Interleukin-21 combined with PD-1 or CTLA-4 blockade enhances antitumor immunity in mouse tumor models

Combined IL-21–primed polyclonal CTL plus CTLA4 blockade controls refractory metastatic melanoma in a patient

(2016) Aude G. Chapuis et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Preclinical Development of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab Combination Immunotherapy: Mouse Tumor Models, In Vitro Functional Studies, and Cynomolgus Macaque Toxicology

(2016) Mark J. Selby et al.   PLoS One

PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-1 pathway blockade for cancer therapy: Mechanisms, response biomarkers, and combinations

(2016) Weiping Zou et al.   Science Translational Medicine

FcγRs Modulate the Anti-tumor Activity of Antibodies Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 Axis

(2015) Rony Dahan et al.   CANCER CELL

Overall Survival and Long-Term Safety of Nivolumab (Anti–Programmed Death 1 Antibody, BMS-936558, ONO-4538) in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

(2015) Scott N. Gettinger et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY

Pooled Analysis of Long-Term Survival Data From Phase II and Phase III Trials of Ipilimumab in Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma

(2015) Dirk Schadendorf et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY

Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or Monotherapy in Untreated Melanoma

(2015) James Larkin et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Immune Checkpoint Protein Inhibition for Cancer: Preclinical Justification for CTLA-4 and PD-1 Blockade and New Combinations

(2015) Kathryn Baksh et al.   SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY

Recombinant IL-21 and anti-CD4 antibodies cooperate in syngeneic neuroblastoma immunotherapy and mediate long-lasting immunity

(2014) Valentina Rigo et al.   CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY

Checkpoint blockade cancer immunotherapy targets tumour-specific mutant antigens

(2014) Matthew M. Gubin et al.   NATURE

Interleukin-21: a double-edged sword with therapeutic potential

(2014) Rosanne Spolski et al.   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

Fc-dependent depletion of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells co-defines the efficacy of anti–CTLA-4 therapy against melanoma

(2013) Tyler R. Simpson et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Interleukin-21 Enhances Rituximab Activity in a Cynomolgus Monkey Model of B Cell Depletion and in Mouse B Cell Lymphoma Models

(2013) Cecile M. Krejsa et al.   PLoS One

Anti-CTLA-4 Antibodies of IgG2a Isotype Enhance Antitumor Activity through Reduction of Intratumoral Regulatory T Cells

(2013) M. J. Selby et al.   Cancer Immunology Research

Combination strategies to enhance antitumor ADCC

(2012) Holbrook E Kohrt et al.   Immunotherapy

Preclinical Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Recombinant Human Interleukin-21 in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

(2012) Kimberly S. Waggie et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY

Synergistic effects of soluble PD-1 and IL-21 on antitumor immunity against H22 murine hepatocellular carcinoma

(2012) XIU-CHENG PAN et al.   Oncology Letters

Ipilimumab plus Dacarbazine for Previously Untreated Metastatic Melanoma

(2011) Caroline Robert et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Novel Gamma-Chain Cytokines as Candidate Immune Modulators in Immune Therapies for Cancer

(2010) Natasha M. Fewkes et al.   CANCER JOURNAL

Interleukin-21: updated review of Phase I and II clinical trials in metastatic renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma and relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

(2010) Mehmood H Hashmi et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY

Anti-Programmed Death-1 Synergizes with Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Secreting Tumor Cell Immunotherapy Providing Therapeutic Benefit to Mice with Established Tumors

(2009) B. Li et al.   CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH

Interleukin-21 restrains tumor growth and induces a substantial increase in the number of circulating tumor-specific T cells in a murine model of malignant melanoma

(2009) Charlotte Christie Petersen et al.   CYTOKINE

Blockade of CTLA-4 on both effector and regulatory T cell compartments contributes to the antitumor activity of anti–CTLA-4 antibodies

(2009) Karl S. Peggs et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Angiostatic activity of the antitumor cytokine interleukin-21

(2008) K. Castermans et al.   BLOOD

Immune activation in advanced cancer patients treated with recombinant IL-21: multianalyte profiling of serum proteins

(2008) Michael G. Dodds et al.   CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY

Interleukin 21 Enhances Antibody-Mediated Tumor Rejection

(2008) M. J. Smyth et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Phase I Study of Recombinant Interleukin-21 in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma

(2008) John A. Thompson et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY

Local IL-21 Promotes the Therapeutic Activity of Effector T cells by Decreasing Regulatory T Cells Within the Tumor Microenvironment

(2008) Seunghee Kim-Schulze et al.   MOLECULAR THERAPY