Article
Polymer Science
Parthiv M. Trivedi, Chandra Prakash Gocher, Vijai Balachandran, Virendra Kumar Gupta
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of polypropylene products using a MgCl2 supported multidentate Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) pre-catalyst. Compared to conventional bidentate Z-N pre-catalysts, the multidentate Z-N pre-catalyst showed better hydrogen response and controlled isotacticity in propylene polymerization. Melt rheology analysis showed higher modulus values for ultra-high molecular weight isotactic polypropylene (UHMWiPP) compared to medium molecular weight PP resins. GPC analysis revealed a medium to broad unimodal molecular weight distribution (MWD) for PP products produced with the multidentate Z-N pre-catalyst system.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Matteo Milanesi, Alessandro Piovano, Toru Wada, Jelena Zarupski, Patchanee Chammingkwan, Toshiaki Taniike, Elena Groppo
Summary: In this work, three Ziegler-Natta catalysts with the same 1,3-diether donor but different synthesis routes were synthesized and systematically investigated. It was found that the synthesis route affected the particle size of MgCl2 and the properties of Ti species. The reprecipitation method resulted in the smallest MgCl2 particles and the most positive Ti4+ sites in the pre-catalyst, but also the largest amount of accessible Ti3+ sites after TEAl activation. These structural and spectroscopic data correlated well with the kinetics of gas-phase propylene polymerization under very mild conditions.
Article
Polymer Science
Zahra Mohamadi, Gholamreza Moradi, Hamid Reza Teimoury
Summary: The study showed that different types of internal electron donors (IDs) have a significant impact on the morphology and activity of catalysts used for ethylene polymerization, with S-cat exhibiting the highest activity and P-cat showing the lowest activity.
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Hiren Bhajiwala, Virendrakumar Gupta
Summary: This study reported novel external donors and their applications with catalysts in the synthesis of Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The results showed that the catalysts with external donors had increased molecular weight with decreased catalyst activity. Moreover, the addition of chain terminating agents significantly decreased molecular weight with minimal effect on catalyst activity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Biao Zhang, Qingyun Qian, Pengjia Yang, Baiyu Jiang, Zhisheng Fu, Zhiqiang Fan
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of active centers in ethylene-propylene copolymerization and identified the formation mechanism of long-chain olefin segments in the polymer.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Silvia Zanoni, Nikolaos Nikolopoulos, Alexandre Welle, Aurelien Vantomme, Bert M. Weckhuysen
Summary: Efficient fragmentation of catalyst particles is essential for maintaining catalyst activity and obtaining discrete polymer particles. Experimental evidence on the fragmentation process is crucial for understanding this phenomenon. This study investigates the development of fragmentation in an industrial metallocene catalyst during the early-stage of ethylene polymerization under different reaction conditions. Visualizing the onset of fragmentation within catalyst particles has proven challenging. The study reveals that ethylene polymerization starts at two main fronts within the catalyst particles.
CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Hossein Bazgir, Mehrdad Seifali Abbas-Abadi, Mehdi Nekoomanesh Haghighi, Mohammad Reza Rostami Darounkola, Zahra Issaabadi, Reza Rashedi
Summary: This study investigated the simultaneous effect of cyclohexyl chloride (CHC) and various electron donors (ED) on ethylene polymerization, elucidating their significant impact on catalyst activity and polymer product properties. The use of methanol and diethyl ether (DEE) as EDs led to increased catalyst activity and improved characteristics of the produced polyethylene. The morphology of the catalysts was positively affected by the presence of CHC and ED, with differences observed in the influence of methanol and DEE on catalyst porosity and fragmentation phenomena.
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Padavattan Govindaswamy, Emiko Wada, Hiroyuki Kono, Toshiya Uozumi, Hideo Funabashi
Summary: This article discusses the effects of using aminosilane compounds as external donors in propylene polymerization with Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The polymerization screening experiments demonstrate that these aminosilane compounds improve stereoregularity and copolymerization performance of propylene and ethylene.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jie Hu, Xianrong Shen, Zhisheng Fu, Qi Wang, Zhiqiang Fan
Summary: This study investigated propylene polymerizations catalyzed by MgCl2/Di/TiCl4-AlEt3/siloxane with and without hydrogen. The time-dependent changes of catalytic activity, number of active centers, and active center distribution were determined. Three types of active centers with different stereoselectivity were identified, and their response to hydrogen was analyzed. Two hydrogen activation mechanisms were proposed to explain the different responses of the active centers.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maximilian J. Werny, Dominik Mueller, Coen Hendriksen, Robert Chan, Nicolaas H. Friederichs, Christian Fella, Florian Meirer, Bert M. Weckhuysen
Summary: Strict control over the morphology of growing polymer particles is crucial in catalytic olefin polymerization processes. This study investigates the factors that influence the degree of sectioning in silica-supported olefin polymerization catalysts. The accessibility of the catalyst particle interior, initial polymerization rate, and support structure were found to be important factors in determining the occurrence of sectioning.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Patchanee Chammingkwan, Mingkwan Wannaborworn, Le Thi Tuyet Mai, Minoru Terano, Toshiaki Taniike, Phairat Phiriyawirut
Summary: The introduction of a modulator after particle formation can effectively modulate the macroscopic features and crystalline structure of Mg(OEt)2, resulting in improved performance in propylene polymerization. Organic compounds with higher polarity were found to cause strong modulation of Mg(OEt)2, allowing for particle and pore engineering of the final catalyst.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Maryam Masoori, Mehdi Nekoomanesh, Sergio Posada-Perez, Reza Rashedi, Naeimeh Bahri-Laleh
Summary: This paper discusses the effects of different cocatalyst ingredients on the kinetic behavior, catalyst activity, and polymer properties in the polymerization process using Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The results show that the structure and size of the cocatalyst have a significant impact on the polymerization reaction.
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Kaixuan Dong, Junying Zhang, Aihua He
Summary: Polymer chain-end functionalization with polar groups can enhance the hydrophilicity of polymers. In this study, a facile synthesis strategy for amine-functionalized trans-1,4-polyisoprenes was proposed using DCHA as a chain-transfer agent with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The F-TPI samples were separated into low-molecular-weight and high-molecular-weight fractions with different capping efficiencies, showing improved hydrophilicity with increased CE.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Morteza Abazari, Roghayeh Jamjah, Hossein Abdollahi
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effects of different parameters on Ziegler-Natta catalyzed polymerizations. A new three-metallic high-performance ZN catalyst was synthesized and response surface methodology and a designed experiment were used to analyze the catalyst activity and polymerization yield. The optimal polymerization parameters were suggested and the kinetic behavior of the catalyst was studied. The obtained polymer was characterized in terms of thermo-physical and mechanical properties.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wei Li, Chuanding Dong, Xiaodong Wang, Jingdai Wang, Yongrong Yang
Summary: In this study, self-assembled polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)@TiCl4 nanoparticles were used to effectively immobilize TiCl4 molecules in n-heptane solution, resulting in the utilization of active centres. This uncomplicated system exhibited heterogeneous-like catalytic performance in ethylene polymerization, with high activities, fouling-free polymerization, and desirable properties of the nascent polymers. Moreover, these catalytic nanoparticles showed resistance to H2 and enhanced incorporation of comonomer in ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization. The proposed Ti active centres structures provided insights into the reduction of the energy barrier for ethylene insertion.
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri, Khalina Abdan, Tatsuo Kaneko
Summary: The enhancement of environmental concern has led researchers to use eco-friendly solvents for processing biopolymers, with ionic liquids being a popular choice due to their non-volatility and recyclability. Different types of ionic liquids based on imidazolium cations are commonly used to prepare biopolymer blends, classified into three categories: polysaccharide/polysaccharide blends, polysaccharide/polypeptide blends, and polysaccharide/bioplastic blends. The physicochemical properties of biopolymer blends prepared in imidazolium-based ionic liquids are briefly reviewed, providing insights for future research in polymer blend area.
Article
Polymer Science
Daichi Takahashi, Annadanam Venkata Sesha Sainath, Junko Ikeda, Kulisara Budpud, Tatsuo Kaneko, Mika Kawai, Tetsu Mitsumata
Summary: The study investigated the magnetorheological response of magnetic elastomers containing CI particles coated with PMMA. By analyzing the thickness of the PMMA layer and the decrease in storage modulus, the diameter of secondary particles and aggregation behavior in the polyurethane matrix were determined.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Agman Gupta, Rajashekar Badam, Aniruddha Nag, Tatsuo Kaneko, Noriyoshi Matsumi
Summary: Graphite has been commonly used as the conventional lithium-ion anode, but faces challenges of exfoliation leading to capacity fade. This study introduces an n-type conjugated copolymer BP as a substitute binder for graphite anodes, showing superior performance and cycle stability.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kenji Takada, Katsuaki Yasaki, Sakshi Rawat, Kosuke Okeyoshi, Amit Kumar, Hideyuki Murata, Tatsuo Kaneko
Summary: Cinnamate-based polyesters were synthesized and processed into membranes which showed different photodeformation behaviors under UV light, with PdHCA membranes visibly contracting while P3HCA membranes exhibited unique photoexpansion behavior. Time-resolution infrared spectroscopy revealed trans-to-cis isomerism in the polymer main chains of the P3HCA film, leading to convex bending in UV-irradiated regions.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mohammad Asif Ali, Tatsuo Kaneko
Summary: The production of novel chiral dicarboxylic acids from renewable feedstock has been reported in this study. By synthesizing chiral polyamides with heterocyclic diacid monomers, it was found that the interaction between polymer chains of different chiralities affects the crystallization degree and performance of the composite.
ADVANCED SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gargi Joshi, Kosuke Okeyoshi, Fitri Adila Amat Yusof, Tetsu Mitsumata, Maiko K. Okajima, Tatsuo Kaneko
Summary: By exploring the fluidic geometry of a liquid crystalline polysaccharide solution containing micron-sized rod and platelet units, it was found that the presence of platelet units contributes lateral capillary interactions and helps rod units form a wider self-assembled structure with high viscosity.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yasuyoshi Funahashi, Yohei Yoshinaka, Kenji Takada, Tatsuo Kaneko
Summary: In this study, self-standing nanomembranes with high toughness were developed by spin-casting super-tough polyamides over dimethylformamide solution. These nanomembranes, which have ultra-high toughness and can be peeled off without breaking, could be applied to flexible devices in the future.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Isamu Saito, Leijie Wu, Mitsuo Hara, Yuka Ikemoto, Tatsuo Kaneko, Kosuke Okeyoshi
Summary: This study designs reordered polysaccharide materials with cation selectivity and anisotropic responses by controlling the drying process of an aqueous pectin dispersion. The membrane, based on the egg-box model, exhibits anisotropic responses to cations and can swell as a hydrogel. It shows potential for application in tissue engineering in physiological environments.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yue Jiang, Shuai Wang, Weifu Dong, Tatsuo Kaneko, Mingqing Chen, Dongjian Shi
Summary: The authors developed a high-performance, degradable, and recyclable bio-based epoxy resin by reacting the lignin derivative vanillin with 4-amino cyclohexanol via Schiff base. This resin exhibited higher Young's modulus and tensile strength compared to bisphenol A epoxy. It also showed good degradation in an acidic environment and recoverability through heat treatment. Additionally, the resin could be used to prepare carbon fiber-reinforced composites, with the carbon fiber being completely recyclable. This study provides a pathway for the preparation of high-performance epoxy resin and the effective recycling of carbon fiber.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Maninder Singh, Gargi Joshi, Han Qiang, Maiko K. Okajima, Tatsuo Kaneko
Summary: Synthetic materials cause damage over time, so the use of naturally-derived polymers for sustainable material fabrication is gaining recognition. We created hybrid hydrogel sheets using polysaccharides and nanocellulose as wound dressings. Antibacterial properties were added through silver nanoparticles in the polysaccharide blend, and the films were crosslinked via thermal annealing to avoid the use of harmful chemicals. The resulting silver nanoparticle-polysaccharide hydrogels effectively reduce bacterial viability and have potential as on-demand dressings.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jianbing Cui, Ruisheng Xu, Weifu Dong, Tatsuo Kaneko, Mingqing Chen, Dongjian Shi
Summary: Flexible and stretchable materials with ionic conductivity are crucial in the development of flexible electronic devices. In this study, a biomimetic hydrogel with strain-stiffening capability was fabricated by embedding a stiff array of poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) in a soft polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel. The resulting patterned hydrogel exhibited nonlinear mechanical properties, high strength, and protonic conductivity without the need for additional ionic salts. This hydrogel has the potential to serve as a strain sensor for monitoring human motion.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rio Urano, Pruetsakorn Saosamniang, Tatsuo Kaneko, Mika Kawai, Tetsu Mitsumata
Summary: The relationship between the magnetorheological effect and the void ratio in a polyurethane magnetic elastomer with voids was investigated by dynamic viscoelastic measurement under a magnetic field. It was found that the void ratio had a significant impact on the storage modulus of the elastomer, allowing movement of magnetic particles within the material.
Article
Polymer Science
Jiabei Zhou, Xianzhu Zhong, Aniruddha Nag, Yang Liu, Kenji Takada, Tatsuo Kaneko
Summary: Porous polybenzimidazole derivative films were prepared using a silica template method, resulting in ultrahigh thermoresistant films with improved elongation properties and enhanced strength and hardness. Microscopic analysis confirmed the formation of pores and observed craters with swollen edges and hardened surfaces.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xianzhu Zhong, Aniruddha Nag, Jiabei Zhou, Kenji Takada, Fitri Adila Amat Yusof, Tetsu Mitsumata, Kenji Oqmhula, Kenta Hongo, Ryo Maezono, Tatsuo Kaneko
Summary: In this study, ultrahigh thermoresistant bio-based terpolymers with a low dielectric constant were successfully synthesized. These materials showed great potential for various applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kottisa Sumala Patnaik, Rajashekar Badam, Yueying Peng, Koichi Higashimine, Tatsuo Kaneko, Noriyoshi Matsumi
Summary: A highly nitrogen-doped carbon material was synthesized through easy pyrolysis of bio-based poly(2,5-benzimidazole), showing fast charging capability at 18.6 A g(-1) and excellent long-term cyclability of 3000 cycles with 90% capacity retention. Full cell studies demonstrated the commercial potential of this novel material.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ming-Yi Chen, Ngoc Thanh Thuy Tran, Ahmed Abubakar Alao, Wen-Dung Hsu
Summary: This study demonstrates the significance of surface Pt atom arrangement for the efficiency of ORR in PEMFCs and reveals the correlation between Pt-Pt average distance and O2 dissociation barrier. Furthermore, the study discovers a robust correlation between the level of the catalyst's d-band center and O2 adsorption energy. High-entropy alloy substrates provide potential for controlling Pt arrangement and O2 dissociation barrier.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Eduardo C. Atayde Jr, Babasaheb M. Matsagar, Yu-Cheng Wang, Kevin C. -W. Wu
Summary: This study presents the first application of an acidic MOF, Sulfated MOF-808, in catalyzing the HAA reactions of furan oligomers for the production of biofuel precursors. The catalyst showed high yield, selectivity, and recyclability, making it versatile for different starting materials.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria do Carmo Rangel, Francieli Martins Mayer, Soraia Jesus de Oliveira, Sergio Gustavo Marchetti, Fabricio Luiz Faita, Doris Ruiz, Giovanni Saboia, Mariana Kieling Dagostini, Jonder Morais, Maria do Carmo Martins Alves
Summary: This study developed a new catalyst by investigating the effect of magnesium on the catalytic properties of hematite in ethylbenzene dehydrogenation. The catalyst showed important differences in activity, selectivity, and stability, making it a promising candidate for commercial applications.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yanjun Li, Qian Wang, Hui Tian, Mingyuan Zhu, Yuanyuan Liu
Summary: A novel strategy using microwave-assisted precipitation was proposed to prepare defective CsH3PMo11VO40 catalyst for the oxidation of methacrolein to methacrylic acid. Microwave treatment accelerates crystallization, increases vanadyl species content, and forms defective Keggin structures, thereby enhancing the oxidation capacity of the catalyst.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rajeshwari Athavale, Sailee Gardi, Fatima Choudhary, Dayanand Patil, Nandkishor Chandan, Paresh More
Summary: In this study, a novel acidic ionic liquid catalyst was prepared and used for the synthesis of bis-indolyl methane derivatives. The catalyst exhibited short reaction times, easy purification, and reusability.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Masatomo Hattori, Takato Hattori, Masakuni Ozawa
Summary: Cu-added gamma-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared with varying Cu loadings and the effects of copper oxidation states on catalytic activity were investigated. The results showed that the addition of copper increased the catalyst activity, but excessive copper loading decreased catalytic activity. XRD and TEM analysis indicated the formation of a solid solution of copper oxide species on the surface of gamma-Al2O3. XAS and TPR data demonstrated variations in copper oxidation states among the catalysts.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Liwei Fang, Shiyang Niu, Shengsen Wang, Yiqing Lu, Yuanhui Cheng
Summary: In this study, PtNi alloy on nitrogen-doped carbon and SnO2 dual-support was designed to modulate the metal-support interaction, resulting in improved catalytic activity and stability for oxygen reduction reaction. The SnO2/PtNi/NC catalyst exhibited a strongly coupled interface, enhanced electron transfer, and higher half-wave potential compared to PtNi/NC and commercial Pt/C.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shohei Harada, Duanxing Li, Kenta Iyoki, Masaru Ogura
Summary: This study investigates the catalytic performance of a composite catalyst composed of ZnZrOX and H-zeolite for the hydrogenation of CO2. The deactivation of the composite catalyst is influenced by ion exchange of Zn2+ and/or coke, with their effects differing based on the zeolite structure. Separating the grains of the composite catalyst can prevent deactivation.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Laura Proano, Christopher W. Jones
Summary: In this study, NiGa alloy particles supported on CeO2, ZrO2, and ZrO2-CeO2 solid solutions were prepared and characterized. The nature of the support was found to have a significant influence on the catalyst's activity and selectivity, with the crystalline structure of ZrO2 having the greatest impact. Pure ZrO2 showed the highest methanol selectivity and CO2 conversion at high Zr:Ce ratios. In equimolar and Ce-rich conditions, basic sites and oxygen vacancies were found to be the key parameters affecting methanol production.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Liyan Zhang, Yinze Yang, Leilei Zhou, Fengyu Zhao, Haiyang Cheng
Summary: 1,6-Hexamethylenediamine was successfully synthesized via the reductive amination of 1,6-hexanediol using a Ru/PRL(x)-Al2O3 catalyst. The highly dispersed and anchored Ru species, formed by 1,10-phenanthroline (PRL), played a crucial role in the catalytic reaction. The formation of new acid-base pairs, electron deficient Ru species, and smaller nanoparticles contributed to the improved catalytic performances of the Ru/PRL-Al2O3 catalyst.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anita Horvath, Miklos Nemeth, Andrea Beck, Gyorgy Safran, Valeria La Parola, Leonarda Francesca Liotta, Gregor Zerjav, Matevz Roskaric, Albin Pintar
Summary: This study investigates the catalytic and structural changes caused by the addition of 0.25 wt% indium in a 3% Ni/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst prepared by impregnation method. The results show that the addition of indium can decrease the activity of the catalyst, but it improves its stability and reduces coking.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ankush Kularkar, Vaibhav Vilas Khedekar, Sachin D. Chaudhari, Mudavath Ravi, Sadhana S. Rayalu, Penumaka Nagababu
Summary: Efficiently addressing the challenges of photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CH3OH is crucial. This study developed Zn-BTC MOF and its composites with CaIn2S4, achieving highly efficient and robust photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CH3OH under ambient conditions, using H2O2 as the hydrogen source. Among the composites, ZMCIS4 demonstrated excellent performance with a CH3OH evolution of 49100 μmol/g.cat and a quantum efficiency of approximately 78.41%. The enhanced performance was attributed to the production of nascent hydrogen atoms (H center dot) through the photo-splitting of H2O2 on the ZMCIS surface.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dan Liu, Yudong Li, Chengyu Wang, Haiyue Yang, Rong Wang, Shujun Li, Xiaohui Yang
Summary: In this study, a self-supporting three-dimensional porous Co3O4 nanobelt array decorated on nickel foam (P-Co3O4 -NBA@NF) electrode with numerous active sites was successfully constructed for the oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The P-Co3O4 -NBA@NF electrode demonstrated high conversion efficiency, selectivity, and Faraday efficiency, as well as remarkable long-term stability. This research provides a promising electrocatalyst for biomass conversion.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yimin Li, Enggah Kurniawan, Fumiya Sato, Takayoshi Hara, Yasuhiro Yamada, Satoshi Sato
Summary: In this study, several silica-alumina catalysts modified with Ag were examined for the dehydration of 1,3-butanediol to 1,3-butadiene. Among them, an amorphous silica-alumina catalyst (SAL-3) modified with Ag showed the highest improvement in catalytic activity and stability when operated in H2 flow. The generation of reversible acid sites was found to be the reason behind the enhanced activity and stability of this Ag/SAL-3 catalyst. The effects of various parameters on the catalytic activity of Ag/SAL-3, such as reaction temperature, contact time, Ag content, and carrier gas, were investigated.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2024)
