Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00268
Keywords
natural killer; NK cell development; CD34; DNAM-1; common lymphoid progenitors
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Funding
- Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) [10225]
- Special Program Molecular Clinical Oncology 5L1000 project [9962]
- Istituto Superiore di Sanita'
- Programma Nazionale di Ricerca sull'AIDS [40H67]
- Istituto Superiore di Sanita
- Programma nazionale di ricerca sull'AIDS
- Accordi di collaborazione scientifica 45G. 11 [40H69]
- Ministero della Salute [RF-2010-2316197]
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Since the first description of natural killer (NK) cells, the view on their role in innate immunity has evolved considerably. In addition to first-line defense against transformed and pathogen-infected autologous cells, NK cells contribute to modulate adaptive immune responses and in some cases acquire specialized functions, including exhausted, adaptive, and decidual NK cells. NK cells derive from CD34(+) progenitors, in vivo and in vitro; however, it is unclear whether the high phenotype diversity in vivo may be generated from these precursors alone. The recent characterization of a novel CD34(+) DNAM1(bright)CXCR4(+) precursor giving rise to apparently licensed and functional maturing NK cells may suggest the possibility for a higher than expected common lymphocyte precursor diversity and a consequently higher peripheral NK cell phenotype variability. Here, we review the evidences on NK cell central and peripheral development from CD34(+) precursors and propose a possible updated reading frame based on the characterization of CD34(+) DNAM-1(bright)CXCR4(+) cell progenies, which favors the possibility of concurrent NK cell maturation from different CD34(+) precursors.
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