Review
Neurosciences
Olivia Lauren Campbell, Alexander Mark Weber
Summary: This review provides an overview of scale-free dynamics and monofractal analysis in neuroscience research, specifically in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). It emphasizes the use of the Hurst exponent to measure the complexity and scale-invariance of brain signaling. The article highlights the advantages, challenges, and future directions of fMRI monofractal analysis, aiming to promote its understanding, discussion, and application in the field.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhenyue Chen, Irmak Gezginer, Mark-Aurel Augath, Yu-Hang Liu, Ruiqing Ni, Xose Luis Dean-Ben, Daniel Razansky
Summary: This article reports on the development of a fully hybridized system enabling concurrent functional magnetic resonance optoacoustic tomography (MROT) measurements of stimulus-evoked brain-wide sensory responses in mice. The results indicate that the BOLD signals are highly correlated, both spatially and temporally, with the total hemoglobin readings resolved with volumetric multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography. Furthermore, the differential oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin optoacoustic readings exhibit superior sensitivity as compared to the BOLD signals when detecting stimulus-evoked hemodynamic responses.
Article
Neurosciences
Zhoufan Jiang, Yanming Wang, ChenWei Shi, Yueyang Wu, Rongjie Hu, Shishuo Chen, Sheng Hu, Xiaoxiao Wang, Bensheng Qiu
Summary: By incorporating attention modules and four-dimensional convolution operations, the proposed model accurately interprets brain cognitive states from neuroimaging signals and outperforms previous research in task benchmarks, showing promising potential for neuroscience research.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
N. Tuovinen, A. Stefani, T. Mitterling, A. Heidbreder, B. Frauscher, E. R. Gizewski, W. Poewe, B. Hoegl, C. Scherfler
Summary: Patients with restless legs syndrome showed alterations in connectivity within different resting-state networks, with some networks showing increased connectivity and others showing decreased connectivity, corresponding to regions associated with attention, response inhibitory control, and processing of sensory information. Patients on dopaminergic medication displayed increased connectivity between the thalamus and prefrontal regions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Beatriz Martin-Luengo, Oksana Zinchenko, Aleksandra Dolgoarshinnaia, Alina Leminen
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis on the neural basis of metamemory judgments by using the activation likelihood estimation method in functional magnetic resonance imaging studies, revealing specific brain structures involved in confidence evaluations. The involvement of the right precuneus in evaluating low confidence memories was emphasized, contributing to a better understanding of the neural basis of metamemory and potentially leading to more precise neuromodulatory interventions for patients with metamemory problems.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andra Braban, Robert Leech, Kevin Murphy, Fatemeh Geranmayeh
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between hemodynamic lag and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) following stroke using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The findings suggest that the hemodynamic responses derived from fMRI can be affected by vascular insult, resulting in reduced magnitude and temporal delays in the response. However, the contribution of altered CVR to hemodynamic lag is negligible, and other factors, such as intrinsic neural network dynamics, may play a larger role.
Article
Neurosciences
Julia Fietz, Dorothee Poehlchen, Florian P. Binder, Michael Czisch, Philipp G. Saemann, Victor Spoormaker
Summary: The diameter of the human pupil can track working memory processing, with recent research showing a connection to activity in both the frontoparietal network and the salience network. The combination of pupil measurements and fMRI can be a valuable tool for dissecting subprocesses related to working memory load and stimulus salience.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Claus Z. Simonsen, Thabele M. Leslie-Mazwi, Gotz Thomalla
Summary: Reperfusion therapy has been shown to be effective for stroke with unknown time of onset, but challenges in clinical practice exist due to variability in data and different imaging paradigms. Physicians need to consider which imaging approach to use when guiding reperfusion treatment for these patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Petra Hnilicova, Ema Kantorova, Stanislav Sutovsky, Milan Grofik, Kamil Zelenak, Egon Kurca, Norbert Zilka, Petra Parvanovova, Martin Kolisek
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by perturbed cerebral perfusion and metabolism, induced proinflammatory processes, and the aggregation of amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylated Tau proteins. Various imaging methods can detect subclinical AD changes, and new insights suggest a link between brain insulin resistance and AD pathogenesis. This article discusses the use of non-neuronal imaging modalities to assess AD-related structural changes in the liver and pancreas, which may be clinically important during the prodromal phase of the disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Erin E. O'Connor, Edith Sullivan, Linda Chang, Dima A. Hammoud, Tony W. Wilson, Ann B. Ragin, Christina S. Meade, Jennifer Coughlin, Beau M. Ances
Summary: Neuroimaging research is crucial in detecting HIV-associated brain abnormalities and understanding the impact of confounding factors. It is important to use sensitive methods and consider potential confounders when studying brain structure and function in virally suppressed PWH.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicole Espinosa, Shantel L. Duffy, Haley M. LaMonica, Loren Mowszowski, Ian B. Hickie, Jake R. Palmer, Sharon L. Naismith, Andrew C. McKinnon
Summary: The study investigates the thalamic volumes in older adults with early-onset depression (EOD). It found that individuals with EOD had significantly larger bilateral, right and left hemispheric thalamic volumes compared to the control group. Younger age and lower education level were associated with larger thalamic volumes. However, no significant correlations were found between thalamic volumes and cognitive performance. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of these changes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jing Sui, Xiang Li, Ryan P. Bell, Sheri L. Towe, Syam Gadde, Nan-Kuei Chen, Christina S. Meade
Summary: This study investigated the impact of HIV infection on brain structure and function using multimodal MRI scanning and neuropsychological testing. The results showed that individuals living with HIV had lower cognitive functioning and that alterations in brain structure and function could distinguish between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Darius A. Gerlach, Jorge Manuel, Alex Hoff, Hendrik Kronsbein, Fabian Hoffmann, Karsten Heusser, Heimo Ehmke, Jens Jordan, Jens Tank, Florian Beissner
Summary: The study utilized high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging to reveal the hypothalamic and medullary responses to acute hypoxia in healthy men, providing insights into the central pathways integrating chemoreflexes and the potential for studying cardiovascular disease and responses to chemoreceptor modulation.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sirui Li, Yuan Zheng, Wenbo Sun, Samo Lasic, Filip Szczepankiewicz, Qing Wei, Shihong Han, Shuheng Zhang, Xiaoli Zhong, Liang Wang, Huan Li, Yuxiang Cai, Dan Xu, Zhiqiang Li, Qiang He, Danielle van Westen, Karin Bryskhe, Daniel Topgaard, Haibo Xu
Summary: The DIVIDE technique shows promise for characterizing and diagnosing gliomas, with the potential to differentiate between different grades, molecular features, and microstructural characteristics of tumors. The diffusion metrics obtained from DIVIDE imaging are able to accurately distinguish between high-grade and low-grade gliomas, as well as between wild-type and mutated IDH tumors.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ilaria Boscolo Galazzo, Federica Cruciani, Lorenza Brusini, Ahmed Salih, Petia Radeva, Silvia Francesca Storti, Gloria Menegaz
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in using machine learning and deep learning techniques for predicting brain age, and explores the application of explainable artificial intelligence methods in biomedicine.
IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christina M. Ackerman-Banks, Olga Grechukhina, Erica Spatz, Lisbet Lundsberg, Josephine Chou, Graeme Smith, Victoria R. Greenberg, Uma M. Reddy, Xiao Xu, Jane O'Bryan, Shelby Smith, Lauren Perley, Heather S. Lipkind
Summary: This study assessed the development of chronic hypertension in women with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) compared to normotensive women after 6 to 12 months postpartum. The findings showed that women with HDP had a 4-fold increased odds of developing new chronic hypertension and increased 30-year cardiovascular disease risk.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Meriah Drabkin, Jessica Pudwell, Graeme N. Smith
Summary: We compared levels of cannabis and other substance use before and after the legalization of cannabis in the obstetric population of the Kingston General Hospital (KGH). Our findings showed that there was no difference in the prevalence of cannabis use in our sample after legalization. Therefore, healthcare providers should discuss cannabis with patients who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy.
JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Kimberly Amador, Matthias Wilms, Anthony Winder, Jens Fiehler, Nils D. Forkert
Summary: A novel deep spatio-temporal convolutional neural network is proposed to predict treatment-dependent stroke lesion outcomes by utilizing raw 4D CTP data, which outperforms current methods using perfusion maps.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sumaiya Adam, Harold David McIntyre, Kit Ying Tsoi, Anil Kapur, Ronald C. Ma, Stephanie Dias, Pius Okong, Moshe Hod, Liona C. Poon, Graeme N. Smith, Lina Bergman, Esraa Algurjia, Patrick O'Brien, Virna P. Medina, Cynthia Maxwell, Lesley Regan, Mary L. Rosser, Bo Jacobsson, Mark A. Hanson, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects approximately 17 million pregnancies worldwide. Women with a history of GDM are at a significantly higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease compared to those without prior GDM. Although prevention and delayed progression of GDM to type 2 diabetes is possible, it is not widely practiced. Considering the increasing rates of type 2 diabetes and CVD in women globally, it is crucial to utilize pregnancy as an opportunity for early identification and preventive intervention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Cynthia Maxwell, Rachelle Shirley, Amy C. O'Higgins, Mary L. Rosser, Patrick O'Brien, Moshe Hod, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Virna P. Medina, Graeme N. Smith, Mark A. Hanson, Sumaiya Adam, Ronald C. Ma, Anil Kapur, Harold David McIntyre, Bo Jacobsson, Liona C. Poon, Lina Bergman, Lesley Regan, Esraa Algurjia, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Obesity is a chronic, progressive, relapsing, and treatable neurobehavioral disease that affects women's health and requires a focus on optimizing health outcomes rather than weight loss. Appropriate and sensitive language, as well as trauma-informed care, is necessary when discussing obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Liona C. Poon, Long Nguyen-Hoang, Graeme N. Smith, Lina Bergman, Patrick O'Brien, Moshe Hod, Pius Okong, Anil Kapur, Cynthia Maxwell, Harold David McIntyre, Bo Jacobsson, Esraa Algurjia, Mark A. Hanson, Mary L. Rosser, Ronald C. Ma, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Lesley Regan, Sumaiya Adam, Virna P. Medina, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, accounting for 16% of maternal deaths in high-income countries and approximately 25% in low- and middle-income countries. HDP increases the risk of future cardiovascular disease. Failure to achieve normal cardiovascular adaptation during pregnancy is associated with the development of HDP. Women with a history of HDP may experience long-term hemodynamic alterations, predisposing them to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is crucial to identify underlying cardiovascular risk factors during pregnancy and the postpartum period and develop strategies for lifestyle and therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular disease in women with a history of HDP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Natalie Dayan, Graeme Smith, Atanas Nedelchev, Haim Abenhaim, Richard Brown, Deborah Da Costa, Suhad Ali, Jesseca Perlman, Tuong-Vi Nguyen, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Wael Abdelmageed, Sonia Semenic
Summary: This study aims to test whether a self-efficacy enhancing breastfeeding intervention can improve breastfeeding outcomes and lower postpartum blood pressure in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). If effective, this enhanced breastfeeding support can be widely implemented in women lactating after HDP.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ainsley M. Johnstone, Jessica Pudwell, Christina M. Ackerman-Banks, Lisbet S. Lundsberg, Heather S. Lipkind, Graeme N. Smith
Summary: Patients with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease postpartum, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein can be used as a marker to identify this risk. The study found that patients with elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the postpartum period have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease within 6 to 12 months.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jordan J. Bannister, Matthias Wilms, J. David Aponte, David C. Katz, Ophir D. Klein, Francois P. Bernier, Richard A. Spritz, Benedikt Hallgrimsson, Nils D. Forkert
Summary: Human genetic syndromes are difficult to diagnose clinically, and facial phenotype plays a crucial role in diagnosis. Computer-assisted facial phenotyping has shown promise in aiding diagnosis. This study compares the performance of 2D and 3D image-based approaches to syndrome diagnosis and finds that 3D surface-based classification models outperform 2D image-based models. These findings suggest that the adoption of 3D facial scanning technology and collection of syndromic 3D facial scan data can greatly improve face-based syndrome diagnosis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Patrick W. Stroman, Jocelyn M. Powers, Gabriela Ioachim
Summary: This paper demonstrates a novel network analysis method for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The method combines structural equation modeling (SEM) and physiological response modeling to explain interconnected regions' blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) responses. The results show that the method can estimate both input and output signaling of each region and provide weighting factors for the influence of input signals on output signaling. The results also suggest that individual differences in nociceptive processing are mediated by differences in descending regulation of spinal cord neurons under the influence of certain brain regions.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Meng Wang, Thierry Chekouo, Zahinoor Ismail, Nils D. Forkert, David B. Hogan, Aravind Ganesh, Richard Camicioli, Dallas Seitz, Michael J. Borrie, Ging-Yuek Robin Hsiung, Mario Masellis, Paige Moorhouse, Carmela Tartaglia, Eric E. Smith, Tolulope T. Sajobi
Summary: The study aimed to develop and validate a Bayesian risk prediction model combining research cohort data and expert knowledge to predict dementia progression in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The results showed that adding expert knowledge did not improve the accuracy of the model in predicting dementia progression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Elena Koning, Jocelyn M. M. Powers, Gabriela Ioachim, Patrick W. W. Stroman
Summary: The somatosensory system plays a crucial role in processing pain signals. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neural connectivity in the brainstem and spinal cord in response to painful and innocuous stimuli. The results showed differences in functional connectivity between specific regions during pain and innocuous conditions, indicating individual differences in pain experience. These findings contribute to our understanding of pain processing at the level of the brainstem and spinal cord.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Christina M. Ackerman-Banks, Jessica Pudwell, Lisbet Lundsberg, Heather S. Lipkind, Graeme N. Smith
Summary: This study aimed to determine if the use of first-degree family history of cardiovascular disease or chronic hypertension could better identify individuals who need postpartum cardiovascular risk screening. The results showed that individuals with a positive family history of chronic hypertension, myocardial infarction, or stroke were more likely to be diagnosed with chronic hypertension and had elevated cardiovascular disease risk.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY MFM
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Raissa Souza, Matthias Wilms, Milton Camacho, G. Bruce Pike, Richard Camicioli, Oury Monchi, Nils D. Forkert
Summary: This study investigates the ability of deep learning models to classify originating site locations directly from MRI scans. The results show that DL models can achieve an accuracy of 85% in classifying sites using T1-weighted and intensity-harmonized T1-weighted scans, while the accuracy drops to 54% when using log-Jacobian deformation maps.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Graeme N. Smith, Natalie Dayan
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
