Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ioannis G. Lempesis, Samuel J. Apple, Gustavo Duarte, Leonidas Palaiodimos, Dimitrios Rafail Kalaitzopoulos, Maria Dalamaga, Damianos G. Kokkinidis
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy that affects many women of reproductive age, involving hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance. SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are a potential novel treatment option for PCOS, offering improvements in hormonal and metabolic parameters. Studies have shown reductions in body mass index, waist and hip circumference, fat mass, as well as improvements in insulin and androgen levels and blood pressure. This review aims to summarize the manifestations and mechanisms of PCOS-related cardiovascular disease and critically analyze the cardiometabolic and hormonal outcomes of recent studies on SGLT2i use in women with PCOS.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sebastiao Freitas de Medeiros, Marcia Marly Winck Yamamoto, Matheus Antonio Souto de Medeiros, Ana Karine Lin Winck Yamamoto, Bruna Barcelo Barbosa
Summary: This comprehensive review evaluates the relationship between COVID-19 and the metabolic and endocrine characteristics commonly found in women with PCOS. It suggests that women with PCOS are at higher risk for acquiring COVID-19 and developing more severe clinical presentations.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Congshun Ma, Qianru Xiang, Ge Song, Xuefei Wang
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive endocrine disease with no specific drug treatment. Quercetin (QUR), a flavonoid, has potential therapeutic effects for PCOS patients. However, the mechanisms of QUR in PCOS patients remain unclear.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kexin Wang, Yanhua Li
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. The etiologies of this syndrome are complex and involve prenatal factors, genetic variation, epigenetic mechanisms, unhealthy lifestyles, and environmental toxins. This review examines the molecular mechanisms underlying PCOS pathogenesis at the level of signaling pathways and discusses potential therapies including exosome therapy, gene therapy, and drugs based on traditional Chinese medicine and natural compounds.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Si-wei Zhang, Jing Zhou, Hans-Jurgen Gober, Wing Ting Leung, Ling Wang
Summary: PCOS is a common disorder in women of reproductive age, affecting their physiology and metabolism, and often leading to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance; Berberine can intervene in the development of PCOS in multiple ways, including alleviating insulin resistance, reducing androgen levels, regulating lipid metabolism, and reducing inflammation.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jin Yu, Yulai Zhou, Jie Ding, Danying Zhang, Chaoqin Yu, Hefeng Huang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the metabolic characteristics of overweight women with PCOS and analyze the possible mechanisms. The results showed that overweight PCOS patients were prone to hypertension, diabetes, low gonadal levels, and insulin resistance. Inflammatory cytokines CXCL12/SDF-1, Serpin E1/PAI-1, and MIF were predicted to play a crucial role in inducing insulin resistance in overweight PCOS through various biological functions and signal transductions.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Meihe Li, Shan Gao, Minchao Kang, Xuan Zhang, Ping Lan, Xiaoling Wu, Xiaofei Yan, Huimin Dang, Jin Zheng
Summary: This study used metabolomic and bioinformatic methods to screen key molecules and pathways involved in PCOS-IR, and found that PM20D1 and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway play important roles in PCOS-IR. Experimental results showed that PM20D1 levels were reduced in insulin-resistant cells and PCOS-IR rat models, leading to inhibited reproductive function and abnormal endocrine metabolism. The loss of adipocyte PM20D1 aggravated insulin resistance. Furthermore, PM20D1 and PI3K interacted with each other in the PCOS-IR model. Overall, by upregulating the expression of PM20D1, quercitrin activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, improved adipocyte catabolism, and had a therapeutic effect on PCOS-IR by correcting reproductive and metabolic abnormalities.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Claudia Vetrani, Annamaria Docimo, Giulia de Alteriis, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of different chronotype categories in women with PCOS and their impact on hormonal and metabolic aspects. The findings showed a higher prevalence of evening chronotype in women with PCOS, which was associated with worse hormonal and metabolic profiles.
JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Carolyn Guan, Salman Zahid, Anum S. Minhas, Pamela Ouyang, Arthur Vaught, Valerie L. Baker, Erin D. Michos
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is a lack of consistent definitions and research results, and further studies are needed to determine the association and causality. In clinical practice, CVD risk screening should be performed, and lifestyle management and pharmacotherapy should be implemented as appropriate.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Pratip Chakraborty, Imon Mitra, Shovandeb Kalapahar, Sunita Sharma, Ratna Chattopadhyay, Baidyanath Chakravarty
Summary: In patients with PCOS, hyperhomocysteinemia may be related to spontaneous miscarriage and subsequent metabolic disturbances.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Noha M. Shawky
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women, characterized by reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. Offspring of PCOS women may have increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Limited studies have been conducted on the long-term risks of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in PCOS offspring.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Manuel R. Garcia-Saenz, Miry Lobaton-Ginsberg, Claudia Ramirez-Renteria, Nitzia Lopez-Juarez, Renata Saucedo, Jorge Valencia-Ortega, Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The results showed a prevalence of 39% for PCOS in T1D patients, and significant differences were found between patients with and without PCOS in terms of insulin usage, glucose levels, ovarian volume, and Ferriman-Gallwey scores. Additionally, PCOS women had a higher incidence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra E. Butler, Abu Saleh Md Moin, Zeljko Reiner, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: Proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate the mechanism of dyslipidemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and whether it is related to obesity and insulin resistance (IR) or intrinsic to PCOS. The analysis revealed altered levels of certain proteins associated with lipid metabolism in PCOS women, suggesting increased cardiovascular risk even in the absence of obesity and IR.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lucas Bandeira Marchesan, Ramon Bossardi Ramos, Poli Mara Spritzer
Summary: The metabolic profiles of women with PCOS in Latin America are worse than those without PCOS in the same region, with higher anthropometric and metabolic parameters. Further studies evaluating metabolic comorbidities and distinct PCOS phenotypes in different Latin American countries are needed for primary and secondary prevention of PCOS in the region.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hannah E. Young, Wendy E. Ward
Summary: Women with PCOS may have long-term metabolic consequences and be at risk for chronic diseases such as osteoporosis and periodontal disease. Further research is needed to clarify the risks associated with aging in PCOS and provide direction for future studies.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)