Review
Immunology
Laura Matha, Itziar Martinez-Gonzalez, Catherine A. Steer, Fumio Takei
Summary: ILC2s are a type of cells that play critical roles in defending against parasites and allergens, producing large amounts of inflammatory factors upon activation. Studies have revealed novel properties of post-activation ILC2s, such as the generation of immunological memory and activation-induced migration.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiyu Ma, Jinsong Wang, Lei Hu, Songlin Wang
Summary: Periodontitis is an irreversible inflammatory response that occurs in periodontal tissues. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been found to play a crucial role in regulating immune responses in periodontitis. This review focuses on the intricate crosstalk between ILCs and the microenvironment in periodontal tissue homeostasis for the purpose of regulating or improving immune responses in periodontitis prevention and therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Dan Yang, Xinning Guo, Tingxuan Huang, Chuntao Liu
Summary: Innate lymphoid cells play a crucial role in maintaining mucosal homeostasis and protecting against pathogens, with ILC3s emerging as key mediators of mucosal protection and repair through producing IL-17 and IL-22. Further research is needed to understand the role of pulmonary ILC3s in respiratory infections and chronic pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Xiaoxu Wang, Yue Kong, Bingqing Zheng, Xiaomin Zhao, Mingzhe Zhao, Bin Wang, Chang Liu, Peizheng Yan
Summary: Asthma, a chronic airway inflammatory disease, is on the rise globally. The study of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) is crucial in understanding the different endotypes of asthma. Asthma is divided into type 2 high and type 2 low endotypes based on its pathological and inflammatory features. Multiple cell types, including tissue-resident ILCs and other immune cells, play a role in the complex nature of asthma. This review focuses on the phenotypes and roles of tissue-resident ILCs in asthma endotypes, as well as therapeutic strategies based on immune cell mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Haiping Jia, Huiying Wan, Dingding Zhang
Summary: Atopic dermatitis is a common allergic inflammatory skin condition caused by gene variants, immune disorders, and environmental risk factors. The immune response mediated by T helper 2 cells is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Innate lymphoid cells, especially ILC2s, have been shown to have a significant impact on tissue homeostasis and inflammation. However, the specific role of ILCs in atopic dermatitis still requires further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Kong, Han-Dong Li, Dan Wang, Xiaolin Gao, Chunsheng Yang, Minshu Li, Ting Chang, Qiang Liu
Summary: The study found a correlation between the reduction of ILC2 and disease severity in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and expanding ILC2 could alleviate the pathological conditions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ziyu Wang, Jun Wang
Summary: ILCs, as innate immune cells, play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and are associated with a variety of gastrointestinal diseases due to their complex and pleiotropic characteristics. Their ability to transition among subgroups allows them to function both as promoting and inhibiting cells, impacting disease progression towards either alleviation or deterioration.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Xu-Yang Gao, Bu-Hao Deng, Xin-Rui Li, Yu Wang, Jian-Xin Zhang, Xiao-Yan Hao, Jun-Xing Zhao
Summary: The study found that melatonin enhances the formation of sheep brown adipocytes by activating AMPKα1, reducing lamb mortality and economic losses.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Fan Yang, Liu Liu, Liu Wang, Xiao Ji, Yanglin Zeng, Jing Du, Lan Zhang, Dingming Huang
Summary: This study found that the expression of cGAS increased significantly in periapical lesions, suggesting its involvement in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis. The co-localization of cGAS with IL-1 and IL-18 further indicates its potential role in the development of this condition.
INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Takahiro Matsuyama, Hiromi Matsuyama, Yoichi Dotake, Koichi Takagi, Kentaro Machida, Hiromasa Inoue
Summary: T helper type 2 cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells play a crucial role in asthma, particularly in airway eosinophilic inflammation. These cells are activated by cytokines released by airway epithelial cells and produce high levels of type 2 cytokines. ILC2s induce airway inflammation independently of antigens and may contribute to steroid resistance. Biologics targeting these cytokines and/or their receptors have shown promise in reducing asthma exacerbations and improving lung function and quality of life in asthmatic patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Kathrin Warner, Maryam Ghaedi, Douglas C. C. Chung, Nicolas Jacquelot, Pamela S. Ohashi
Summary: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), the innate counterparts of T cells, play a crucial role in immune responses and have a profound impact on diseases like cancer. ILCs can influence early tumor development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xian Yu, Stephen A. Newland, Tian X. Zhao, Yuning Lu, Andrew S. Sage, Yanyi Sun, Rouchelle S. Sriranjan, Marcella K. L. Ma, Brian Y. H. Lam, Meritxell Nus, James E. Harrison, Simon J. Bond, Xiang Cheng, Jean-Sebastien Silvestre, James H. F. Rudd, Joseph Cheriyan, Ziad Mallat
Summary: ILC2s play a critical role in cardiac healing and improvement of heart function after myocardial infarction. Activation of ILC2 using low-dose IL-2 could be a novel therapeutic strategy to promote a reparative response after MI.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Amy T. Hsu, Timothy A. Gottschalk, Evelyn Tsantikos, Margaret L. Hibbs
Summary: The lung is a vital mucosal organ constantly exposed to the external environment, with an evolved immune system that responds to danger signals and maintains tolerance to harmless aeroantigens. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in the lung play important roles in early responses to pathogens and the development of adaptive immunity, but may also contribute to chronic lung diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hobin Seo, Amisha Verma, Megan Kinzel, Qiutong Huang, Douglas J. J. Mahoney, Nicolas Jacquelot
Summary: Reinvigorating the killing function of tumor-infiltrating immune cells through targeting regulatory molecules has improved the prognosis of cancer patients. Recent investigations suggest that tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), in addition to T lymphocytes, can benefit from immunotherapy. This article discusses the expression of immune checkpoint on ILCs and how their effector function is modulated by checkpoint blockade-based therapies, exploring potential to impede tumor growth and disease progression.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Matsuyama, Kentaro Machida, Keiko Mizuno, Hiromi Matsuyama, Yoichi Dotake, Masahiro Shinmura, Koichi Takagi, Hiromasa Inoue
Summary: Asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) play a crucial role in its pathogenesis and are involved in both steroid resistance and the induction of airway eosinophilic inflammation. Studies have shown that ILC2s induce airway inflammation through interactions with cytokines and other mediators from immune and non-immune cells, collaborating with T helper type 2 cells to organize type 2 immune responses. The increased frequencies of ILC2s in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthma patients, especially in severe asthmatics, contribute to the regulation of immune response in asthma.
Article
Cell Biology
Lianyi Xu, Xiaojuan Sun, Guangxun Zhu, Jing Mao, Babak Baban, Xu Qin
Summary: The study demonstrated that simvastatin could promote osteogenic differentiation of PDLCs and attenuate local inflammation by modulating the AMPK/MAPK/NF-kB inhibition pathway.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Babak Baban, Molly Braun, Hesam Khodadadi, Ayobami Ward, Katelyn Alverson, Aneeq Malik, Khoi Nguyen, Skon Nazarian, David C. Hess, Scott Forseen, Alexander F. Post, Fernando L. Vale, John R. Vender, Md Nasrul Hoda, Omid Akbari, Kumar Vaibhav, Krishnan M. Dhandapani
Summary: The study shows increased proliferation of ILCs within the meninges after acute brain injury, with higher levels in TBI patients. AMPK plays a role in inhibiting ILC expansion, while IL-33 administration activates AMPK and suppresses specific ILC types.
Article
Neurosciences
Hesam Khodadadi, Evila Lopes Salles, Abbas Jarrahi, Vincenzo Costigliola, M. B. Khan, Jack C. Yu, John C. Morgan, David C. Hess, Kumar Vaibhav, Krishnan M. Dhandapani, Babak Baban
Summary: Our study found that CBD treatment enhanced the expression of IL-33 and TREM2, ameliorated AD symptoms, and slowed down cognitive decline in a translational model of familial AD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ahmet Alptekin, Mohammad B. Khan, Roxan Ara, Mohammad H. Rashid, Fengchong Kong, Mahrima Parvin, Joseph A. Frank, Rajiv Chopra, Krishnan Dhandapani, Ali S. Arbab
Summary: Exosomes have been shown to carry important biomolecules and can be delivered to stroke areas using pulsed focused ultrasound, but the administration of nanobubbles has detrimental effects on brain structures.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yujiao Lu, Jing Wang, Fulei Tang, Uday P. Pratap, Gangadhara R. Sareddy, Krishnan M. Dhandapani, Ana Capuano, Zoe Arvanitakis, Ratna K. Vadlamudi, Darrell W. Brann
Summary: Hemoglobin plays an important role in regulating neuronal oxygenation and neuroprotection. The levels of neuronal hemoglobin decrease with age in mice, leading to increased hypoxia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Patrick D. Lyden, Francesca Bosetti, Marcio A. Diniz, Andre Rogatko, James Koenig, Jessica Lamb, Karisma A. Nagarkatti, Ryan P. Cabeen, David C. Hess, Pradip K. Kamat, Mohammad B. Khan, Kristofer Wood, Krishnan Dhandapani, Ali S. Arbab, Enrique C. Leira, Anil K. Chauhan, Nirav Dhanesha, Rakesh B. Patel, Mariia Kumskova, Daniel Thedens, Andreia Morais, Takahiko Imai, Tao Qin, Cenk Ayata, Ligia S. B. Boisserand, Alison L. Herman, Hannah E. Beatty, Sofia E. Velazquez, Sebastian Diaz-Perez, Basavaraju G. Sanganahalli, Jelena M. Mihailovic, Fahmeed Hyder, Lauren H. Sansing, Raymond C. Koehler, Steven Lannon, Yanrong Shi, Senthilkumar S. Karuppagounder, Adnan Bibic, Kazi Akhter, Jaroslaw Aronowski, Louise D. McCullough, Anjali Chauhan, Andrew Goh
Summary: Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion lead to neurological disabilities, and developing successful stroke treatments has been challenging. The Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network (SPAN) aims to reduce bias in treatment selection for clinical studies by rigorously assessing candidate treatments across multiple research laboratories. The first stage of SPAN successfully implemented standardized procedures, randomization, and blinded assessment. Subsequent stages will evaluate candidate treatments using aged animals and animals with comorbid conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Abbas Jarrahi, Manan Shah, Meenakshi Ahluwalia, Hesam Khodadadi, Kumar Vaibhav, Askiel Bruno, Babak Baban, David C. Hess, Krishnan M. Dhandapani, John R. Vender
Summary: This study explores the role of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) in promoting hematoma resolution and improving outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The study will conduct a pilot trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RIC compared to mock conditioning in ICH patients, and also include exploratory genomic analysis. The goal of this study is to establish a foundation for future larger, multi-center clinical trials.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xu Qin, Jianglin Zhou, Zizhuo Wang, Chenzhao Feng, Junpeng Fan, Jia Huang, Dianxing Hu, Babak Baban, Shengqi Wang, Ding Ma, Chaoyang Sun, Zhe Zhou, Gang Chen
Summary: This study investigated the specific changes in the genital microbiota caused by ovarian cancer and their potential clinical value. The study found that ovarian cancer can alter the genital microbiota, but bacteria were still the dominant microorganisms in all samples. The study also suggested the application of microbiota in a predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) model for ovarian cancer treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pradip K. Kamat, Mohammad Badruzzaman Khan, Cameron Smith, Shahneela Siddiqui, Babak Baban, Krishnan Dhandapani, David C. Hess
Summary: The circadian system, controlled by clock genes, plays an important role in stroke outcomes. The circadian clock is present in the brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus and operates through molecular circadian clocks in neurons and other brain cells. Variations in the circadian cycle and clock genes can affect stroke occurrence and severity, with peak stroke occurring in the morning and worsening outcomes at midnight. Sleep blood pressure, influenced by the circadian rhythm, is a primary determinant of stroke risk.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zizhuo Wang, Xu Qin, Dianxing Hu, Jia Huang, Ensong Guo, Rourou Xiao, Wenting Li, Chaoyang Sun, Gang Chen
Summary: This study reveals the relationship between ovarian cancer and gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplantation from ovarian cancer patients accelerates tumor development in mice, while supplementation with Akkermansia significantly suppresses ovarian cancer progression. Activation of T cell pathways and acetate accumulation are associated with Akkermansia supplementation and tumor-killing property of CD8+ T cells.
Article
Neurosciences
Meenakshi Ahluwalia, Hannah Mcmichael, Manish Kumar, Mario P. Espinosa, Asamoah Bosomtwi, Yujiao Lu, Hesam Khodadadi, Abbas Jarrahi, Mohammad Badruzzaman Khan, David C. Hess, Scott Y. Rahimi, John R. Vender, Fernando L. Vale, Molly Braun, Babak Baban, Krishnan M. Dhandapani, Kumar Vaibhav
Summary: In this study, the authors found that traumatic brain injury leads to a loss of endocannabinoids, exacerbating neurovascular injury, compromising brain-cerebrospinal fluid barriers, and causing behavioral dysfunction. They also observed increased expression of endocannabinoid-metabolizing enzymes and CB2 receptors, as well as a reduction in cerebral blood flow in post-TBI mice. These findings highlight the importance of endocannabinoids in maintaining brain and brain-cerebrospinal fluid barrier integrity.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Samantha Simoni Santi, Leandro Machado Oliveira, Maisa Casarin, Cristiano Susin, Carlos Heitor Cunha Moreira, Fabricio Batistin Zanatta
Summary: This study found associations between oral hygiene and gingival abrasion in a rural population. Adjusted multilevel negative binomial regression analysis showed that brushing more than twice a day and brushing with a hard/medium-bristle toothbrush were significantly associated with more generalized gingival abrasion.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Marta Liliana Musskopf, Amanda Finger Stadler, Tiago Fiorini, Umberto Demoner Ramos, Mariana de Sousa Rabelo, Rodrigo Nahas de Castro Pinto, Cristiano Susin
Summary: This study assessed the safety and efficacy of a new implant system using a minipig intraoral dental implant model. The results showed that the new implant system had higher bone-to-implant contact and histological performance, supporting its safety and efficacy. Further human studies should be conducted to validate these findings.
CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Claudio Mendes Pannuti, Fernando Oliveira Costa, Nathalia Vilela Souza, Belen Retamal-Valdes, Amanda Almeida Costa, Cristiano Susin, Magda Feres
Summary: Clinical trials in periodontology involve selecting primary and secondary outcomes, with the primary outcomes prioritizing substantial health benefits and relevance to patients. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) show promise in accurately assessing oral health-related quality of life, providing a more comprehensive evaluation of periodontal treatments.
BRAZILIAN ORAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hesam Khodadadi, Evila Lopes Salles, Eunice Shin, Abbas Jarrahi, Vincenzo Costigliola, Pritesh Kumar, Jack C. Yu, John C. Morgan, David C. Hess, Kumar Vaibhav, Krishnan M. Dhandapani, Babak Baban
Summary: The study suggests that cannabichromene (CBC) delivered through inhalation might be an effective alternative therapeutic target for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Furthermore, increased expression of transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels after CBC treatment proposes a new potential mechanism for the beneficial effects of CBC and other cannabinoids in treating ARDS and other inflammatory diseases. Importantly, using an inhaler device to deliver CBC supports the feasibility of human trials and warrants further research.
JOURNAL OF CANNABIS RESEARCH
(2021)