Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Marcus J. Couch, Samal Munidasa, Jonathan H. Rayment, Andreas Voskrebenzev, Ravi Teja Seethamraju, Jens Vogel-Claussen, Felix Ratjen, Giles Santyr
Summary: In this study, PREFUL MRI was used to compare VDP with HP 129Xe MRI and pulmonary function tests in pediatric CF, revealing significant differences in VDP between CF patients with exacerbations and healthy controls. PREFUL MRI shows potential for assessing lung function in pediatric CF and can be easily implemented on any MRI scanner.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarzyna Walicka-Serzysko, Magdalena Postek, Justyna Milczewska, Dorota Sands
Summary: Pulmonary exacerbation (PEx) significantly impacts the quality of life and life expectancy of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In our study, we found that LCI increased by 65% and FEV1 decreased by ≥10% in 40% of CF patients during PEx. After PEx treatment, FEV1 increased by 11.05% on average, while LCI decreased by 1.21 units on average, representing a 9.42% decrease compared to the beginning of PEx.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Respiratory System
Pedro Mondejar-Lopez, Alexander Horsley, Felix Ratjen, Silvia Bertolo, Helene de Vicente, Oscar Asensio de la Cruz
Summary: The early stages of lung involvement in cystic fibrosis can be asymptomatic, making early detection challenging. Currently, methods such as LCI, CT, and MRI are used to monitor the progression of lung disease and evaluate responses to interventions. Collaboration between pulmonology and radiology is crucial for improving care and outcomes in young CF patients.
EXPERT REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Gwyneth Davies
Summary: The impact of newborn screening on pulmonary outcomes in cystic fibrosis remains unclear, despite evidence of improved nutritional outcomes. Comparisons between different diagnostic methods and improvements in clinical management and public health interventions have complicated the evaluation of the impact. Forced expiratory volumes have been used as the main outcome measure, but may not accurately reflect early lung function.
PAEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Julius Frederik Heidenreich, Philipp Josef Kuhl, Jan-Peter Grunz, Robin Hendel, Corona Metz, Andreas Max Weng, Thomas Benkert, Helge Hebestreit, Thorsten Alexander Bley, Herbert Kostler, Simon Veldhoen
Summary: Noncontrast 3D UTE lung MRI functional parameters can be used to assess lung function over time in patients with CF and can add regional information to established global parameters, such as LCI.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Faiyza S. Alam, Brandon Zanette, Samal Munidasa, Sharon Braganza, Daniel Li, Jason C. Woods, Felix Ratjen, Giles Santyr
Summary: This prospective study assessed the intravisit and intervisit repeatability of MBW Xe-MRI in healthy and stable CF children. The results showed that MBW Xe-MRI has high intravisit and intervisit repeatability in both healthy and stable CF children, suggesting its potential as an effective outcome measure for novel therapies.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Thomas H. Hampton, Devin Thomas, Christopher van der Gast, George A. O'Toole, Bruce A. Stanton
Summary: This study identified five bacterial community types in CF patients, explaining 24% of lung function variability and suggesting that community stability is associated with a risk of lung function decline. Patients with severe disease experienced more shifts among community types, emphasizing the importance of understanding factors that drive shifts in community composition.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Elisabeth Kieninger, Corin Willers, Katrin Roethlisberger, Sophie Yammine, Orso Pusterla, Grzegorz Bauman, Enno Stranzinger, Oliver Bieri, Philipp Latzin, Carmen Casaulta
Summary: The study comprehensively assessed the functional response to nebulized inhalation with salbutamol in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). It was found that inhalation of salbutamol led to improved FEV1 and reduced ventilation inhomogeneity in CF patients. However, there were heterogeneous responses among patients, suggesting the need for individual spirometry testing to predict therapeutic effects.
Article
Pediatrics
Mihaela Dediu, Ioana Mihaiela Ciuca, Liviu Laurentiu Pop, Daniela Iacob
Summary: Deficiency of vitamin D in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is associated with impaired lung function, particularly an increased lung clearance index (LCI). Patients with comorbidities such as CF liver disease (CFLD) and CF-related diabetes (CFRD) have lower vitamin D storage, while chronic Pseudomonas infection, low BMI, and CFLD are associated with increased LCI.
Article
Respiratory System
Simone Gambazza, Federico Ambrogi, Federica Carta, Laura Moroni, Maria Russo, Anna Brivio, Carla Colombo
Summary: This study used lung clearance index (LCI) to characterize phenotypes of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and found significant differences in ventilation inhomogeneity among different phenotypes. A less severe phenotype was associated with a lower risk of pulmonary exacerbation (PE) relapse.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Andrew Fretzayas, Ioanna Loukou, Maria Moustaki, Konstantinos Douros
Summary: Most studies have shown moderate correlations between forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and other spirometric indices with CT structural lung damage. However, there are patients with normal FEV1 but abnormal CT and vice versa at an individual level. Longitudinal studies indicate that deterioration of structural lung damage does not occur in parallel with lung function progression, and lung clearance index is a better predictor of CT findings.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Gael Dournes, Laura L. Walkup, Ilyes Benlala, Matthew M. Willmering, Julie Macey, Stephanie Bui, Francois Laurent, Jason C. Woods
Summary: Recent technological breakthroughs and novel treatments have positioned lung MRI as a valuable, radiation-free tool for clinically assessing CF. With high-resolution imaging and the ability to differentiate between inflammation and scarring tissue, MRI can provide early guidance for treatment. Additionally, MRI can evaluate regional small-airway disease and offer automated quantification methods for more objective and reproducible assessment of disease severity.
Article
Pediatrics
Oliver Weinheimer, Philip Konietzke, Willi L. Wagner, Dorothea Weber, Beverly Newman, Craig J. Galban, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Marcus A. Mall, Terry E. Robinson, Mark O. Wielpuetz
Summary: This study aimed to quantify airway dimensions and air trapping on chest CT scans of school-age children with mild CF-lung disease over two years, and found that there were regional interdependencies between wall thickening and air trapping, as well as short-term regional interdependencies between air trapping and an increase in bronchiectasis.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Paul McNally, Karen Lester, Gavin Stone, Basil Elnazir, Michael Williamson, Des Cox, Barry Linnane, Laura Kirwan, David Rea, Paul O'Regan, Tom Semple, Clare Saunders, Harm A. W. M. Tiddens, Edward McKone, Jane C. Davies
Summary: This study demonstrates that treatment with ETI leads to significant improvements in lung function, lung clearance index, and CT scores in people with cystic fibrosis. The treatment also improves nutrition and quality of life for the patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarzyna Walicka-Serzysko, Magdalena Postek, Urszula Borawska-Kowalczyk, Justyna Milczewska, Dorota Sands
Summary: This prospective study aimed to assess the course of early lung disease in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) using multiple breath nitrogen washout (MBNW), impulse oscillometry (IOS), and conventional techniques. The results showed that MBNW and IOS are more helpful tools than conventional techniques in evaluating early lung disease in CF. The lung clearance index (LCI) is a more useful parameter than forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) for detecting functional abnormalities in school-age children.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Helen Marshall, Andreas Voskrebenzev, Laurie J. Smith, Alberto M. Biancardi, Agilo L. Kern, Guilhem J. Collier, Piotr A. Wielopolski, Pierluigi Ciet, Harm A. W. M. Tiddens, Jens Vogel-Claussen, Jim M. Wild
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between Xe-129 and H-1 ventilation images in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) using data acquired at two different centers. The results showed that H-1 ventilation MRI showed large-scale agreement with Xe-129 ventilation MRI in CF patients with established lung disease but may be less sensitive to subtle ventilation changes in patients with early-stage lung disease.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Iain Stewart, Joseph Jacob, Peter M. George, Philip L. Molyneaux, Joanna C. Porter, Richard J. Allen, Shahab Aslani, J. Kenneth Baillie, Shaney L. Barratt, Paul Beirne, Stephen M. Bianchi, John F. Blaikley, James D. Chalmers, Rachel C. Chambers, Nazia Chadhuri, Christopher Coleman, Guilhem Collier, Emma K. Denneny, Annemarie Docherty, Omer Elneima, Rachael A. Evans, Laura Fabbri, Michael A. Gibbons, Fergus Gleeson, Bibek Gooptu, Neil J. Greening, Beatriz Guillen Guio, Ian P. Hall, Neil A. Hanley, Victoria Harris, Ewen M. Harrison, Melissa Heightman, Toby E. Hillman, Alex Horsley, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Ian Jarrold, Simon R. Johnson, Mark G. Jones, Fasihul Khan, Rod Lawson, Olivia Leavy, Nazir Lone, Michael Marks, Hamish McAuley, Puja Mehta, Dhruv Parekh, Karen Piper Hanley, Manuela Plate, John Pearl, Krisnah Poinasamy, Jennifer K. Quint, Betty Raman, Matthew Richardson, Pilar Rivera-Ortega, Laura Saunders, Ruth Saunders, Malcolm G. Semple, Marco Sereno, Aarti Shikotra, A. John Simpson, Amisha Singapuri, David J. F. Smith, Mark Spears, Lisa G. Spencer, Stefan Stanel, David R. Thickett, A. A. Roger Thompson, Mathew Thorpe, Simon L. F. Walsh, Samantha Walker, Nicholas David Weatherley, Mark E. Weeks, Jim M. Wild, Dan G. Wootton, Chris E. Brightling, Ling-Pei Ho, Louise Wain, Gisli R. Jenkins
Summary: This study analyzed the data from the UK Interstitial Lung Disease Consortium (UKILD) post-COVID-19 study to estimate the prevalence of residual lung abnormalities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The results showed that approximately 11% of recovered COVID-19 patients had residual lung abnormalities, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Felicity Liew, Shubha Talwar, Andy Cross, Brian J. Willett, Sam Scott, Nicola Logan, Matthew K. Siggins, Dawid Swieboda, Jasmin K. Sidhu, Claudia Efstathiou, Shona C. Moore, Chris Davis, Noura Mohamed, Jose Nunag, Clara King, A. A. Roger Thompson, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Annemarie B. Docherty, James D. Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Alexander Horsley, Betty Raman, Krisnah Poinasamy, Michael Marks, Onn Min Kon, Luke Howard, Daniel G. Wootton, Susanna Dunachie, Jennifer K. Quint, Rachael A. Evans, Louise V. Wain, Sara Fontanella, Thushan I. de Silva, Antonia Ho, Ewen Harrison, J. Kenneth Baillie, Malcolm G. Semple, Christopher Brightling, Ryan S. Thwaites, Lance Turtle, Peter J. M. Openshaw
Summary: This study examined the nasal and plasma antibody responses in COVID-19 hospitalized patients one year after discharge and vaccination. The findings showed sustained elevated antibody responses in both nasal and plasma samples for at least 12 months, but the nasal antibody response was minimally influenced by vaccination. These findings highlight the importance of developing vaccines that enhance nasal immunity.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rebecca C. Gosling, Gareth Williams, Abdulaziz Al Baraikan, Samer Alabed, Eylem Levelt, Amrit Chowdhary, Peter P. Swoboda, Ian Halliday, D. Rodney Hose, Julian P. Gunn, John P. Greenwood, Sven Plein, Andrew J. Swift, James M. Wild, Pankaj Garg, Paul D. Morris
Summary: Ischaemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries is commonly caused by coronary microvascular dysfunction. Quantification of coronary sinus flow using 4D flow CMR represents a simpler method for assessing myocardial blood flow. The study showed that MBF and resistance can be quantified from 4D flow CMR, and resting MBF is reduced in patients with myocardial infarction and microvascular obstruction.
CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alistair Macdonald, Mahan Salehi, Samer Alabed, Ahmed Maiter, Ze Ming Goh, Krit Dwivedi, Chris Johns, Marcella Cogliano, Faisal Alandejani, Robin Condliffe, James M. Wild, David G. Kiely, Pankaj Garg, Andrew J. Swift
Summary: This study assessed the reproducibility of measurement methods for right ventricle (RV) mass and evaluated the impact of including trabeculation in RV mass on the diagnostic accuracy for suspected pulmonary hypertension (PH).
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Helen Marshall, Jim M. Wild, Laurie J. Smith, Latife Hardaker, Titti Fihn-Wikander, Hana Mullerova, Rod Hughes
Summary: The NOVELTY study is a global, prospective, observational study that aims to investigate patients with asthma and/or COPD. The ADPro substudy of NOVELTY is employing novel imaging and physiological modalities to explore lung changes and their association with different phenotypes and endotypes. These techniques will enable precise phenotyping and assess their sensitivity to early disease progression.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Joshua R. Astley, Alberto M. Biancardi, Paul J. C. Hughes, Helen Marshall, Guilhem J. Collier, Ho-Fung Chan, Laura C. Saunders, Laurie J. Smith, Martin L. Brook, Roger Thompson, Sarah Rowland-Jones, Sarah Skeoch, Stephen M. Bianchi, Matthew Q. Hatton, Najib M. Rahman, Ling-Pei Ho, Chris E. Brightling, Louise V. Wain, Amisha Singapuri, Rachael A. Evans, Alastair J. Moss, Gerry P. McCann, Stefan Neubauer, Betty Raman, Jim M. Wild, Bilal A. Tahir
Summary: A generalizable 3D CNN was developed for lung segmentation in 1H-MRI, demonstrating robustness to pathology, acquisition protocol, vendor, and center.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dheyaa Alkhanfar, Krit Dwivedi, Faisal Alandejani, Yousef Shahin, Samer Alabed, Chris Johns, Pankaj Garg, A. A. Roger Thompson, Alexander M. K. Rothman, Abdul Hameed, Athanasios Charalampopoulos, Jim M. Wild, Robin Condliffe, David G. Kiely, Andrew J. Swift
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnostic role of MRI models in diagnosing severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with chronic lung disease (CLD). The CLD-PH MRI model and Whitfield model were found to have high accuracy in detecting severe PH in CLD and strong prognostic value.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Michail Mamalakis, Pankaj Garg, Tom Nelson, Justin Lee, Andrew J. Swift, James M. Wild, Richard H. Clayton
Summary: This study aimed to develop a novel framework and cost function for optimal automatic segmentation of the left ventricle with scars using LGE-MRI images. The study found that the traditional computer vision technique delivered more accurate results than deep learning, except in cases of breath misalignment error. The developed framework achieved robust and generalized results, offering a valuable tool for experts to accomplish fully automatic segmentation of the left ventricle with scars based on a single-modality cardiac scan.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jim M. Wild, Fergus V. Gleeson, Sarah Svenningsen, James T. Grist, Laura C. Saunders, Guilhem J. Collier, Maksym Sharma, Sam Tcherner, Ali Mozaffaripour, Alexander M. Matheson, Grace Parraga
Summary: The respiratory consequences and symptoms of acute COVID-19 infection usually resolve after 4 weeks. However, some patients may experience new, recurrent, or persisting symptoms that last for months after the acute phase, known as long-COVID. Several research sites conducted Xe-129 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the effects of infection on gas-exchange and ventilation imaging. A systematic review of 15 peer-reviewed manuscripts showed abnormalities in MRI results and persistent symptoms in patients hospitalized or not hospitalized for COVID-19, even 1 year post-infection.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Neil J. Stewart, Nara S. Higano, Shanmukha Mukthapuram, Matthew M. Willmering, Wolfgang Loew, Michael West, Anita Arnsperger, Ronald Pratt, Madhwesha R. Rao, Rolf F. Schulte, Jim M. Wild, Jason C. Woods
Summary: This study reports the preliminary experience of using hyperpolarized Xe-129 MRI to assess bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonates. The Xe-129 ADC values were elevated and the Xe-129 spectroscopy revealed a low RBC/M ratio. With further data, this technique may guide the management of infant lung diseases.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Christopher E. Brightling, Rachael A. Evans, Amisha Singapuri, Nikki Smith, Louise Wain
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Betty Raman, Celeste McCracken, Mark P. Cassar, Alastair J. Moss, Lucy Finnigan, Azlan Helmy A. Samat, Godwin Ogbole, Elizabeth M. Tunnicliffe, Fidel Alfaro-Almagro, Ricarda Menke, Cheng Xie, Fergus Gleeson, Elena Lukaschuk, Hanan Lamlum, Kevin McGlynn, Iulia A. Popescu, Zeena-Britt Sanders, Laura Saunders, Stefan K. Piechnik, Vanessa M. Ferreira, Chrysovalantou Nikolaidou, Najib M. Rahman, Ling-Pei Ho, Victoria C. Harris, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha Singapuri, Paul Pfeffer, Charlotte Manisty, Onn Min Kon, Mark Beggs, Declan P. O'Regan, Jonathan Fuld, Jonathan R. Weir-McCall, Dhruv Parekh, Rick Steeds, Krisnah Poinasamy, Dan J. Cuthbertson, Graham J. Kemp, Malcolm G. Semple, Alexander Horsley, Christopher A. Miller, Caitlin O'Brien, Ajay M. Shah, Amedeo Chiribiri, Olivia C. Leavy, Matthew Richardson, Omer Elneima, Hamish J. C. McAuley, Marco Sereno, Ruth M. Saunders, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Neil J. Greening, Charlotte E. Bolton, Jeremy S. Brown, Gourab Choudhury, Nawar Diar Bakerly, Nicholas Easom, Carlos Echevarria, Michael Marks, John R. Hurst, Mark G. Jones, Daniel G. Wootton, Trudie Chalder, Melanie J. Davies, Anthony De Soyza, John R. Geddes, William Greenhalf, Luke S. Howard, Joseph Jacob, William D-C Man, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Joanna C. Porter, Matthew J. Rowland, Janet T. Scott, Sally J. Singh, David C. Thomas, Mark Toshner, Keir Lewis, Liam G. Heaney, Ewen M. Harrison, Steven Kerr, Annemarie B. Docherty, Nazir I. Lone, Jennifer K. Quint, Aziz Sheikh, Bang Zheng, Gisli Jenkins, Eleanor F. Cox, Susan Francis, Mark Halling-Brown, James D. Chalmers, John P. Greenwood, Sven Plein, Paul J. C. Hughes, A. A. Roger Thompson, Sarah Rowland-Jones, James M. Wild, Matthew Kelly, Thomas A. Treibel, Steven Bandula, Raminder Aul, Karla Miller, Peter Jezzard, Stephen Smith, Thomas E. Nichols, Gerry P. McCann, Rachael A. Evans, Louise V. Wain, Christopher E. Brightling, Stefan Neubauer
Summary: The multiorgan impact of moderate to severe coronavirus infections in the post-acute phase is still poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities after hospitalisation with COVID-19, evaluate their determinants, and explore associations with patient-related outcome measures. The findings highlight the need for proactive multidisciplinary care pathways with imaging playing a potential role in guiding surveillance and treatment strategies.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
