News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chris Woolston
Summary: The National Academies report highlights the mental health crisis among graduate students on campuses nationwide.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Shu Seki, Zhuowei Li
Summary: A two-dimensional conjugated polymer with low electron effective masses and high mobility is synthesized, suggesting that it could serve as a viable alternative to silicon-based semiconductors.
Article
Soil Science
Laurel Lynch, Andrew Margenot, Francisco Calderon, Jessica Ernakovich
Summary: Accelerating permafrost thaw increases organic matter availability in high-latitude ecosystems. The chemical composition of permafrost-derived organic matter influences microbial metabolic efficiency, which can determine the Arctic's role as a carbon sink or a source of greenhouse gases. This study investigated shifts in soil and dissolved organic matter chemistry during a thaw experiment, and found that permafrost depth and enzyme activities correlated with changes in organic matter chemistry. Understanding these patterns can help improve projections of Arctic carbon storage during global change.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Victor M. Chernyshev, Valentine P. Ananikov
Summary: This paper discusses the key similarities and differences between Pd and Ni in catalytic systems. Ni has higher reactivity and stability in oxidative addition or insertion reactions compared to Pd. Additionally, Ni can exist in various oxidation states, while Pd can easily form particle mixtures with different oxidation states. However, Ni systems are more sensitive to oxidizers and require higher catalyst loadings.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Suresh S. Ramalingam
Summary: Cancer journal, as one of the oldest and most prestigious oncology journals, aims to bring the best of science to a broad audience, with a strong focus on research that directly impacts the lives of cancer patients.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandra Witze
Summary: A team has detected a significant increase in lightning strikes in the Arctic, potentially linked to climate change, but others are unable to confirm these findings at this time.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Zhuang Yao, Hyeon Jeong Seong, Yu -Sin Jang
Summary: The invention and widespread use of plastics have brought convenience to modern life but also caused serious environmental issues. Current disposal methods are expensive and unsustainable, hence research is increasingly focusing on the biodegradation of plastics like polyethylene.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiang Zhao, Fengqi You
Summary: This study compares the environmental hazards of aquatic macro- and microplastic debris using a holistic life cycle assessment approach. The results show that microplastics, especially those smaller than 10μm, exhibit higher freshwater ecotoxicity in drainage basins. Additionally, high microplastic concentrations can lead to air pollution through particulate matter formation and photochemical ozone formation. The study also highlights the environmental drawbacks of plastic mismanagement, particularly the microplastic formulation and removal in drinking water treatment plants, which contribute significantly to the overall ecotoxicity effect of plastic waste.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Mark Sims, Sotiris Kyriakou, Aidan Matthews, Michael E. E. Deary, Valery N. N. Kozhevnikov
Summary: It has been discovered in this study that the coordination of Re(i) to a 1,2,4-triazine ring can significantly accelerate the reaction rate with bicyclooctyne (BCN) by a factor of 55. Comparative analysis with corresponding 1,2,4,5-tetrazine analogues showed that the increased reactivity of triazine is more profound and different than tetrazines, which can be attributed to its lower distortion energy, more favorable interaction energy, and lower Pauli repulsion.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Christiaan Monden, Gilles Pison, Jeroen Smits
Summary: Since the 1980s, the global twinning rate has increased by a third, with substantial increases observed in many countries in Europe, North America, and Asia. Asia and Africa are currently home to 80% of all twin deliveries in the world, but Europe, North America, and Oceania are rapidly catching up. The rise in medically assisted reproduction in recent decades is a key factor contributing to the peak in the absolute and relative number of twins worldwide.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rudolf A. Werner, Takahiro Higuchi, Martin G. Pomper, Steven P. Rowe
Summary: Theranostics in nuclear oncology has achieved success by utilizing image-guided therapeutic concepts for various cancers, leading to prolonged survival and safety for patients. The use of theranostic agents continues to be an attractive treatment option in oncology, targeting established and emerging molecular markers for diagnostics and therapeutics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhao Jie Chen, Yun Lv, Xiao Yan Zhai, Hong Yang
Summary: The study found that MTR significantly affects the growth and toxicological responses in rice, with identified transcriptional components responsible for MTR degradation. Exposure to environmentally realistic MTR concentrations upregulated numerous genes in roots and shoots, involving MTR-degradative enzymes and resistance to environmental stress. HRLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was used to characterize MTR metabolites, unveiling the detailed degradative mechanisms and pathways of MTR.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ana Juan-Garcia, Hannu Pakkanen, Cristina Juan, Eeva-Riikka Vehniainen
Summary: This study investigated the potential toxicity and basic mechanism of BEA and ENN B in D. magna. The results showed that these mycotoxins had negative effects on the survival and movement of D. magna at certain concentrations, and they also affected the gene expression in D. magna.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sildiane Martins Cantanhe, Irina Sofia Cardoso de Carvalho, Franciele Rovasi Adolfo, Gabriela Leal, Gabriel Moraes Reis, Leandro Machado de Carvalho, Luciano Fogaca de Assis Montag, Lilian Lund Amado
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of bauxite mining on metal concentrations in the Eastern Amazon and analyzed the antioxidant and oxidative damage responses in fish. The results showed increased metal concentrations in water and sediment due to mining activities, leading to oxidative stress in fish.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Douglas M. M. Soares, Dielle P. Procopio, Caio K. Zamuner, Bianca B. Nobrega, Monalisa R. Bettim, Gustavo de Rezende, Pedro M. Lopes, Arthur B. D. Pereira, Etelvino J. H. Bechara, Anderson G. Oliveira, Renato S. Freire, Cassius Stevani
Summary: Environmental pollutants have a negative impact on fauna, flora, and human health. Fungi play a crucial role in decomposition and can be used for environmental monitoring.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
