Journal
APPLIED ENERGY
Volume 222, Issue -, Pages 423-436Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.020
Keywords
Hydrogen; Water splitting; Photocatalysis; Fluidized bed; Energy conversion
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Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
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Photocatalytic water splitting in a novel, UV-irradiated fluidized bed reactor system with Pt-deposited titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles has been explored as an alternative approach to hydrogen production. A model describing the water splitting performance of the fluidized bed system was developed through a holistic approach combining fluidized bed theory, mass transfer effects, an optical model, and a proposed mechanism for the parasitic Pt-catalysed back reaction of H-2 and O-2. The model was validated experimentally using fluidizable Pt-deposited TiO2 particles. It was found that the efficiency of the fluidized bed water splitting system is dependent on the rate of mass transfer in the gas-liquid separator, while the overall rate of hydrogen evolution was found to vary with the height and density of the photocatalyst bed in the reactor; all of which are functions of the fluidization flow rate. It is shown that maximizing the rate of mass transfer in the gas-liquid separator can greatly diminish losses due to the Pt-catalysed back reaction of H-2 and O-2, yielding significant gains in efficiency and the overall rate of hydrogen production. The application of the model to the design of the fluidized bed water splitting system, the sub-systems and the photocatalyst particles is discussed.
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