Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathalie di Clemente, Chrystele Racine, Rodolfo A. Rey
Summary: This article reviews the main findings on anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and its involvement in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its male equivalent. AMH has important roles in ovarian reserve, follicular development, and the differentiation of the genital tract. It is also used to assess Sertoli cell function in children and has potential implications for male fertility.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chrystele Racine, Carine Genet, Camille Bourgneuf, Charlotte Dupont, Florence Plisson-Petit, Julien Sarry, Christelle Hennequet-Antier, Corinne Vigouroux, Emmanuelle Mathieu d'Argent, Alice Pierre, Danielle Monniaux, Stephane Fabre, Nathalie di Clemente
Summary: This study demonstrates the protective effect of AMH on follicle atresia by controlling granulosa cell survival, providing both cellular and molecular evidence for the increased follicle pool observed in PCOS patients. Furthermore, RNA sequencing identified new AMH target genes, some of which were up-regulated in granulosa cells from PCOS women, suggesting a potential role of AMH in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Chii-Ruey Tzeng, Zhongwei Huang, Yoshimasa Asada, Cuilian Zhang, Manh Tuong Ho, Raymond Hang Wun Li, Ji Hyang Kim, Mirudhubashini Govindarajan, Teraporn Vuyavanich, Ivan Sini, Pak Seng Wong, Surinder Singh, Wan-Yu Lin, Nguyen Tuong Ho
Summary: Age, ethnicity, obesity, and polycystic ovarian syndrome significantly impact serum AMH levels in Asian women undergoing fertility treatment, with AMH levels decreasing faster as age increases; a concentration of 4.0 ng/ml is the optimal cut-off for diagnosing PCOS.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Muhammad Salman Butt, Javeria Saleem, Sobia Aiman, Rubeena Zakar, Iftikhar Sadique, Florian Fischer
Summary: This study aimed to analyze serum AMH levels among PCOS women of reproductive age and found that elevated serum AMH levels can be used as a strong predictor for PCOS diagnosis.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Yijie Chen, Miao Deng, Zhaojing Chen, Shuyang Han, Jun Chen, Hongyan Zhang, Qianwen Wang, Xuejing Jin, Wenhua Liu, Zhifen Zhang
Summary: This study found a significant positive correlation between serum INSL5 levels and AMH levels in women with PCOS. After adjusting for other factors, AMH levels remained significantly associated with INSL5 levels. The diagnostic value of AMH was better than that of INSL5.
JOURNAL OF OVARIAN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Minhthao Thi Nguyen, Sridevi Krishnan, Sonal V. Phatak, Sidika E. Karakas
Summary: Even though PCOS was traditionally defined by the presence of bilateral polycystic ovaries, women without this characteristic can still be diagnosed with PCOS, leading to heterogeneity in symptoms. The levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in the blood are associated with the number of ovarian cysts. A study of 108 women with PCOS found that higher AMH values were linked to lower BMI but higher levels of testosterone, suggesting a potential link between AMH and the reproductive cause of PCOS. These findings suggest that phenotyping based on AMH could be a useful tool in understanding the different presentations of PCOS.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mala S. Sivanandy, Sierra K. Ha
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinological disorder with significant implications for women's reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health. The lack of a specific diagnostic test poses challenges in diagnosing PCOS, resulting in underdiagnosis and undertreatment. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) appears to be a promising diagnostic marker for PCOS, with elevated levels correlating highly with PCOS features such as polycystic ovarian morphology, hyperandrogenism, and oligo/amenorrhea.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Siyu Zhou, Danhua Lu, Shu Wen, Yongcheng Sheng, Deying Kang, Liangzhi Xu
Summary: This updated systematic review and meta-analysis found that newborns of mothers with PCOS have significantly higher levels of AMH in umbilical cord blood compared to healthy controls, especially in female neonates and neonates born to American and Asian PCOS mothers. Additionally, AMH levels were also influenced by diagnostic criteria, maternal clinical/biochemical hyperandrogenism, and maternal body mass index.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Josefin Kataoka, Ingrid Larsson, Eva Lindgren, Li Oskarson Kindstrand, Johanna Schmidt, Elisabet Stener-Victorin
Summary: The study investigated the circulating AMH levels in women with severe obesity and PCOS, as well as the effect of a one-year VLED weight loss program on AMH levels. The results showed that women with PCOS had higher AMH levels, but it couldn't accurately differentiate between women with PCOS and severe obesity. Additionally, significant weight loss did not impact AMH levels.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mojgan Javedani Masroor, Hossein Sheybani, Shiva Sheybani, Nastaran Abolghasem
Summary: After laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in patients with PCOS, the mean AMH level decreases significantly and the menstrual cycle distribution changes significantly, but these variables do not affect the pregnancy rate.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yu Ran, Qiang Yi, Cong Li
Summary: The study found that AMH levels were higher in PCOS patients compared to controls, with no difference in subgroups of PCOS patients under 30 years old. AMH levels in the PCOM subgroup were significantly higher than those in the HA subgroup, suggesting a strong relationship between AMH and PCOM but not with HA.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mirte R. Caanen, Henrike E. Peters, Peter M. van de Ven, Anne M. F. M. Juttner, Joop S. E. Laven, Marcel H. A. van Hooff, Cornelis B. Lambalk
Summary: The study found that higher AMH levels in adolescence were associated with a higher risk of developing PCOS in adulthood for girls with oligomenorrhea. However, adolescent AMH levels alone or in combination with menstrual irregularities were not effective in predicting adult PCOS, and therefore routine use in clinical practice is not recommended.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lingling Jiang, Xiangyan Ruan, Yanqiu Li, Muqing Gu, Jiaojiao Cheng, Yuejiao Wang, Yu Yang, Che Xu, Zhikun Wang, Lili Liu, Alfred O. Mueck
Summary: This study established a cutoff level of 4.64 ng/mL for AMH in the diagnosis of PCOS in Chinese women and found that the combination of AMH and free testosterone improves the predictive value for PCOS.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Water Resources
Xiaojie Zou, Yiqin Chen, Yang Ouyang, Shanwen Hu, Ye He, Yan Wu, Wenxiang Wang
Summary: This study found that eight elements (As, Cu, Se, Sr, V, Zn, Cr, Ca) in follicular fluid were positively correlated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), while Mg was not related. The OPLS models of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) with relevant elements showed that Mg, Zn, Fe, Se, and V had a more significant effect on FSH and that As, Se, V, Cu, and Zn were positively correlated with AMH. Further analysis indicated that FSH and Mg were protective factors against PCOS, and the associations between the five elements and PCOS incidence were mediated by AMH. Changes in hormone levels between multielement coexposure and PCOS development suggest that FSH and Mg are protective against PCOS, while female exposure to As, Se, V, Cu, and Zn may affect PCOS progression by perturbing AMH levels.
EXPOSURE AND HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexis L. Oldfield, Maryam Kazemi, Marla E. Lujan
Summary: Some studies suggest that obesity may reduce AMH levels, while others show comparable levels between groups. There are limitations in existing research, so the degree to which obesity may impact AMH levels remains uncertain at this time.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)