Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Artur de la Villarmois, V. V. Guzman, J. K. Jorgensen, L. E. Kristensen, E. A. Bergin, D. Harsono, N. Sakai, E. F. van Dishoeck, S. Yamamoto
Summary: This article assesses the process of material transfer from the infalling envelope to the disk and the resulting chemical consequences by studying the protostar Oph-IRS 44. The study finds that accretion shocks are the main cause of the emission of SO2, which is released from dust grains as the dust temperature increases.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Artur de la Villarmois, V. V. Guzman, Y. -l. Yang, Y. Zhang, N. Sakai
Summary: In this study, an unbiased survey of simple sulfur-bearing species in protostars was conducted, revealing variations in detection rates and molecular column densities. The presence of organic molecules and the emission direction were found to be related to these compounds. Moreover, the differences in SO2 abundances among different star-forming regions may be attributed to external UV radiation.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shota Notsu, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Catherine Walsh, Arthur D. Bosman, Hideko Nomura
Summary: X-ray strongly affects the abundances of water and related oxygen-bearing species in low-mass protostellar envelopes, mainly through ion-molecule reactions and X-ray-induced photodissociation of gas-phase water molecules within the water snowline.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Leemker, A. S. Booth, E. F. van Dishoeck, N. van der Marel, B. Tabone, N. F. W. Ligterink, N. G. C. Brunken, M. R. Hogerheijde
Summary: The first detection of nitric oxide (NO) in a protoplanetary disk, Oph-IRS 48, is reported. The presence of NO is found to be related to the sublimation of nitrogen-bearing ices in the dust trap, while the CN molecule in the disk is not detected. These findings provide constraints on the C/O ratio inside and outside the dust trap.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Harsono, M. H. D. van der Wiel, P. Bjerkeli, J. P. Ramsey, H. Calcutt, L. E. Kristensen, J. K. Jorgensen
Summary: The study reveals that the majority of planet-forming material enters the disk unaltered from its surrounding envelope. Differences in HCN and H2O molecular abundances between the disk around TMC1A, Class II disks, and Solar System objects trace the chemical evolution during disk and planet formation.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. F. van Dishoeck, L. E. Kristensen, J. C. Mottram, A. O. Benz, E. A. Bergin, P. Caselli, F. Herpin, M. R. Hogerheijde, D. Johnstone, R. Liseau, B. Nisini, M. Tafalla, F. F. S. van der Tak, F. Wyrowski, A. Baudry, M. Benedettini, P. Bjerkeli, G. A. Blake, J. Braine, S. Bruderer, S. Cabrit, J. Cernicharo, Y. Choi, A. Coutens, Th de Graauw, C. Dominik, D. Fedele, M. Fich, A. Fuente, K. Furuya, J. R. Goicoechea, D. Harsono, F. P. Helmich, G. J. Herczeg, T. Jacq, A. Karska, M. Kaufman, E. Keto, T. Lamberts, B. Larsson, S. Leurini, D. C. Lis, G. Melnick, D. Neufeld, L. Pagani, M. Persson, R. Shipman, V Taquet, T. A. van Kempen, C. Walsh, S. F. Wampfler, U. Yildiz
Summary: The WISH project aims to observe and quantify the distribution of water in various star-forming environments and sheds light on the origins and distribution of water in space. The study reveals that most of the far-infrared water emission originates from warm outflowing and shocked gas, which is heated by kinetic energy dissipation. Water acts as a significant coolant in the earliest stages of protostellar development, with universally low warm gas water abundances observed.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Leemker, M. L. R. van 't Hoff, L. Trapman, M. L. van Gelder, M. R. Hogerheijde, D. Ruiz-Rodriguez, E. F. van Dishoeck
Summary: The research investigates the tracing of the water snowline in protoplanetary disks using HCO+ and (HCO+)-C-13 as potential tracers, but highlights challenges in observing and confirming the water snowline's location.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jeroen Terwisscha van Scheltinga, Michiel R. Hogerheijde, L. Ilsedore Cleeves, Ryan A. Loomis, Catherine Walsh, Karin I. Oberg, Edwin A. Bergin, Jennifer B. Bergner, Geoffrey A. Blake, Jenny K. Calahan, Paolo Cazzoletti, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Viviana V. Guzman, Jane Huang, Mihkel Kama, Chunhua Qi, Richard Teague, David J. Wilner
Summary: This study presents spatially resolved observations of multiple ortho- and para-H2CO transitions in the TW Hya protoplanetary disk, suggesting that gas-phase formation may be responsible for the observed H2CO across the disk.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Feng Long, Arthur D. Bosman, Paolo Cazzoletti, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Karin I. Oberg, Stefano Facchini, Marco Tazzari, Viviana V. Guzman, Leonardo Testi
Summary: The study investigates HNC and HCN line emission in protoplanetary disks using the DALI model, finding brighter line emission in models with larger disk flaring angles and higher UV fluxes. HNC and HCN are predicted to be abundant in the warm surface layer and outer midplane region, resulting in ring-shaped emission patterns. The HNC-to-HCN line intensity ratio increases with radius, affected by UV flux and C and O abundances.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. D. Priestley, P. C. Clark, S. C. O. Glover, S. E. Ragan, O. Feher, L. R. Prole, R. S. Klessen
Summary: The study finds that molecular species commonly assumed to trace the dense, star-forming component of molecular clouds actually exist in material transiently enhanced in density. Only N2H+ exists in detectable quantities above a certain volume density, and N2H+ emission can be used to predict star formation in molecular clouds.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zainab Awad, Audrey Coutens, Serena Viti, Jonathan Holdship
Summary: The study investigated the formation mechanism of interstellar methyl formate and its deuterated isotopologues using a gas-grain chemical model. It was found that radical-radical association on grains and H-D substitution reactions play crucial roles in the formation of these molecules in low-mass star-forming regions. Additional experimental and theoretical studies are needed for a better understanding of the interstellar formation of these species.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. Riviere-Marichalar, A. Fuente, G. Esplugues, V. Wakelam, R. le Gal, C. Baruteau, A. Ribas, E. Macias, R. Neri, D. Navarro-Almaida
Summary: This study investigates the abundance of sulfuretted species and their contribution to the sulfur budget in the region surrounding AB Aur. The results show that H2S is an important sulfur carrier in the protoplanetary disk. The observed abundances are still far from the cosmic sulfur abundance, indicating the need for further research.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. Mininni, F. Fontani, A. Sanchez-Monge, V. M. Rivilla, M. T. Beltran, S. Zahorecz, K. Immer, A. Giannetti, P. Caselli, L. Colzi, L. Testi, D. Elia
Summary: The TOPGot project aims to study high-mass star-forming regions in different evolutionary stages, analyzing molecular species and identifying chemical tracers. By analyzing spectral energy distributions and CH3CN emission, physical parameters of the sources were derived, and CH3CN abundance was found to be a useful indicator for early stages of high-mass star-forming regions.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Grigorii Smirnov-Pinchukov, Tamara Molyarova, Dmitry A. Semenov, Vitaly V. Akimkin, Sierk van Terwisga, Riccardo Francheschi, Thomas Henning
Summary: The fast forward modeling of chemical composition in protoplanetary disks is crucial for analyzing astronomical observations. By training a machine learning algorithm, it is possible to accurately predict the chemistry of different disk models using only a small subset of physical conditions.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Charles Yin, Felix D. Priestley, James Wurster
Summary: Determining the importance of magnetic fields in star-forming environments is hindered by the challenge of accurately measuring both field strength and gas properties in molecular clouds. By simulating pre-stellar cores and varying the initial mass-to-flux ratio, significant changes were observed in the intensity and shape of several key molecular lines, leading to the identification of promising diagnostics of the initial mass-to-flux ratio. Despite being magnetically supercritical at present, the criteria suggest that L1498 formed from subcritical initial conditions.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patrick Munk, Christian Brinch, Frederik Duus Moller, Thomas N. Petersen, Rene S. Hendriksen, Anne Mette Seyfarth, Jette S. Kjeldgaard, Christina Aaby Svendsen, Bram van Bunnik, Fanny Berglund, D. G. Joakim Larsson, Marion Koopmans, Mark Woolhouse, Frank M. Aarestrup
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. K. McClure, W. R. M. Rocha, K. M. Pontoppidan, N. Crouzet, L. E. U. Chu, E. Dartois, T. Lamberts, J. A. Noble, Y. J. Pendleton, G. Perotti, D. Qasim, M. G. Rachid, Z. L. Smith, Fengwu Sun, Tracy L. Beck, A. C. A. Boogert, W. A. Brown, P. Caselli, S. B. Charnley, Herma M. Cuppen, H. Dickinson, M. N. Drozdovskaya, E. Egami, J. Erkal, H. Fraser, R. T. Garrod, D. Harsono, S. Ioppolo, I. Jimenez-Serra, M. Jin, J. K. Jorgensen, L. E. Kristensen, D. C. Lis, M. R. S. McCoustra, Brett A. McGuire, G. J. Melnick, Karin I. Oberg, M. E. Palumbo, T. Shimonishi, J. A. Sturm, E. F. van Dishoeck, H. Linnartz
Summary: Icy grain mantles in interstellar clouds are important reservoirs of volatile elements that connect chemical processes with planet formation and atmospheric composition. Results from the Ice Age program using the James Webb Space Telescope reveal the rich composition of these dense cloud ices, showing the detection of weak ice features and complex organic molecules. The study suggests that simple and complex molecules can form early in ice-rich environments and JWST can trace the molecules seen in planetary atmospheres back to their origins in interstellar clouds.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. M. Dutkowska, L. E. Kristensen
Summary: By tracing the molecular outflow emission, the star-forming activity within galactic star-forming regions can be measured. The protostellar outflow emission can be used as a tracer of the star-formation rate (SFR). In this study, a newly developed model is used to relate molecular emission to the SFR, and it is found that the current model underestimates the galactic emission and overestimates the SFR.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. E. Kristensen, B. Godard, P. Guillard, A. Gusdorf, G. Pineau des Forets
Summary: Molecular hydrogen (H-2) is the most abundant molecule in the Universe. Researchers investigated H-2 excitation using shock models and found that the strength of the transverse magnetic field plays a key role in H-2 excitation. They also observed that an increase in the input kinetic energy flux and an external UV field can enhance the excitation of H-2.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. Le, A. Karska, M. Figueira, M. Sewilo, A. Mirocha, Ch. Fischer, M. Kazmierczak-Barthel, R. Klein, M. Gawronski, M. Koprowski, K. Kowalczyk, W. J. Fischer, K. M. Menten, F. Wyrowski, C. Konig, L. E. Kristensen
Summary: This study focuses on the FIR line emission, CO rotational temperature, UV radiation field, and H2 number density toward Gy 3-7. The results suggest that gas cooling via FIR lines in Gy 3-7 is not dependent on metallicity.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Amalia Bogri, Saria Otani, Frank M. Aarestrup, Christian Brinch
Summary: The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria threatens global health, but the link between antimicrobial use and resistance is complex. We developed a theoretical model to explore how the prevalence of resistance is influenced by antimicrobial use, bacterial transmission, and the fitness cost of resistance. Our results show that transmission plays a crucial role in the dissemination of resistant bacteria and can increase resistance levels. Surprisingly, high transmission frequencies can reduce resistance prevalence when the cost of resistance is low. Transmission between host populations leads to more similar resistance levels, making the population with higher antimicrobial use more susceptible. Our findings provide insights into the non-linear relationship between bacterial transmission, strain fitness, and resistance prevalence.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yusuke Aso, Woojin Kwon, Nagayoshi Ohashi, Jes K. Jorgensen, John J. Tobin, Yuri Aikawa, Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Ilseung Han, Miyu Kido, Patrick M. Koch, Shih-Ping Lai, Chang Won Lee, Jeong-Eun Lee, Zhi-Yun Li, Zhe-Yu Daniel Lin, Leslie W. Looney, Suchitra Narayanan, Nguyen Thi Phuong, Jinshi Sai (Insa Choi), Kazuya Saigo, Alejandro Santamaria-Miranda, Rajeeb Sharma, Shigehisa Takakuwa, Travis J. Thieme, Kengo Tomida, Jonathan P. Williams, Hsi-Wei Yen
Summary: To accurately estimate the mass of a protostar, the ALMA telescope was used to observe IRAS 16253-2429, and the Keplerian rotation method was applied to determine the central stellar mass and disk radius.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jinshi (Insa Choi) Sai, Hsi-Wei Yen, Nagayoshi Ohashi, John J. Tobin, Jes K. Jorgensen, Shigehisa Takakuwa, Kazuya Saigo, Yusuke Aso, Zhe-Yu Daniel Lin, Patrick M. Koch, Yuri Aikawa, Christian Flores, Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Ilseung Han, Miyu Kido, Woojin Kwon, Shih-Ping Lai, Chang Won Lee, Jeong-Eun Lee, Zhi-Yun Li, Leslie W. Looney, Shoji Mori, Nguyen Thi Phuong, Alejandro Santamaria-Miranda, Rajeeb Sharma, Travis J. Thieme, Kengo Tomida, Jonathan P. Williams
Summary: In this study, the Class 0/I protostellar system Ced110 IRS4 was observed using ALMA, revealing it as a binary system with a separation of 250 au. The continuum emission from the main source and its companion indicates disk-like structures, likely dust disks. The main source Ced110 IRS4A shows a disk-like structure with bumps along its major axis.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Miyu Kido, Shigehisa Takakuwa, Kazuya Saigo, Nagayoshi Ohashi, John J. Tobin, Jes K. Jorgensen, Yuri Aikawa, Yusuke Aso, Frankie J. Encalada, Christian Flores, Sacha Gavino, Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Ilseung Han, Shingo Hirano, Patrick M. Koch, Woojin Kwon, Shih-Ping Lai, Chang Won Lee, Jeong-Eun Lee, Zhi-Yun Li, Zhe-Yu Daniel Lin, Leslie W. Looney, Shoji Mori, Suchitra Narayanan, Adele L. Plunkett, Nguyen Thi Phuong, Jinshi Sai (Insa Choi), Alejandro Santamaria-Miranda, Rajeeb Sharma, Patrick D. Sheehan, Travis J. Thieme, Kengo Tomida, Merel L. R. van 't Hoff, Jonathan P. Williams, Yoshihide Yamato, Hsi-Wei Yen
Summary: We report observations of Class 0 protostar IRAS 16544-1604 in CB 68 using ALMA's Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk) program. The observations reveal a dusty protostellar disk with a radius of about 30 au, seen close to edge-on, and asymmetric structures along both major and minor axes. Gas in the disk follows a Keplerian rotation pattern, and there are streamer-like features connecting from different directions to the disk, as well as bending outflows. The detection of specific molecules at the tip of one streamer suggests the presence of accretion shocks.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yoshihide Yamato, Yuri Aikawa, Nagayoshi Ohashi, John J. Tobin, Jes K. Jorgensen, Shigehisa Takakuwa, Yusuke Aso, Jinshi Sai (Insa Choi), Christian Flores, Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Shingo Hirano, Ilseung Han, Miyu Kido, Patrick M. Koch, Woojin Kwon, Shih-Ping Lai, Chang Won Lee, Jeong-Eun Lee, Zhi-Yun Li, Zhe-Yu Daniel Lin, Leslie W. Looney, Shoji Mori, Suchitra Narayanan, Nguyen Thi Phuong, Kazuya Saigo, Alejandro Santamaria-Miranda, Rajeeb Sharma, Travis J. Thieme, Kengo Tomida, Merel L. R. van 't Hoff, Hsi-Wei Yen
Summary: Constraining the physical and chemical structure of young embedded disks is crucial for understanding the earliest stages of planet formation. High-resolution observations reveal a ring-like structure and a possible gap-ring structure in the disk. These findings suggest the presence of a planet or companion with an inclined orbit or a gradual change in the angular momentum axis during gas infall.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Merel L. R. van't Hoff, John J. Tobin, Zhi-Yun Li, Nagayoshi Ohashi, Jes K. Jorgensen, Zhe-Yu Daniel Lin, Yuri Aikawa, Yusuke Aso, Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Sacha Gavino, Ilseung Han, Patrick M. Koch, Woojin Kwon, Chang Won Lee, Jeong-Eun Lee, Leslie W. Looney, Suchitra Narayanan, Adele Plunkett, Jinshi Sai (Insa Choi), Alejandro Santamaria-Miranda, Rajeeb Sharma, Patrick D. Sheehan, Shigehisa Takakuwa, Travis J. Thieme, Jonathan P. Williams, Shih-Ping Lai, Nguyen Thi Phuong, Hsi-Wei Yen
Summary: Studying the physical and chemical conditions of young embedded disks is crucial for understanding the initial conditions of planet formation. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, this study observed the dust continuum and molecular line emission from the Class 0 protostar L1527 IRS. The results showed smooth continuum emission without substructures, and detected multiple molecular species that indicate a temperature increase in the disk-envelope interface.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Rajeeb Sharma, Jes K. Jorgensen, Sacha Gavino, Nagayoshi Ohashi, John J. Tobin, Zhe-Yu Daniel Lin, Zhi-Yun Li, Shigehisa Takakuwa, Chang Won Lee, Jinshi Sai (Insa Choi), Woojin Kwon, Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Alejandro Santamaria-Miranda, Hsi-Wei Yen, Yuri Aikawa, Yusuke Aso, Shih-Ping Lai, Jeong-Eun Lee, Leslie W. Looney, Nguyen Thi Phuong, Travis J. Thieme, Jonathan P. Williams
Summary: In this study, high-resolution and high-sensitivity observations were used to reveal the flattened continuum structure and brightness asymmetry of the protostar RCrA IRS5N. The analysis of the emission signals led to estimations of the disk mass and the observation of material transport.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nagayoshi Ohashi, John J. J. Tobin, Jes K. K. Jorgensen, Shigehisa Takakuwa, Patrick Sheehan, Yuri Aikawa, Zhi-Yun Li, Leslie W. W. Looney, Jonathan P. P. Williams, Yusuke Aso, Rajeeb Sharma, Jinshi Sai (Insa Choi), Yoshihide Yamato, Jeong-Eun Lee, Kengo Tomida, Hsi-Wei Yen, Frankie J. J. Encalada, Christian Flores, Sacha Gavino, Miyu Kido, Ilseung L. Han, Zhe-Yu Daniel Lin, Suchitra Narayanan, Nguyen Thi Phuong, Alejandro Santamaria-Miranda, Travis J. J. Thieme, Merel L. R. van 't Hoff, Itziar de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Patrick M. Koch, Woojin Kwon, Shih-Ping Lai, Chang Won Lee, Adele Plunkett, Kazuya Saigo, Shingo Hirano, Ka Ho Lam, Shoji Mori
Summary: We present an overview of the Large Program, Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk), conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The program aims to search for substructures in disks around 12 Class 0 and 7 Class I protostars in nearby star-forming regions. The initial results show that the dust disks around the sample protostars have relatively few distinctive substructures, in contrast to Class II disks, which suggests that substructures quickly develop in disks when the systems evolve from protostars to Class II sources, or that high optical depth of the continuum emission could obscure internal structures.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Alexander Egeberg, Lars Erik Kristensen, Luis Puig, Phoebe Rich, Saxon D. Smith, Alyssa Garrelts, Kyoungah See, Thorsten Holzkaemper, Konstantinos Fotiou, Christopher Schuster
Summary: Two network meta-analyses were conducted to compare the efficacy of biologics in treating nail psoriasis. The results showed that ixekizumab had the highest probability of achieving complete resolution of nail psoriasis.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT
(2023)