Article
Oncology
Calistus Wilunda, Sarah Krull Abe, Thomas Svensson, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Hidemi Ito, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Ritsu Sakata, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Keitaro Tanaka, Yingsong Lin, Manami Inoue
Summary: The study found that among Japanese adults, sleep duration of >= 10 hours is associated with increased risk of cancer incidence among women and cancer mortality among men. Sleep duration of <= 5 hours did not show significant associations with cancer incidence and mortality. However, among postmenopausal women, both <= 5 and >= 10 hours of sleep duration were associated with an increased risk of cancer mortality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paz L. D. Ruiz, Lei Chen, Jedidiah Morton, Agus Salim, Bendix Carstensen, Edward W. Gregg, Meda E. Pavkov, Manel Mata-Cases, Didac Mauricio, Gregory A. Nichols, Santa Pildava, Stephanie H. Read, Sarah H. Wild, Jonathan E. Shaw, Dianna J. Magliano
Summary: The mortality rate in individuals with type 1 diabetes has generally declined in recent years, although the improvement in mortality relative to the non-diabetic population varies.
Article
Oncology
Nadia Oubaya, Pierre Soubeyran, Nicoleta Reinald, Marianne Fonck, Mylene Allain, Sonia Zebachi, Damien Heitz, Marie Laurent, Cecile Delattre, Philippe Caillet, Jerome Dauba, Sylvie Bastuji-Garin, Gilles Albrand, Michael Bringuier, Muriel Rainfray, Etienne Brain, Thomas Grellety, Elena Paillaud, Simone Mathoulin-Pelissier, Carine Bellera, Florence Canoui-Poitrine
Summary: The prognostic assessment of older cancer patients is complicated by their heterogeneity, and routine inflammatory biomarkers play an important role in prognosis assessment. The study found that GPS and CRP/albumin ratio were independently associated with mortality and increased discriminative power. Routine inflammatory biomarkers in older cancer patients add prognostic value to clinical factors.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elena Garde, Paula Marin-Vial, Guillermo E. Perez, Erik M. Sandvig
Summary: Free-roaming dogs are a serious problem in Chile, and the government has implemented laws and a national program to address this issue. However, the interventions in the program mainly focus on animals and overlook the perception of the public. Recommendations include collecting baseline data, tailoring interventions and indicators, and investing in education and enforcement for long-term sustainability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kathrin Wolf, Barbara Hoffmann, Zorana J. Andersen, Richard W. Atkinson, Mariska Bauwelinck, Tom Bellander, Jorgen Brandt, Bert Brunekreef, Giulia Cesaroni, Jie Chen, Ulf de Faire, Kees de Hoogh, Daniela Fecht, Francesco Forastiere, John Gulliver, Ole Hertel, Ulla Arthur Hvidtfeldt, Nicole A. H. Janssen, Jeanette T. Jorgensen, Klea Katsouyanni, Matthias Ketzel, Jochem O. Klompmaker, Anton Lager, Shuo Liu, Conor J. MacDonald, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Amar J. Mehta, Gabriele Nagel, Bente Oftedal, Nancy L. Pedersen, Goran Pershagen, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Matteo Renzi, Debora Rizzuto, Sophia Rodopoulou, Evangelia Samoli, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Sara Schramm, Per Schwarze, Torben Sigsgaard, Mette Sorensen, Massimo Stafoggia, Maciek Strak, Anne Tjonneland, W. M. Monique Verschuren, Danielle Vienneau, Gudrun Weinmayr, Gerard Hoek, Annette Peters, Petter L. S. Ljungman
Summary: Long-term exposure to air pollution, even at concentrations lower than EU and US standards and WHO guideline limits, is associated with increased risk of stroke and coronary heart disease. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations are positively correlated with the incidence of stroke and coronary heart disease, while warm-season ozone (O-3) shows no association with these outcomes. The study suggests that there is no clear threshold below which air pollutant concentrations are not harmful for cardiovascular health.
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
James White, Meg Fluharty, Rosa de Groot, Steven Bell, G. David Batty
Summary: This study examines the association between different types of homeless experience and mortality, finding that all types of homelessness are associated with an increased risk of mortality. This includes squatting and sofa-surfing, which have not previously been reported.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Leo D. Westbury, Charlotte Beaudart, Olivier Bruyere, Jane A. Cauley, Peggy Cawthon, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Elizabeth M. Curtis, Kristine Ensrud, Roger A. Fielding, Helena Johansson, John A. Kanis, Magnus K. Karlsson, Nancy E. Lane, Laetitia Lengele, Mattias Lorentzon, Eugene McCloskey, Dan Mellstrom, Anne B. Newman, Claes Ohlsson, Eric Orwoll, Jean-Yves Reginster, Eva Ribom, Bjorn E. Rosengren, John T. Schousboe, Eric J. Shiroma, Nicholas C. Harvey, Elaine M. Dennison, Cyrus Cooper
Summary: The performance of recent sarcopenia definitions in terms of thresholds employed, concordance in individuals, and prediction of important health-related outcomes such as death is limited. This study addressed these limitations in a large multinational cohort study.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ulla Arthur Hvidtfeldt, Jie Chen, Sophia Rodopoulou, Maciej Strak, Kees de Hoogh, Zorana J. Andersen, Tom Bellander, Jorgen Brandt, Daniela Fecht, Francesco Forastiere, John Gulliver, Ole Hertel, Barbara Hoffmann, Klea Katsouyanni, Matthias Ketzel, Karin Leander, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Gabriele Nagel, Goeran Pershagen, Debora Rizzuto, Evangelia Samoli, Rina So, Massimo Stafoggia, Anne Tjonneland, Gudrun Weinmayr, Kathrin Wolf, Jiawei Zhang, Emanuel Zitt, Bert Brunekreef, Gerard Hoek, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
Summary: This study examined the association between residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particles (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), ozone (O3), and eight elemental components of PM2.5 and malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). The results indicated a potential association between NO2, PM2.5, and BC exposure and CNS tumours, while the PM elements did not show consistent association with tumour incidence.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jie Chen, Gerard Hoek, Kees de Hoogh, Sophia Rodopoulou, Zorana J. Andersen, Tom Bellander, Jorgen Brandt, Daniela Fecht, Francesco Forastiere, John Gulliver, Ole Hertel, Barbara Hoffmann, Ulla Arthur Hvidtfeldt, W. M. Monique Verschuren, Karl-Heinz Joeckel, Jeanette T. Jorgensen, Klea Katsouyanni, Matthias Ketzel, Diego Yacaman Mendez, Karin Leander, Shuo Liu, Petter Ljungman, Elodie Faure, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Gabriele Nagel, Goran Pershagen, Annette Peters, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Debora Rizzuto, Evangelia Samoli, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Sara Schramm, Gianluca Severi, Massimo Stafoggia, Maciej Strak, Mette Sorensen, Anne Tjonneland, Gudrun Weinmayr, Kathrin Wolf, Emanuel Zitt, Bert Brunekreef, George D. Thurston
Summary: This study assessed the mortality risks associated with specific sources of fine particles (PM2.5) in a European cohort. The results showed that all identified sources of PM2.5 were significantly positively associated with increased natural mortality risks. Traffic, residual oil combustion, and biomass agriculture were found to have the strongest associations with mortality.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sigrid Reppe Moe, Hilde Haukeland, Oyvind Molberg, Karoline Lerang
Summary: Research on outcomes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) shows that the standardized mortality ratio ranges from 1.9 to 4.6, with cardiovascular disease being the most common cause of death and ESRD progressing in 5-11% of all SLE patients. There is currently no data supporting an increased incidence of cancer in SLE patients. Further population-based studies are needed, especially inception studies with control groups and follow-up times over 15 years.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Seilesh Kadambari, Caroline L. Trotter, Paul T. Heath, Michael J. Goldacre, Andrew J. Pollard, Raphael Goldacre
Summary: This study assessed the burden of GBS disease and mortality in young infants in England, finding that there was no significant change in the annual incidence of GBS disease over the years, but a significant decline in GBS-attributable mortality. Infants with GBS had higher rates of visual impairment, cerebral palsy, hydrocephalus, and necrotizing enterocolitis compared to those without GBS.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Lauren R. Teras, Kimberly A. Bertrand, Emily L. Deubler, Chun R. Chao, James V. Lacey, Alpa Patel, Bernard A. Rosner, Yu-Hsiang Shu, Ke Wang, Charlie Zhong, Sophia S. Wang, Brenda M. Birmann
Summary: In this study, the associations between body size and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were examined using data from six US-based cohorts. The results showed that adult height was broadly associated with NHL, particularly with B-cell NHLs among non-White participants. The strongest association was found between young adult BMI and risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kirsten M. Leyland, Lucy S. Gates, Maria T. Sanchez-Santos, Michael C. Nevitt, David Felson, Graeme Jones, Joanne M. Jordan, Andrew Judge, Dani Prieto-Alhambra, Noriko Yoshimura, Julia L. Newton, Leigh F. Callahan, Cyrus Cooper, Mark E. Batt, Jianhao Lin, Qiang Liu, Rebecca J. Cleveland, Gary S. Collins, Nigel K. Arden, Lyn March, Gillian Hawker, Philip Conaghan, Virginia Byers Kraus, Ali Guermazi, David Hunter, Jeffrey N. Katz, Tim McAlindon, Tuhina Neogi, Lee Simon, Marita Cross, Lauren King
Summary: This study analyzed individual participant-level data from international observational studies to determine the association of knee osteoarthritis with mortality in the general population. The findings showed that knee osteoarthritis-related pain is significantly associated with reduced time-to-mortality, while osteoarthritis itself is not associated with mortality.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tala Ballouz, Dominik Menges, Marco Kaufmann, Rebecca Amati, Anja S. Frei, Viktor von Wyl, Jan A. Fehr, Emiliano Albanese, Milo Puhan, Dong Keon Yon
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of post COVID-19 condition (PCC) with novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and after prior vaccination. The findings revealed that vaccinated individuals infected with the Omicron variant had lower odds of developing PCC compared to non-vaccinated individuals. Furthermore, the severity of PCC-related symptoms was lower among vaccinated individuals infected with Omicron.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yanjun Ma, Rong Hua, Zhenchun Yang, Baoliang Zhong, Li Yan, Wuxiang Xie
Summary: A comparison of cognitive decline trajectories between individuals with borderline hypertension and normal blood pressure showed no significant difference in decline rate, while those with high blood pressure exhibited significantly faster cognitive decline. Individuals with borderline hypertension may not need to start antihypertensive therapy considering cognitive decline.
Article
Clinical Neurology
J. M. Blodgett, J. J. Mitchell, E. Stamatakis, S. Chastin, M. Hamer
Summary: This study found that spending more time on moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) relative to sedentary behavior (SB), sleep, or light-intensity physical activity (LIPA) is associated with a lower risk of depression. Replacing sleep, SB, or LIPA with MVPA time was strongly associated with lower depression risk. Reallocating time between SB, sleep, or LIPA had minimal to no effect on depression risk.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Matthew N. Ahmadi, Elif Inan-Eroglu, Gita D. Mishra, Amanda Salis, Emmanuel Stamatakis
Summary: This study examined the association between changes in physical activity and diet with obesity development and changes in body fat percentage, body mass index, and waist circumference. The results showed that increasing physical activity combined with improving diet was most effective in reducing the risk of obesity. Improvements in physical activity or diet mutually attenuated the deleterious associations of the other behavior's deterioration.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Borja del Pozo Cruz, Matthew Ahmadi, Emmanuel Stamatakis
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ariella Y. Y. Moser, Wendy Y. Y. Brown, Pauleen Bennett, Peta S. S. Taylor, Bethany Wilson, Paul McGreevy
Summary: This study identified the important traits for dogs trained in biosecurity detection, and found seven relevant traits: search motivation, emotional stability, search arousal, food motivation, play motivation, search independence, and search focus. Current biosecurity detector dogs had consistently high ratings in search motivation, emotional stability, and food motivation, and dogs rated highly in search arousal and search motivation also performed well in overall detection.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tracy Nau, William Bellew, Billie Giles-Corti, Adrian Bauman, Ben J. Smith
Summary: This article presents a systematic process for mapping laws relevant to physical activity (PA) in order to understand the important role of laws as a policy lever. The study provides a practical case study and guidance for conducting legal mapping of laws that influence the built environment for PA, emphasizing the need for accessible legal data to drive the design and implementation of interventions to improve population PA.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Karen Waller, Susan Furber, Adrian Bauman
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate a text-message program for improving the health of Aboriginal people with chronic diseases or at risk. The results showed significant improvements in vegetable consumption but no significant improvements in other health outcomes. The study concluded that the program was highly acceptable and feasible to deliver, and could be used as an adjunct to usual care.
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marina B. Pinheiro, Kirsten Howard, Juliana S. Oliveira, Wing S. Kwok, Anne Tiedemann, Belinda Wang, Jennifer Taylor, Adrian Bauman, Catherine Sherrington
Summary: This scoping review assessed the volume of economic evaluations and cost utility analysis studies of physical activity interventions for older people. Most studies found that structured exercise interventions were more costly but more effective than no intervention. Further economic evaluation is needed to determine the cost-effectiveness of interventions.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ronald C. Plotnikoff, Anna K. Jansson, Mitch J. Duncan, Jordan J. Smith, Adrian Bauman, John Attia, David R. Lubans
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of an innovative mHealth intervention called ecofit on muscular fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and social-cognitive mediators among community-dwelling adults. The study utilized a cluster randomized controlled trial design and recruited 245 participants. The results showed that the intervention led to significant improvements in muscular fitness, physical activity behavior, and related cognitions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rasha El-Kotob, Justin R. Pagcanlungan, Catharine Craven, Catherine Sherrington, Marina Mourtzakis, Lora M. Giangregorio
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the experiences and perspectives of individuals with chronic health conditions who had adverse events during resistance training. Twelve participants were interviewed via web conference or telephone, and six themes were identified through thematic framework analysis. Despite the participants' awareness of the value and benefits of resistance training, there were concerns about experiencing exercise-related adverse events.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tracy Nau, William Bellew Ben J. Smith, Adrian Bauman
Summary: This study examines the feasibility of establishing a comprehensive and standardized physical activity surveillance system (PASS) in Australia. The existing surveillance system is fragmented and lacks nationwide standardization, with most focus placed on individual behaviors. The findings identified areas of deficiency where improvements are needed to enable more effective monitoring and decision-making at multiple levels.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Adrian Bauman, Nicola McNeil, Matthew Nicholson, Paul O'Halloran, Emma Seal, Erica Randle, Arthur Stukas
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of the "This Girl Can-Victoria" (TGC-Victoria) campaign on women in Victoria. The findings showed that the campaign achieved high levels of community awareness and successfully reduced the feeling of being judged among women during physical activity, but there was not a significant increase in overall physical activity levels.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Colette Ermers, Nerida McGilchrist, Kate Fenner, Bethany Wilson, Paul McGreevy
Summary: Fibre is an essential component of a horse's diet and its importance in providing energy is often underestimated. Foraging is a natural behavior for horses and ponies, and insufficient opportunities for foraging can lead to various behavioral problems. Replacing starch with fibrous alternatives in high-energy diets reduces the risk of gastrointestinal diseases and improves digestion, behavior, and immune function. Providing adequate fibre intake has numerous benefits for horse health and well-being.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kate Purcell, Jennifer Taylor, Kerry West, Abby Haynes, Leanne Hassett, Cathie Sherrington
Summary: This study investigated the frequency of physical activity promotion by health professionals in public hospitals in Sydney, Australia, focusing on community-based structured exercise. The results showed that only half of the health professionals surveyed provided tailored physical activity advice, and advice on structured physical activity was not common. Barriers included lack of time and clients' access to transport. More work is needed to integrate physical activity promotion into clinical care.
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gabriela Cuadra, Juliana S. Oliveira, Marina B. Pinheiro, Anne Tiedemann, Catherine Sherrington, Luiza Pivotto, Saman Khalatbari-Soltani, Sweekriti Sharma, Nathalia Costa
Summary: This review examined physical activity interventions for older people from low-and middle-income countries. The majority of studies were conducted in upper middle-income countries, and mostly assessed interventions through randomized controlled trials. The findings showed a focus on structured exercise interventions and a lack of studies targeting underserved populations and assessing the impact on physical activity, falls, and social outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Sam McCrabb, Alix Hall, Heather McKay, Sharleen Gonzalez, Andrew Milat, Adrian Bauman, Rachel Sutherland, Luke Wolfenden
Summary: To maximize the benefits of health behavior interventions, they need to be implemented in communities, but often require adaptation. This study found that most health behavior interventions are not implemented or scaled-up following trial completion, and the use of more dissemination strategies may increase the likelihood of scaling up.
HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS
(2023)