Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Schenk, Tobias Esser, Andre Knoop, Mario Thevis, Jan Herden, Axel Heidenreich, Wilhelm Bloch, Niklas Joisten, Philipp Zimmer
Summary: Exercise impacts TRP metabolism and inflammation markers in prostate cancer patients, highlighting the potential benefits of physical activity in cancer management.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilona Sadok, Katarzyna Jedruchniewicz
Summary: Tryptophan metabolism plays a crucial role in human health. This review provides an overview of the occurrence of tryptophan metabolites in food, analytical methods for their determination, and the fate and role of dietary tryptophan. Special attention is given to the core technique of detecting and quantifying tryptophan.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Ilona Sadok, Magdalena Staniszewska
Summary: Recent years have seen a significant increase in research on tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway due to its involvement in various physiological processes and diseases. The generation of metabolites with diverse functions has led to a demand for reliable analytical methods, with electrochemical sensors showing promise for future advancements. This work discusses challenges, limitations, and opportunities for electroanalytical methods in studying the implementation of kynurenines in disease conditions.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sandra Tillmann, Hussain M. Awwad, Chad W. MacPherson, Denise F. Happ, Giulia Treccani, Juergen Geisel, Thomas A. Tompkins, Per Magne Ueland, Gregers Wegener, Rima Obeid
Summary: The study showed that probiotics can counterbalance the effects of an MDD diet and downregulate downstream metabolites of the kynurenine pathway. Additionally, the combination of probiotics and choline can reduce the enrichment of bacterial strains in the cecum.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Arnaud Bernard, Cedric Le May, Aurelie Dastugue, Audrey Ayer, Claire Blanchard, Jean-Charles Martin, Jean-Paul Pais De Barros, Pascaline Delaby, Cindy Le Bourgot, Severine Ledoux, Philippe Besnard
Summary: The VSG procedure can reduce the neurotoxic signature in plasma due to the Trp/Kyn pathway overactivation and improve fat preference in DIO mice. Additionally, the activity of the Trp/Kyn pathway is negatively correlated with the density of fungiform papillae, and pharmacological inhibition of Kyn synthesis in non-operated DIO mice mimics the effects of VSG.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengmei E. Wang, Allison M. Hodge, Sherly X. Li, Melissa C. Southey, Graham G. Giles, Pierre-Antonie Dugue
Summary: This study assessed the associations between adiposity measures and markers of inflammation, specifically focusing on the kynurenine pathway metabolites. The results showed strong associations between adiposity and kynurenine metabolites, suggesting their potential as valuable markers for monitoring the adverse consequences of obesity.
OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Penghao Sun, Mengli Wang, Yong-Xin Liu, Luqi Li, Xuejun Chai, Wei Zheng, Shulin Chen, Xiaoyan Zhu, Shanting Zhao
Summary: This study found that a high-fat diet disrupts the interactions between gut microbiota and colonocytes, leading to dysfunction in the Trp-Kyn metabolism pathway. The high-fat diet promotes the expansion of Proteobacteria and activates the IDO1-mediated Kyn pathway, causing Trp depletion and Kyn accumulation in the circulation. However, supplementation with butyrate restores mitochondrial function and remodels the gut microbiota, improving serum Kyn accumulation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dai Kato, Tomoyuki Kamata, Michinori Sumimoto
Summary: By studying nanocarbon film electrodes, we successfully detected tryptophan metabolites, particularly kynurenic acid (KYNA), due to the superior electrode properties and unique structure of the nanocarbon film. The sp(2)/sp(3) ratio of the nanocarbon film plays a crucial role in electrode activity, potential window, and electrode performance, with nanocarbon films containing high sp(3) content exhibiting better performance and theoretical oxidation potential values matching experimental results.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Keshvari Maryam, Heidarianpour Ali
Summary: Obesity caused by a high-fat diet in elderly is a risk factor for insulin resistance and diabetes and can lead to impaired cognitive function. Physical exercise has positive effects in reducing obesity and improving brain function. The study found that both aerobic and resistance exercises are equally effective in reducing cognitive dysfunction in obese elderly rats.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Duygu Eryavuz Onmaz, Abdullah Sivrikaya, Kevser Isik, Sedat Abusoglu, Ilknur Albayrak Gezer, Fatma Humeyra Yerlikaya, Gulsum Abusoglu, Ali Unlu, Dilek Tezcan
Summary: The study found altered kynurenine pathway metabolism in AS patients. Conventional therapy and anti-TNF-alpha therapy are effective in reducing the Kynurenine/Tryptophan ratio and CRP levels.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mingxin Dai, Qian Wang, Shanshan Kou, Xinyu Li, Zhenzhou Jiang, Lixin Sun, Xin Huang
Summary: This study reveals the changes in the tryptophan metabolism profile in renal failure, identifies potential biomarkers for renal failure, and provides insights into the mechanisms of diseases related to TRP metabolism disorders.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nikos Papadimitriou, Marc J. Gunter, Neil Murphy, Audrey Gicquiau, David Achaintre, Stefanie Brezina, Tanja Gumpenberger, Andreas Baierl, Jennifer Ose, Anne J. M. R. Geijsen, Eline H. van Roekel, Andrea Gsur, Biljana Gigic, Nina Habermann, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Ellen Kampman, Matty P. Weijenberg, Per Magne Ueland, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena Katzke, Vittorio Krogh, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Eva Ardanaz, Ruth C. Travis, Matthias B. Schulze, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Sandra M. Colorado-Yohar, Elisabete Weiderpass, Augustin Scalbert, Pekka Keski-Rahkonen
Summary: The study found that higher plasma tryptophan levels may be associated with a lower risk of colon cancer, while increased serotonin levels may be linked to a higher risk of colon cancer. Additionally, the kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio may reflect altered tryptophan metabolism during colon cancer development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Francesco Bartoli, Riccardo M. Cioni, Daniele Cavaleri, Tommaso Callovini, Cristina Crocamo, Blazej Misiak, Jonathan B. Savitz, Giuseppe Carra
Summary: Studies have shown that there may be variations in KP metabolites in individuals with BD according to symptom severity, psychotic features, suicidal behaviors, and sleep disturbances, but the relationship between KP metabolites and depression severity is mixed and inconsistent.
EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Arduino A. Mangoni, Angelo Zinellu
Summary: There is a growing interest in the role of the kynurenine pathway in regulating immune function and inflammation in rheumatic diseases (RD). This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the link between this pathway and RD by examining the levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, and other relevant metabolites in RD patients and healthy controls. The analysis of selected studies revealed significantly lower tryptophan levels and higher kynurenine levels, kynurenine to tryptophan ratios, 3-hydroxykynurenine levels, and quinolinic acid concentrations in RD patients compared to controls. However, the levels of kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, kynurenic acid to kynurenine ratio, and quinolinic acid to kynurenine acid ratio did not show significant differences. Subgroup analysis showed consistent results across different types of RD, except for rheumatoid arthritis. Further research is needed to determine the potential diagnostic and management utility of these biomarkers in RD patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juan Ballesteros, Daniel Rivas, Gustavo Duque
Summary: Tryptophan is essential for vitamin B3 synthesis and plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and DNA production. Changes in tryptophan metabolism can impact aging and musculoskeletal health. The kynurenine pathway, involved in tryptophan breakdown, is influenced by inflammatory factors, leading to inflammaging in older individuals. Increased levels of these factors have been linked to osteoporosis, sarcopenia, osteosarcopenia, and frailty. Chronic inflammation and alterations in gut microbiota disrupt the kynurenine pathway, resulting in elevated levels of toxic metabolites associated with these conditions. However, anabolic products of this pathway, such as picolinic acid, have shown positive effects on muscle and bone. Physical activity can also modulate this pathway by promoting the secretion of anabolic kynurenines. Kynurenines may serve as promising biomarkers for osteoporosis, sarcopenia, osteosarcopenia, and frailty in older individuals, and some metabolites could become important targets for pharmacological treatments.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Woo-Jin Lee, Young Nam Kwon, Boram Kim, Jangsup Moon, Kyung-Il Park, Kon Chu, Jung-Joon Sung, Sang Kun Lee, Sung-Min Kim, Soon-Tae Lee
Summary: This study investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (MOGAE) in adult patients. The results showed that the outcomes varied according to the three phenotypes in MOGAE. Short immunotherapy maintenance was associated with relapse, and brain atrophy and dual antibodies of NMDAR and MOG were associated with poor outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Mi-Kyoung Kang, Seon-Jae Ahn, Jiyeon Ha, Sung Hye Park, Jangsup Moon, Kon Chu
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seondeuk Kim, Jangsup Moon, Keun-Hwa Jung, Seon-Jae Anh, Han Sang Lee, Yoonhyuk Jang, Kyung-Il Park, Sang Kun Lee, Kon Chu
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the genetic tests of clinical FCCM patients and found that brainstem lesions could be a radiologic marker for FCCM with the mutation detected. The age-related disease burden regarding FCCM was also demonstrated according to genetic information.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Do-Won Jeong, Jong-Wan Park, Kyeong Seog Kim, Jiyoung Kim, June Huh, Jieun Seo, Ye Lee Kim, Joo-Youn Cho, Kwang-Woong Lee, Junji Fukuda, Yang-Sook Chun
Summary: This study demonstrates that palmitic acid (PA) acts as a molecular checkpoint of lipid reprogramming in liver cancer cells. PA mediates the palmitoylation of PHF2, leading to ubiquitin-dependent degradation of PHF2 and reducing lipogenesis. Additionally, PHF2 functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and destabilizes the master transcription factor of lipogenesis, SREBP1c. The induction of PA triggers the PHF2/SREBP1c axis, which increases lipogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, monitoring dietary PA levels may be important for HCC patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xu Jiang, Sungyeun Bae, Deok Yong Yoon, Shin Jung Park, Jaeseong Oh, Joo-Youn Cho, Kyung-Sang Yu
Summary: The pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of two formulations of empagliflozin were compared in healthy subjects. The study found that CKD-370, a cocrystal formulation, had similar PK characteristics to the reference treatment and both formulations were well tolerated.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yujin Lee, Joo-Youn Cho, Ky Young Cho
Summary: Pediatric obesity is linked to changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites, but the impact on obesity and lifestyle interventions is still unknown. This study examined metabolomes and microbial features to understand metabolic pathways and the effects of lifestyle interventions on pediatric obesity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kyung-Il Park, Sungeun Hwang, Hyoshin Son, Kon Chu, Ki-Young Jung, Sang Kun Lee
Summary: This study aimed to identify factors related to PER retention and polytherapy pattern. Among 2,655 patients with epilepsy, 328 patients were enrolled. The retention of PER was associated with younger age at onset, indicating longer usage in patients with a lower age at onset.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hyoshin Son, Kyung-Il Park, Dae-Seop Shin, Jangsup Moon, Soon -Tae Lee, Keun-Hwa Jung, Ki-Young Jung, Kon Chu, Sang Kun Lee
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the supportive value of the morphometric analysis program (MAP) in detecting focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in a single institution in Korea. The MAP, combined with interpretations by radiologists, was found to increase the detection rate of FCD. The MAP showed the strongest ability in detecting FCD IIa and was not affected by the type of reference scanner.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Seondeuk Kim, Seoyeon Kim, Yoonhyuk Jang, Kon Chu
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yoonhyuk Jang, Kwanghoon Lee, Cheol Lee, Kon Chu, Sang Kun Lee, Jae-Kyung Won, Soon-Tae Lee
Summary: By comparing NMDARe-associated teratomas with non-encephalitic control teratomas, it was found that there were no significant differences in mutations between the two types of teratomas in terms of genomic analysis. Pathologic analysis revealed similar presence of neuronal tissue and lymphocytic infiltration between the two groups, but rituximab-naive encephalitic teratomas showed a higher frequency of germinal center formation.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yeonseo Jang, Jihyun Kang, Sejung Hwang, Jae-Yong Chung, Joo-Youn Cho
Summary: This study established an accurate method for the quantitation of CP-I and CP-III and applied it in a clinical pharmacology study. The method showed good linearity, precision, and accuracy, and remained stable after dilution. It can effectively monitor drug-drug interactions mediated by OATP1B.
TRANSLATIONAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kyung-Il Park, Keun-Hwa Jung, Eung-Joon Lee, Woo-Jin Lee, Seol Ah Hwang, Sohyun Kim, David H. Salat
Summary: The burden of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) was categorized into three classes based on the integration of white matter signal abnormalities (WMSA) features and the presence of lacunes, microbleeds, and enlarged perivascular spaces. This categorization improved the understanding of SVD pathophysiology, risk stratification, and outcome prediction.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
