Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew D. Barberio, G. Lynis Dohm, Walter J. Pories, Natalie A. Gadaleta, Joseph A. Houmard, Evan P. Nadler, Monica J. Hubal
Summary: Black females with T2DM show widespread downregulation of genes across aerobic metabolism pathways before RYGB, which resolves 1 year post-RYGB and is related to improvements in clinical markers. These data support the efficacy of RYGB for improving skeletal muscle health, especially in patients with T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma K. Rautenberg, Yassin Hamzaoui, Dawn K. Coletta
Summary: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity present major challenges in public health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms contributing to these metabolic disorders, particularly insulin resistance, is crucial. Impaired mitochondria structure and function are common features in insulin-resistant individuals with T2D or obesity, potentially due to epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded genes. Investigating mitochondrial abnormalities is important for gaining insights into the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ji Eun Jun, Seung-Eun Lee, You-Bin Lee, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hwan Jee, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: Low skeletal muscle mass and its coexistence with abdominal obesity independently increase the risk of incident type 2 diabetes, regardless of glycometabolic parameters.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ayoung Kim, Ja Hyun Koo, Xing Jin, Wondong Kim, Shi-Young Park, Sunghyouk Park, Eugene P. Rhee, Cheol Soo Choi, Sang Geon Kim
Summary: The research findings demonstrate the crucial role of USP21 in skeletal muscle in regulating myofibre type switch, muscle mass control, mitochondrial function, and heat generation, suggesting the potential of USP21 and its downstream substrates network as targets for treating and preventing muscle dysfunction and associated metabolic diseases.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Juergen G. Okun, Patricia M. Rusu, Andrea Y. Chan, Yuqin Wu, Yann W. Yap, Thomas Sharkie, Jonas Schumacher, Kathrin V. Schmidt, Katherine M. Roberts-Thomson, Ryan D. Russell, Annika Zota, Susanne Hille, Andreas Jungmann, Ludovico Maggi, Young Lee, Matthias Bluher, Stephan Herzig, Michelle A. Keske, Mathias Heikenwalder, Oliver J. Mueller, Adam J. Rose
Summary: Elevated hepatic alanine catabolism promotes hyperglycaemia and reduces skeletal muscle protein synthesis, linking sarcopenia with hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes. Obesity and sarcopenia are often associated in aging and may together contribute to the progression of conditions such as diabetes and frailty. Liver alanine metabolism driven by chronic glucocorticoid and glucagon signaling promotes hyperglycaemia and skeletal muscle wasting, revealing a metabolic inter-tissue cross-talk in type 2 diabetes.
Article
Cell Biology
Mihoko Yoshino, Jun Yoshino, Gordon I. Smith, Richard I. Stein, Adam J. Bittel, Daniel C. Bittel, Dominic N. Reeds, David R. Sinacore, W. Todd Cade, Bruce W. Patterson, Kevin Cho, Gary J. Patti, Bettina Mittendorfer, Samuel Klein
Summary: The study found that intensive lifestyle therapy provided at the worksite has profound therapeutic clinical and physiological effects in people with T2D, which are likely mediated by specific alterations in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue biology.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dayeon Shin, Kyung Won Lee
Summary: This study revealed a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes in Korean women who were overweight or obese before pregnancy with a history of GDM compared to those without GDM history. Additionally, high pre-pregnancy BMI or high current BMI increased the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in Korean women, regardless of GDM history. This highlights the importance of maintaining a healthy weight status both before and after pregnancy to prevent future risk of type 2 diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hajime Yamazaki, Shinichi Tauchi, Juergen Machann, Tobias Haueise, Yosuke Yamamoto, Mitsuru Dohke, Nagisa Hanawa, Yoshihisa Kodama, Akio Katanuma, Norbert Stefan, Andreas Fritsche, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Robert Wagner, Martin Heni
Summary: This study found that different patterns of fat distribution are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes, with hepatic steatosis, pancreatic steatosis, and trunk myosteatosis being associated with higher risk.
Review
Physiology
Hiroaki Eshima
Summary: Obesity and diabetes can disrupt peripheral insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and lead to loss of muscle size, strength, and physical function, with contractile dysfunction being linked to impaired intracellular Ca2+ concentration regulation. Recent studies have shown that metabolic disorders affect interactions between the SR and mitochondrial networks, altering Ca2+ handling by these organelles. This review highlights the importance of understanding the impact of metabolic disorders on calcium regulation in skeletal muscle for potential therapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ehtasham Ahmad, Soo Lim, Roberta Lamptey, David R. Webb, Melanie J. Davies
Summary: Type 2 diabetes accounts for nearly 90% of global diabetes cases, with an increasing number of affected individuals, particularly among young people. Early detection and proactive management are crucial for preventing complications and reducing mortality. Technology and precision medicine offer potential improvements to treatment outcomes but face significant barriers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rinki Murphy, Lindsay D. Plank, Michael G. Clarke, Nicholas J. Evennett, James Tan, David D. W. Kim, Richard Cutfield, Michael W. C. Booth
Summary: SR-LRYGB provided superior diabetes remission and weight loss compared with LSG at 5 years, with similar low risks of complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vittal Hejjaji, Juan J. Gorgojo-Martinez, Fengming Tang, Julia Blanco Garnelo, Andrew Cooper, Jesus Medina, Miren Sequera Mutiozabal, Kamlesh Khunti, Antonio Nicolucci, Marina Shestakova, Linong Ji, Marilia B. Gomes, Hirotaka Watada, Jiten Vora, Ali O. Malik, Mikhail Kosiborod, Suzanne Arnold
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the real-world change in weight over 3 years and the factors influencing it in overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that approximately 21% of the participants lost at least 5% of their weight over the study period. Factors such as advancing age, female sex, and higher baseline weight were associated with weight loss. Additionally, the type of glucose-lowering medication prescribed had a significant impact on weight change.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jarvis C. Noronha, George Thom, Michael E. J. Lean
Summary: The prognosis for people with type 2 diabetes remains concerning, and its seriousness is often underestimated. Weight loss plays an important role in T2D management, and total diet replacements have been effective in inducing weight loss. Studies have shown that a 10-15% reduction in body weight can lead to remission of short-term T2D. With the advancement of digital healthcare, there is an opportunity to prioritize and scale up weight loss programs for T2D remission.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicolas J. Pillon, Ruth J. F. Loos, Sally M. Marshall, Juleen R. Zierath
Summary: This review focuses on the influence of genetic and environmental factors on metabolism and highlights the importance of personalized strategies for prevention, management, and care to improve health outcomes and reduce the impact of metabolic diseases.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eleonora Moriconi, Elisabetta Camajani, Andrea Fabbri, Andrea Lenzi, Massimiliano Caprio
Summary: The study found that the very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has significant therapeutic effects in the long-term management of obesity and type 2 diabetes, contributing to disease remission.
Article
Sport Sciences
Lidia Robles-Gonzalez, Millan Aguilar-Navarro, Alvaro Lopez-Samanes, Carlos Ruiz-Moreno, Alejandro Munoz, David Varillas-Delgado, Jorge Gutierrez-Hellin, Jorn W. Helge, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
Summary: This study found that maximal fat oxidation and the intensity that elicits it remain consistent throughout the day in healthy women, regardless of the time of exercise testing. These results have clinical relevance in understanding the differences between men and women in terms of fat oxidation during exercise.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Mikkel Thunestvedt Hansen, Karina Louise Skov Husted, Mathilde Fogelstrom, Tue Romer, Samuel Emil Schmidt, Kasper Sorensen, Jorn Helge
Summary: A model using seismocardiography (SCG) for the prediction of (V) over dotO(2)max was found to accurately predict the maximum oxygen consumption in a healthy adult population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Dirk L. Christensen, Kate Westgate, Lewis Griffiths, Joseph Sironga, Venance P. Maro, Jorn W. Helge, Steen Larsen, Ib C. Bygbjerg, Kaushik L. Ramaiya, Jorgen Jensen, Soren Brage
Summary: This study aimed to objectively quantify the metabolic intensity of traditional jumping-dance activity performed by Maasai men and assess its associations with habitual physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. The findings showed that the intensity of jumping-dance activity was moderate, but on average seven times higher than habitual physical activity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kim Z. Rokamp, Flemming Dela, Niels H. Secher, Lars Gronlykke, Birger Thorsteinsson, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the ADRB2 gene polymorphism Gly16Arg on the metabolic response to epinephrine before and after repetitive hypoglycemia. The results showed that the insulin, glycerol, and free fatty acid responses to epinephrine were decreased in participants with the Arg16 genotype compared with those with the Gly16 genotype before hypoglycemia, but there was no difference in glucose response. However, there were no differences in response to epinephrine between genotype groups after repetitive hypoglycemia.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arthur Ingersen, Malte Schmucker, Christina Alexandersen, Benjamin Graungaard, Tobias Thorngreen, Jacob Borch, Jens Juul Holst, Jorn Wulff Helge, Flemming Dela
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the interaction of semaglutide treatment and aerobic training on pancreatic β-cell secretory function in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that aerobic training increased insulin secretion, and semaglutide treatment further improved β-cell secretory function. The combination of aerobic training and semaglutide treatment synergistically enhanced β-cell secretory function.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ida Bager Christensen, Ida Blom, Tine Lovso Dohlmann, Fabian Finger, Jorn W. Helge, Zachary Gerhart-Hines, Flemming Dela, Steen Larsen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of statin therapy on mitochondrial function and inflammatory status in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue. The results showed that statin treatment was associated with mitochondrial respiratory capacity, but there was no clear link to the inflammatory status of adipose tissue.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Christopher T. A. Lewis, Lee Tabrizian, Joachim Nielsen, Jenni Laitila, Thomas N. Beck, Mathilde S. Olsen, Marija M. Ognjanovic, Per Aagaard, Rune Hokken, Simon Laugesen, Arthur Ingersen, Jesper L. Andersen, Casper Soendenbroe, Jorn W. Helge, Flemming Dela, Steen Larsen, Ronni E. Sahl, Tue Romer, Mikkel T. Hansen, Jacob Frandsen, Charlotte Suetta, Julien Ochala
Summary: Lewis et al. investigated the influence of training status on relaxed myosin conformations and found that moderate physical activity leads to a shift in relaxed myosin conformation, resulting in reduced ATP consumption. Their study revealed that physical activity level and training type can influence resting skeletal muscle myosin dynamics, suggesting that environmental stimuli such as exercise can rewire the molecular metabolism of human skeletal muscle through myosin.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Steffen H. Raun, Mona S. Ali, Xiuqing Han, Carlos Henriquez-Olguin, T. C. Phung Pham, Roberto Meneses-Valdes, Jonas R. Knudsen, Anna C. H. Willemsen, Steen Larsen, Thomas E. Jensen, Ramon Langen, Lykke Sylow
Summary: The study investigates the role of AMPK in cancer-associated metabolic dysfunction and cachexia. The findings suggest that AMPK plays a protective role by regulating multiple proteins crucial for glucose metabolism. This highlights the potential for targeting AMPK as a therapeutic approach for cancer-related metabolic dysfunction and cachexia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anders Bue Klein, Pablo Ranea-Robles, Trine Sand Nicolaisen, Claudia Gil, Kornelia Johann, Julia Prats Quesada, Nina Pistolevij, Kathrine V. R. Hviid, Line Fich, Simone M. Offersen, Jorn Wulff Helge, Henriette Svarre Nielsen, Jaco Bakker, Maximilian Kleinert, Christoffer Clemmensen
Summary: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-induced cytokine that may play a potential role in pregnancy. While mice and rats have a limited response to pregnancy, macaques and humans exhibit significant increases in GDF15 levels. These species-specific findings provide valuable insights for future research on GDF15 in pregnancy and for developing pharmacological strategies to treat severe nausea and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ronni Eg Sahl, Ioanna Patsi, Mikkel Thunestvedt Hansen, Tue Romer, Jacob Frandsen, Hanne Kruuse Rasmusen, Arthur Ingersen, Steen Seier Poulsen, Flemming Dela, Steen Larsen, Jorn Wulff Helge
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged endurance exercise on adipose tissue inflammation markers and mitochondrial respiration in younger and older men. The results showed a positive effect of prolonged endurance exercise on adipose tissue inflammation markers and mitochondrial respiration in both young and old trained men, with no sign of attenuated function in adipose tissue with age.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ida Bager Christensen, Marie-Louise Abrahamsen, Lucas Ribas, Kristian Buch-Larsen, Djordje Marina, Michael Andersson, Steen Larsen, Peter Schwarz, Flemming Dela, Linn Gillberg
Summary: This study investigated the mitochondrial respiration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) before and after adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in postmenopausal patients with early breast cancer (EBC). The results showed that the respiration and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content of PBMCs significantly increased after treatment, indicating the impact of adjuvant therapy on the mitochondrial function and mtDNA content of PBMCs.
Review
Physiology
Minyu Zhang, Biyang Xiao, Xiaoqi Chen, Bingming Ou, Songtao Wang
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely related to bile acid and gut microbiota disorders. Exercise plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the enterohepatic circulation and the health of the host gut microbiota by regulating the composition and function of the bile acid pool in the enterohepatic axis. Exercise has been recommended as a first-line intervention for NAFLD, and regulating bile acids through exercise may be a promising treatment strategy.