect the efficiency of HTL products, with a temperature range around 280 +/- 40 degrees C being reported as the most suitable for maximum bio-oil yield. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts have been used to improve bio-oil generation, with heterogeneous catalysts preferred for their advantages such as improved bio-oil yield, easy recovery, and eco-friendly approach.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beatriz Egerland Bueno, Diana Quispe-Arpasi, Lais Americo Soares, Isabel Kimiko Sakamoto, Maria Bernadete Amancio Varesche, Rogers Ribeiro, Giovana Tommaso
Summary: Anaerobic digestion is a potential method for treating post-hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater (PHWW) due to its rich nutrients and organic compounds. Using immobilized biomass can improve methane production and volatile fatty acid balance. Continuous treatment in a horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) reactor can achieve efficient COD removal for different volumetric organic load rates.
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jennifer Sanchez-Laso, Juan J. Espada, Rosalia Rodriguez, Gemma Vicente, Luis Fernando Bautista
Summary: A new biorefinery utilizing Arthrospira platensis was developed to extract phycocyanin (PC) and produce biocrude through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The use of a reusable ionic liquid [EMIM][EtSO4] allowed for the extraction of PC with high purity. Two downstream processes were used to further purify the PC, resulting in analytical grade purity suitable for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. The waste biomass from PC extraction was valorized through HTL, with the addition of isopropanol leading to a significant increase in biocrude yield and composition.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nida Khan, K. Sudhakar, R. Mamat
Summary: This research aims to provide simple and dependable analytical techniques for measuring the thermal characteristics of dried seaweed and investigates the thermal characteristics of four seaweed species. The results suggest that macroalgae is a promising sustainable biomass feedstock for biofuel application.
JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Panneerselvam Ranganathan, Sivaraman Savithri
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohammad Ashraf Hossain, Seyed Ali Nabavi, Panneerselvam Ranganathan, Laszlo Konozsy, Vasilije Manovic
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bindhu Sunilkumar Lekshmi, Ajeet Singh Yadav, Panneerselvam Ranganathan, Subramanyan Namboodiri Varanakkottu
Article
Energy & Fuels
Panneerselvam Ranganathan
Summary: In this study, a preliminary techno-economic analysis is conducted for the production of second-generation ethanol from rice straw, considering various pathways. The material and energy balances are performed, and the economic analysis is carried out using discounted cash flow method. The results show different minimum selling prices for ethanol under different scenarios. Lastly, a sensitivity analysis is performed to identify key parameters affecting the process economics.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Janakan S. Saral, Panneerselvam Ranganathan
Summary: In this study, catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina platensis using red mud as a catalyst was investigated. The catalyst significantly influenced the biocrude yield and quality, with process conditions such as temperature, reaction time, slurry concentration, and catalyst-to-biomass ratio playing important roles in maximizing the biocrude yield. By analyzing the biocrude components and investigating various process parameters, it was found that nitrogen-containing compounds were not prominent in biocrude from catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Panneerselvam Ranganathan
Summary: This study investigates the fluid dynamic and mass transfer behaviors of a gassed oscillatory baffled column using a computational fluid dynamics-population balance model. The liquid flow behavior and power dissipation rate of the column are studied, and the model predictions are validated with experimental data. The study also focuses on predicting gas holdup, bubble size distribution, and volumetric mass transfer coefficient in the column and compares the results with experimental data. Additionally, the study extends to the flow dynamics of an oscillatory inclined baffled column, which shows a lower power dissipation rate compared to the conventional column.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Janakan S. Saral, Dekketi G. C. Vikram Reddy, Panneerselvam Ranganathan
Summary: This study investigated the hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina platensis. By developing a kinetic model and calculating the activation energy, it was found that the hydrothermal liquefaction process is feasible for biofuel generation from algal biomass.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Panneerselvam Ranganathan
Summary: This study investigates the techno-economic evaluation of renewable fuels production from sewage sludge using hydrothermal liquefaction method. The process design includes wastewater treatment, hydrothermal liquefaction, hydroprocessing, and hydrogen production. A steady-state simulation is conducted to predict mass and energy flow rates, and an economic calculation is performed to obtain a minimum selling price (MSP) of the renewable fuels at $4.04/GGE. Sensitivity analysis shows that biocrude yield and operating cost significantly affect the MSP. This study provides feasibility for large-scale production and guides future plant design/optimization, driving research towards a circular economy.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)