Article
Critical Care Medicine
Polly F. M. Robinson, Sara Fontanella, Sachin Ananth, Aldara Martin Alonso, James Cook, Daphne Kaya-de Vries, Luisa Polo Silveira, Lisa Gregory, Clare Lloyd, Louise Fleming, Andrew Bush, Adnan Custovic, Sejal Saglani
Summary: The study identified four clusters of severe preschool wheeze, distinguished by sensitization, peripheral eosinophilia, lower airway neutrophilia, and bacteriology. Blood tests and pathogen distribution showed significant differences among different pathological clusters.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Annelies Geeraerts, Livia Guadagnoli, Ans Pauwels, Hannelore Geysen, Thomas Neyens, Lukas Van Oudenhove, Tim Vanuytsel, Jan Tack
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between psychological symptoms and reflux phenotype along the GERD spectrum in refractory reflux patients. The findings suggest that psychological symptoms do not differ across reflux phenotypes and do not predict reflux phenotype membership in refractory reflux patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ivan Pavic, Roberta Sarkanji-Golub, Iva Hojsak
Summary: This study demonstrates the diagnostic value of pH-MII monitoring in preschool children with GERD-related wheezing. GERD therapy, particularly the use of PPI, is associated with reduced wheezing episodes. The pH-MII parameters correlate with wheezing reduction, suggesting their potential predictive role. However, BAL does not differentiate between GERD and non-GERD cases.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Abigail Gaylord, Emily S. Barrett, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Shanna H. Swan, Ruby H. N. Nguyen, Nicole R. Bush, Kecia Carroll, Drew B. Day, Kurunthachalam Kannank, Leonardo Trasande
Summary: This study investigated the influence of prenatal exposure to the endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol A on childhood atopic disease. The results showed that there were inverse associations between first trimester bisphenol A concentration and food allergy, while second trimester bisphenol A concentration was positively associated with food allergy. Additionally, prenatal exposure to bisphenol S was found to increase the risk of asthma among males.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xin Wang, You Li, Harish Nair, Harry Campbell
Summary: Early-life severe RSV infection is associated with an increased risk of subsequent asthma and wheeze, and this association weakens over time. The association persists for 6 years in children whose first RSV infection occurs at 6-23 months, with adjusted hazard ratios of 3.9 (95% CI, 3.1-4.9) for the first 2 years, 2.3 (95% CI, 1.6-3.2) for 2 to <4 years, and 1.9 (95% CI, 1.2-2.9) for 4 to <6 years of follow-up. In contrast, the association is only significant for the first 2 years after first RSV infection in children aged 0-6 months.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Brian Hallmark, Ganesa Wegienka, Suzanne Havstad, Dean Billheimer, Dennis Ownby, Eneida A. Mendonca, Lisa Gress, Debra A. Stern, Jocelyn Biagini Myers, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Lori Hoepner, Rachel L. Miller, Robert F. Lemanske, Daniel J. Jackson, Diane R. Gold, George T. O'Connor, Dan L. Nicolae, James E. Gern, Carole Ober, Anne L. Wright, Fernando D. Martinez
Summary: This study explored the association between wheezing phenotypes and 17q12-21 genetic variants in children, revealing four latent classes of wheezing and highlighting the genetic locus as relevant to wheezing. Differences in genetic associations between European American and African American children were also observed, suggesting potential racial/ancestral influences on wheezing phenotypes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Sima K. Ramratnam, Alexandre Lockhart, Cynthia M. Visness, Agustin Calatroni, Daniel J. Jackson, Peter J. Gergen, Leonard B. Bacharier, George T. O'Connor, Megan T. Sandel, Meyer Kattan, Robert A. Wood, James E. Gern
Summary: Maternal stress and depression in early life are positively associated with respiratory illnesses and a moderate-wheeze-low-atopy phenotype in urban children, indicating the importance of addressing these factors to reduce viral respiratory illnesses and recurrent wheeze during early childhood.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Kamil Bar, Maja Litera-Bar, Barbara Sozanska
Summary: Asthma is a chronic pulmonary disease in children, and its causes are still unclear. Both viruses and bacteria are suspected to contribute to the disease. This review examines recent studies on the bacterial microbiota in the upper and lower airways of asthmatic children, as well as studies on preschool wheezers who are difficult to diagnose due to the lack of objective tools. Further research on the microbiome and asthma is needed, as currently there is no specific bacterium that can distinguish asthmatics from healthy individuals and be used as a potential biological factor in disease development and treatment.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rena Yadlapati, Alexander M. Kaizer, Daniel R. Sikavi, Madeline Greytak, Jennifer X. Cai, Thomas L. Carroll, Samir Gupta, Sachin Wani, Paul Menard-Katcher, Tsung-Chin Wu, Philip Weissbrod, Andrew M. Vahabzadeh-Hagh, John E. Pandolfino, Walter W. Chan
Summary: The study identified different clinicophysiologic phenotypes of patients with laryngeal symptoms referred for reflux evaluation, including LPR and GERD with hiatal hernia, mild LPR/GERD, no LPR/No GERD, reflex cough, and mixed/possible obstructive esophagogastric junction, which may inform targeted clinical trial design and improve outcomes.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Mengdi Lu, Augusto A. Litonjua, George T. O'Connor, Robert S. Zeiger, Leonard Bacharier, Michael Schatz, Vincent J. Carey, Scott T. Weiss, Hooman Mirzakhani
Summary: Childhood asthma development is affected by a complex interplay of maternal asthma and prenatal vitamin D status. This study suggests that adequate vitamin D intake throughout pregnancy can help reduce the risk of childhood asthma exacerbated by maternal asthma.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
W. Gerald Teague, Monica G. Lawrence, Sanford Williams, Andrea S. Garrod, Deborah Froh, Stephen V. Early, William Brand, Jeremy P. Middleton, Michael V. Mendoza, Kerry A. Hollis, Kristin Wavell, Peter W. Heymann, John W. Steinke, Larry Borish
Summary: Preschool children with treatment-refractory wheeze were classified into four clusters based on lung lavage variables, including airway malacia, gastroesophageal reflux, indolent human rhinovirus bronchoalveolitis, and type-2 high inflammation. The results provide insights into diagnosing the causes of treatment-refractory wheeze and developing novel therapies targeting airway malacia, human rhinovirus infection, and BAL neutrophilia in preschool children.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Lacey B. Robinson, Anna Chen Arroyo, Ying (Shelly) Qi, Ruth J. Geller, Cindy S. Bauer, Kohei Hasegawa, Ashley F. Sullivan, Carlos A. Camargo
Summary: Exposure to acid suppressant medications during infancy increases the risk of recurrent wheeze and asthma in early childhood, but is not significantly associated with the development of early childhood allergen sensitization.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Navkiran Ranjan, Nidhi Singla, Vishal Guglani, Shivani Randev, Pankaj Kumar
Summary: This study aimed to investigate bacterial colonization in parts of home nebulizers used for children, revealing potential contamination of harmful bacteria. Additionally, findings showed that nearly 20% of parents had never cleaned the nebulizers, and diluent re-use was significantly associated with bacterial colonization.
Article
Surgery
Milena Bologheanu, Aleksa Matic, Joy Feka, Reza Asari, Razvan Bologheanu, Franz M. Riegler, Lisa Gensthaler, Bogdan Osmokrovic, Sebastian F. Schoppmann
Summary: This study evaluated postoperative dysphagia rates, risk factors, and management after magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA). The study found that severe dysphagia requiring intervention was rare after MSA, with only 1% of patients undergoing endoscopic dilatation and 1% treated conservatively for dysphagia. LINX (R) device size <= 13 was identified as the only factor associated with postoperative dysphagia. Overall, postoperative total GERD-HRQL score was significantly lower than preoperative score, and most gastrointestinal symptoms improved in the majority of patients.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
N. J. Talley, M. Zand Irani
Summary: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder that may not respond to initial proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment, and refractory reflux can be challenging to manage. Differential diagnosis is crucial in order to tailor appropriate therapy, and a combination of clinical assessment and testing can help characterize patients for targeted treatment. Newer approaches, such as endoscopic techniques, are being explored as alternative options for refractory reflux.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)