Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniela Boschetti, Cynthia R. Muller, Anna Laura V. Americo, Bruno Vecchiatto, Luiz Felipe Martucci, Renata O. Pereira, Claudia P. Oliveira, Patricia Fiorino, Fabiana S. Evangelista, Anna Karenina Azevedo-Martins
Summary: This study examined the effects of aerobic physical exercise on obese female mice. The results showed that aerobic exercise did not reduce body weight gain, but did improve adipocyte size, exercise tolerance, and glucose metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jiexiu Zhao, Yiwei Feng, Zhijian Rao, Han Li, Jincheng Xu, Shuqiang Cui, Lili Lai
Summary: This study investigated the effects of exercise combined with heat treatment on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle of obese rats. The results showed that this combination approach effectively improved insulin resistance by regulating HSF1/HSP27 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways in the slow-twitch muscle. Importantly, exercise combined with heat treatment was more effective than either intervention alone in improving insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria E. Casado, Sandra Canelles, Eduardo Arilla-Ferreiro, Laura M. M. Frago, Vicente Barrios
Summary: Leptin can regulate lipid metabolism and reduce adipose tissue stores by inhibiting food intake and altering adipocyte sensitivity to insulin. This study investigated the effects of chronic central leptin administration on lipid metabolism and inflammatory- and insulin-signaling pathways in epididymal adipose tissue. Changes were observed in the expression of key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, as well as insulin-signaling targets and inflammatory markers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hsiang-Han Kao, Hua-Shui Hsu, Tai-Hsien Wu, Hui-Fen Chiang, Hui-Ying Huang, Hui-Ju Wang, Gloria Yang, Wen-Yuan Lin
Summary: Both high-intensity and low-intensity exercise patterns benefit insulin sensitivity, with significant improvements in the obese group observed with short-duration high-intensity exercise. The adiponectin/leptin ratio increased significantly only among normal weight participants with the low-intensity exercise intervention.
OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martina Chiriaco, Lorenzo Nesti, Allan Flyvbjerg, Alain Golay, Julie-Anne Nazare, Christian-Heinz Anderwald, Asimina Mitrakou, Roberto Bizzotto, Andrea Mari, Andrea Natali
Summary: The impact of obesity on glucose homeostasis varies greatly among individuals, which may be attributed to different concentrations of adipokines. Subjects with inappropriately elevated leptin levels for their fat mass show whole-body/adipose tissue insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, regardless of BMI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zahra Hoseini, Nasser Behpour, Rastegar Hoseini
Summary: This study found that exercise training and vitamin D supplementation can improve liver function in type 2 diabetic rats and attenuate insulin resistance by upregulating Akt expression and downregulating PEPCK and G6Pase expressions.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dina Medina-Vera, Juan Antonio Navarro, Ruben Tovar, Cristina Rosell-Valle, Alfonso Gutierrez-Adan, Juan Carlos Ledesma, Carlos Sanjuan, Francisco Javier Pavon, Elena Baixeras, Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca, Juan Decara
Summary: The study demonstrates that DPIN activates the insulin pathway in the hypothalamus through the PI3K/Akt cascade, leading to phosphorylation of key proteins and a decrease in circulating insulin levels. This indicates that DPIN may be a potential treatment for brain insulin-resistance associated disorders by enhancing insulin response beyond the insulin receptor.
Article
Cell Biology
Lili Feng, Bowen Li, Yue Xi, Mengxin Cai, Zhenjun Tian
Summary: This study found that aerobic exercise and resistance exercise effectively alleviated skeletal muscle atrophy in MI mice by regulating the IGF-1 pathway. Exercise promoted myogenesis, protein synthesis, reduced protein degradation, and cell apoptosis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Medha Sharma, Chinmoy Sankar Dey
Summary: The study aimed to determine the role of Akt isoforms in insulin signaling and resistance in neuronal cells. The findings suggest that Akt2 plays a major role in regulating glucose uptake under insulin-sensitive conditions, while Akt1 and Akt3 have compensatory roles in neuronal insulin signaling, glucose uptake, and insulin-resistance. The differential translocation of Akt isoforms to the plasma membrane post-insulin stimulation is a key factor in determining Akt isoform specificity.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lucelia Scarabeli Silva Barroso, Marcelo Henrique Salviano Faria, Antonio Felipe Souza-Gomes, Joao Luis Vieira Monteiro Barros, Adriana Maria Kakehasi, Erica Leandro Marciano Vieira, Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva, Albena Nunes-Silva
Summary: Adipose tissue produces and releases adipokines, and exercise can modulate adipokine production in adipocytes. The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of strength training on plasma levels of adiponectin, leptin, and resistin. The results showed that strength training acutely and chronically affected the levels of adipokines in the blood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chia-Wen Lu, Kuen-Cheh Yang, Yu-Chiao Chi, Tsan-Yu Wu, Chien-Hsieh Chiang, Hao-Hsiang Chang, Kuo-Chin Huang, Wei-Shiung Yang
Summary: Lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is similar to overweight NAFLD and should be detected early. The adiponectin-leptin ratio (AL ratio) may serve as a reliable marker for early detection of lean NAFLD independent of insulin resistance.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jean-Pascal De Bandt, Charlotte Monin
Summary: Obesity is a risk factor for severe complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as excess fat mass can alter the immune system, leading to chronic systemic inflammation and increased susceptibility to infections. In obese individuals, chronic inflammatory state during COVID-19 can promote cytokine shock, exacerbate endothelial inflammation, and increase the risk of severe complications with cardiovascular involvement, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and disseminated intravascular coagulation, potentially leading to multiple organ failure and death.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marzieh Montazeri, Maryam Zarkesh, Azita Zadeh-Vakili, Davood Khalili, Monireh Movahedi, Alireza Khalaj
Summary: This study examined the association between PI3K and Akt expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue with daily physical activity in non-diabetic obese and non-obese adults. The results showed that obese individuals had lower VAT PI3K expression but higher SAT PI3K expression in active individuals. There was also an increase in VAT Akt expression in active participants. These findings suggest that physical activity has beneficial effects for obese individuals through the acceleration of the PI3K/Akt pathway in adipose tissue.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Jin Peng, Lijun Yin, Xiaohui Wang
Summary: Obesity is strongly linked to leptin resistance, and reducing leptin resistance is crucial for obesity treatment. Leptin resistance occurs primarily in the central and peripheral tissues, with mechanisms that are not fully understood, while exercise serves as an effective method to alleviate leptin resistance.
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Susan Gottlieb, Jacquie S. Rand, Katsumi Ishioka, Daniel A. Dias, Berin A. Boughton, Ute Roessner, Ziad Ramadan, Stephen T. Anderson
Summary: This study compared insulin, adiponectin, leptin, and measures of insulin sensitivity between diabetic cats in remission and healthy control cats, and investigated their associations with serum metabolites. The results showed that insulin resistance persists in diabetic remission cats, indicating the importance of managing insulin resistance in cats in remission.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)