Article
Pediatrics
Diego Rodriguez-Alvarez, Cristina Rodriguez-De Tembleque, Emilio Cendejas-Bueno, Elena Perez-Costa, Jesus Diez-Sebastian, Pedro De la Oliva
Summary: This study found that exposure to secondhand smoke increases the risk of pulmonary bacterial superinfection and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in severely ill infants with acute bronchiolitis. Tobacco smoke significantly impacts the risk of lower respiratory tract infections in children.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Divisha Bhatia, Veselin Grozdanov, Wolfgang P. Ruf, Jan Kassubek, Albert C. Ludolph, Jochen H. Weishaupt, Karin M. Danzer
Summary: The dysregulation of peripheral immunity in Parkinson's Disease leads to a decrease in T-cell numbers, particularly CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells, and an upregulation of inflammatory genes, which are associated with disease severity. Additionally, PD T cells show increased activation upon stimulation, correlating with disease severity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Paolo Bottau, Lucia Liotti, Eleonora Laderchi, Alessandra Palpacelli, Elisabetta Calamelli, Carlotta Colombo, Laura Serra, Salvatore Cazzato
Summary: Acute Viral Bronchiolitis is a common cause of hospitalization for infants, with international guidelines recommending minimal therapeutic approach and not the use of bronchodilators. However, growing evidence suggests that bronchiolitis has different types and some are strongly associated with asthma features and higher risk for asthma development. A bronchodilator-trial using short-acting beta 2 agonists with metered-dose inhalers and valved holding chambers seems appropriate for children over 6 months old with bronchiolitis while waiting for more research on the relationship between therapeutic options and different phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Annukka Holster, Johanna Terasjarvi, Alex-Mikael Barkoff, Eero Lauhkonen, Sari Tormanen, Merja Helminen, Matti Korppi, Qiushui He, Kirsi Nuolivirta
Summary: The study found an association between the IL17F gene rs763780 polymorphism and childhood asthma at school age, while the other two gene variations did not show significant associations. Children with the IL17F rs763780 gene variant were more likely to use ICS and be diagnosed with atopic dermatitis.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Luping Gong, Yinxin Zhou, Shanjun Shi, Lina Ying, Yan Li, Mingcai Li
Summary: IL-41 expression is increased in the serum of RA patients and positively correlated with disease-related parameters. IL-41 may serve as a potential new diagnostic biomarker for RA.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jon-Anders Tunold, Manuela M. X. Tan, Shunsuke Koga, Hanneke Geut, Annemieke J. M. Rozemuller, Rebecca Valentino, Hiroaki Sekiya, Nicholas B. Martin, Michael G. Heckman, Jose Bras, Rita Guerreiro, Dennis W. Dickson, Mathias Toft, Wilma D. J. van de Berg, Owen A. Ross, Lasse Pihlstrom
Summary: The genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease is associated with amyloid and tau accumulation, while Lewy body pathology is increased with a higher burden of Parkinson's disease risk variants affecting the lysosomal pathway.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elisabetta Cocconcelli, Gioele Castelli, Francesco Onelia, Enrico Lavezzo, Chiara Giraudo, Nicol Bernardinello, Giulia Fichera, Davide Leoni, Marco Trevenzoli, Marina Saetta, Annamaria Cattelan, Andrea Crisanti, Paolo Spagnolo, Elisabetta Balestro
Summary: Viral load in patients with COVID-19 did not differ significantly based on disease severity or prognosis. There were no significant differences in viral load between patients with mild symptoms and those requiring higher intensity medical care, suggesting that viral load may not be useful in risk-stratifying hospitalized patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Cristina Almeida-Santiago, Juan Carlos Quevedo-Abeledo, Maria Vanesa Hernandez-Hernandez, Antonia de Vera-Gonzalez, Alejandra Gonzalez-Delgado, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Gay, Ivan Ferraz-Amaro
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the linear correlation between IL-1ra and IL-6 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their relationship with disease's inflammatory activity. IL-6 and IL-1ra levels were measured in 407 RA patients. No correlation was found between serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1ra. However, both cytokines were positively associated with disease activity and acute phase reactants. After controlling for covariates, disease activity scores were more strongly associated with IL-1ra compared to IL-6.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Peng-Fei Wu, Xing-Hao Zhang, Ping Zhou, Rui Yin, Xiao-Ting Zhou, Wan Zhang
Summary: The study revealed a causal relationship between elevated GDF-15 levels and increased risk of AD, while no causal effect of AD risk on GDF-15 levels was identified. No causal effects were found between GDF-15 and PD or ALS. The results suggest GDF-15 as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for AD.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Cintia Munoz-Quiles, Monica Lopez-Lacort, Javier Diez-Domingo, Alejandro Orrico-Sanchez
Summary: There is a correlation between severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and an increased risk of recurrent wheezing (RW) and asthma, although a causal relationship has not been established. A retrospective study involving a population-based cohort of 339,814 children found that bronchiolitis in the first 2 years of life, regardless of cause and severity, was associated with a 3-fold increased risk of RW/asthma at 2-4 years and a higher prevalence of asthma at 5 years of age. This risk was similar for children with mild bronchiolitis as well as those with hospitalized RSV and non-RSV bronchiolitis, with a higher risk observed in children with hospitalized non-RSV bronchiolitis. The likelihood of RW/asthma was higher when bronchiolitis occurred after 6 months of age. These findings support the hypothesis of a shared predisposition to bronchiolitis (regardless of cause) and RW/asthma. However, given that 60% of hospitalized bronchiolitis cases in the study were due to RSV, RSV prevention strategies should be a priority.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Joseph P. McGinley, Gu Lung Lin, Deniz Oner, Tanya Golubchik, Daniel O'Connor, Matthew D. Snape, Olivier Gruselle, Annefleur C. Langedijk, Joanne Wildenbeest, Peter Openshaw, Harish Nair, Jeroen Aerssens, Louis Bont, Federico Martinon-Torres, Simon B. Drysdale, Andrew J. Pollard
Summary: The study evaluated the association between the severity of RSV disease and host age, viral load, and RSV subtypes. Younger infants were more likely to have severe RSV disease, while older infants, higher viral load, and RSV-A were associated with fever. RSV-A and RSV-B caused similar disease severity.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jieyun Zhu, Jielong Pang, Pan Ji, Zhimei Zhong, Hongyuan Li, Bocheng Li, Jianfeng Zhang, Junyu Lu
Summary: Coagulation dysfunction is common in severe COVID-19 patients and is associated with the severity of the disease. Patients who died had higher levels of D-dimer, longer prothrombin time, and lower platelet count compared to those who survived.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marlene Tejeda, John Farrell, Congcong Zhu, Lee Wetzler, Kathryn L. Lunetta, William S. Bush, Eden R. Martin, Li-San Wang, Gerard D. Schellenberg, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, Jonathan L. Haines, Lindsay A. Farrer, Richard Sherva
Summary: This study examines the association between viral infection and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk by comparing the frequencies of viral species in AD cases and controls. The results indicate that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and human papillomavirus 71 (HPV-71) are significantly associated with AD. The findings support the hypothesis that viral infection, particularly HSV-1, is linked to AD risk.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Peeters, Julie Schenk, Thomas De Somer, Tania Roskams, Tatjana Locus, Sofieke Klamer, Lorenzo Subissi, Vanessa Suin, Jean Delwaide, Peter Starkel, Stephane De Maeght, Philippe Willems, Isabelle Colle, Marc Van Hoof, Jos Van Acker, Christophe Van Steenkiste, Christophe Moreno, Filip Janssens, Marijke Reynders, Matthias Steverlynck, Wim Verlinden, Luc Lasser, Chantal de Galocsy, Anja Geerts, Jeroen Maus, Marie Gallant, Steven Van Outryve, Astrid Marot, Hendrik Reynaert, Jochen Decaestecker, Emmanuel Bottieau, Jonas Schreiber, Jean-Pierre Mulkay, Sebastien de Goeij, Mikhael Salame, Diederik Dooremont, Sergio Negrin Dastis, Juul Boes, Jochen Nijs, Jan Beyls, Niel Hens, Frederik Nevens, Steven Van Gucht, Thomas Vanwolleghem
Summary: In this study, the researchers collected data from 274 confirmed HEV infections at the Belgian National Reference Centre. They found that HEV genotype 3 infections were mainly caused by the efg subtype, and these infections were associated with more severe disease presentation, higher levels of CXCL10, and more pronounced liver inflammation compared to other host risk factors.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lifang Ye, Yu Zuo, Fang Chen, Yuetong Xu, Puli Zhang, Hongxia Yang, Qinglin Peng, Guochun Wang, Xiaoming Shu
Summary: The mRNA levels of adrenomedullin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are elevated in dermatomyositis patients and correlated with the severity and prognosis of interstitial lung disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Catherine D. Darker, Martina Mullin, Louise Doyle, Michelle Tanner, David McGrath, Lena Doherty, Katrin Dreyer-Gibney, Emer M. Barrett, Deirdre Flynn, Patricia Murphy, Jo-Hanna H. Ivers, Eilish Burke, Michele Ryan, Mary McCarron, Paula Murphy, Orla Sheils, David Hevey, Aisling Leen, Leah Keogh, Breda Walls, Annemarie E. Bennett, Freja Petersen, Ann Nolan, Joe M. Barry
Summary: This article introduces the 'Healthy Trinity' initiative at Trinity College Dublin, aiming to promote the health and wellbeing of staff and students through a multi-faceted approach and collaborative efforts. The initiative achieved some successes and encountered challenges by focusing on both individual and organizational responsibility.
HEALTH PROMOTION INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Hongan Li, Guanyi Wang, Qiaozhi Hua, Zheng Wen, Zhanli Li, Ting Lei
Summary: This paper proposes an improved image watermark removal convolutional network model based on deep image prior to enhance the ability of watermark removal and improve image quality. The model incorporates deep image prior, stair loss, L1 loss, and perceptual loss to achieve better results. It is especially suitable for IoT applications based on federated learning.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mingxue Cui, Hong Zhou, Bin Zhang, Michael J. Carr, Weifeng Shi
Summary: In this study, singleplex and dual-target qRT-PCR assays were developed for the detection of TAMV, showing high sensitivity and specificity. The TaqMan-based qRT-PCR method can be used for epidemiological surveillance and pathogenesis studies of TAMV.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shinsuke Toba, Akihiko Sato, Makoto Kawai, Yoshiyuki Taoda, Yuto Unoh, Shinji Kusakabe, Haruaki Nobori, Shota Uehara, Kentaro Uemura, Keiichi Taniguchi, Masanori Kobayashi, Takeshi Noshi, Ryu Yoshida, Akira Naito, Takao Shishido, Junki Maruyama, Slobodan Paessler, Michael J. Carr, William W. Hall, Kumiko Yoshimatsu, Jiro Arikawa, Keita Matsuno, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Michihito Sasaki, Yasuko Orba, Hirofumi Sawa, Hiroshi Kida
Summary: The study identified a potential antiviral drug that can effectively inhibit the replication of bunyaviruses and influenza viruses, suggesting its broad-spectrum clinical utility in treating severe hemorrhagic fevers and influenza.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Xin Qi, Keping Yu, Toshio Sato, Kouichi Shibata, Isao Konno, Takanori Tokutake, Rikiya Eguchi, Yusuke Maruyama, Zheng Wen, Kazuhiko Tamesue, Yutaka Katsuyama, Kazue Sako, Takuro Sato
Summary: Distributed ledger technology is gaining popularity in the IoT field, and there is a challenge in optimizing point transfer systems in LPWAN due to the large amount of data generated by ledger management systems and the limitations of low-bandwidth networks.
WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & MOBILE COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zoe Yandle, Gabriel Gonzalez, Michael Carr, Jelle Matthijnssens, Cillian De Gascun
Summary: This study developed an unbiased methodology using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) sequencing to obtain whole-genome sequences (WGS) of Rotavirus A (RVA) from clinical samples. The developed protocol generated 146 near-complete RVA WGS out of the 157 RVA-positive clinical samples, with high quality and accuracy. The protocol can be extended to other viral agents in other sample types.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Karen M. Ryan, Paul Smyth, Gordon Blackshields, Laura Kranaster, Alexander Sartorius, Orla Sheils, Declan M. McLoughlin
Summary: MiRNA expression changes in the hippocampus were examined using next-generation sequencing technology during electroconvulsive stimulation in rats. Six miRNAs were found to be significantly differentially expressed, and some of these miRNAs were also altered in patients with depression receiving medication treatment. These findings may provide insights into the mechanism of action of electroconvulsive therapy and the neurobiology of depression.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Shaoqiong Liu, Ziqi Cui, Michael J. Carr, Ling Meng, Weifeng Shi, Zhenjie Zhang
Article
Psychiatry
Sinead King, David Mothersill, Laurena Holleran, Saahithh Redddi Patlola, Tom Burke, Ross McManus, Marcus Kenyon, Colm McDonald, Brian Hallahan, Aiden Corvin, Derek W. W. Morris, John P. P. Kelly, Declan P. P. McKernan, Gary Donohoe
Summary: Childhood trauma is associated with lower cognitive and social cognitive function in schizophrenia. Recent research suggests that the relationship between childhood trauma and cognition is mediated by low-grade systemic inflammation and reduced connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) during resting state. This study aimed to determine if the same pattern of associations was observed for DMN connectivity during task based activity. Results showed that patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder exhibited evidence of low-grade systemic inflammation and increased connectivity between specific brain regions compared to healthy participants. Furthermore, the inflammatory marker IL-6 mediated the relationship between childhood physical neglect and DMN connectivity. These findings provide the first evidence that higher plasma IL-6 mediates the association between childhood neglect and increased DMN connectivity during task based activity, contributing to our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between childhood trauma and cognitive function in schizophrenia.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Rachel MacCann, Alejandro Abner Garcia Leon, Gabriel Gonzalez, Michael J. Carr, Eoin R. Feeney, Obada Yousif, Aoife G. Cotter, Eoghan de Barra, Corinna Sadlier, Peter Doran, Patrick W. Mallon
Summary: This study suggests that early host immune responses, including defects in mast cell activation and interferon responses, are associated with more severe outcomes in COVID-19. Understanding this pathway could lead to better treatments for vulnerable individuals.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Cixiu Li, Shuqi Liu, Hong Zhou, Wei Zhu, Mingxue Cui, Juan Li, Jiao Wang, Jiangyun Liu, Jin Zhu, Weiping Li, Yuhai Bi, Michael J. Carr, Edward C. Holmes, Weifeng Shi
Summary: This study revealed the great capacity of mosquitoes to host a diverse range of RNA viruses, with notable differences in viromic structure between mosquito genera and species. The genetic diversity and abundance of the endosymbiont bacteria Wolbachia also varied between mosquito populations. Mosquitoes play a significant role in shaping the virome's composition and understanding these differences is important.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chuansong Quan, Qinghua Liu, Lijuan Yu, Chunjing Li, Kaixiao Nie, Guoyong Ding, Hong Zhou, Xinli Wang, Wenwen Sun, Huiliang Wang, Maokui Yue, Li Wei, Wenjun Zheng, Qiang Lyu, Weijia Xing, Zhenjie Zhang, Michael J. Carr, Hong Zhang, Weifeng Shi
Summary: By analyzing clinical diagnosis reports of 30 SFTS cases, it was found that there was an excessive proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells (MCP cells, CD38+cLambda+cKappa-) in the bone marrow, which has only been observed in multiple myeloma before. The ratio of CD38+cLambda+ to CD38+cKappa+ in SFTS cases with MCP cells was significantly higher than in normal cases. MCP cells exhibited transient expression in the bone marrow, which differed from multiple myeloma. SFTS patients with MCP cells also showed higher clinical severity. Additionally, MCP cell overproliferation was observed in SFTS virus (SFTSV)-infected mice with lethal doses. Overall, SFTSV infection induces transient overproliferation of monoclonal lambda-type plasma cells, which has important implications for studying SFTSV pathogenesis, prognosis, and therapeutic development.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Andras Surjan, Gabriel Gonzalez, Akos Gellert, Sandor Boldogh, Michael J. Carr, Balazs Harrach, Marton Z. Vidovszky
Summary: Researchers discovered Polyomaviruses (PyVs) in vesper bats from Central Europe. By analyzing conserved segments in the major capsid virus protein 1 (VP1) among known PyVs, they determined the complete genomes of two novel bat PyVs. These findings are important for understanding the host-pathogen restrictions associated with these viruses.
INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Hong Zhou, Jiansheng Liu, Linlin Li, Ju Sun, Qingjuan Wei, Yu Huan, Michael J. Carr, Yuhai Bi, Weifeng Shi
Summary: Influenza C virus (ICV) was detected in five pediatric acute respiratory cases in Shandong, China, with co-infection of other respiratory viruses in four of these cases. The analysis of ICV genomes revealed genetically diverse strains circulating in mainland China.
Article
Immunology
Niamh A. Martin, Gabriel Gonzalez, Liam J. Reynolds, Charlene Bennett, Christine Campbell, Tristan M. Nolan, Alannah Byrne, Sanne Fennema, Niamh Holohan, Sailusha Ratnam Kuntamukkula, Natasha Sarwar, Laura Sala-Comorera, Jonathan Dean, Jose Maria Urtasun-Elizari, Daniel Hare, Emer Liddy, Eadaoin Joyce, John J. O'Sullivan, John M. Cuddihy, Angeline M. McIntyre, Eve P. Robinson, Darren Dahly, Nicola F. Fletcher, Suzanne Cotter, Emer Fitzpatrick, Michael J. Carr, Cillian F. De Gascun, Wim G. Meijer
Summary: During April-July 2022, outbreaks of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology (SAHUE) occurred in 35 countries. HAdV-F41 and AAV2 were found to be correlated with SAHUE through viral metagenomic studies. Analysis of wastewater samples in Ireland revealed a high correlation between HAdV-F41 and AAV2 circulation and SAHUE cases, highlighting the potential of wastewater sampling for respiratory adenovirus surveillance.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
