Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhen Wu, Tao Hu, Weiqiong Chen, Yao Cheng, Mingshu Wang, Renyong Jia, Dekang Zhu, Mafeng Liu, Xinxin Zhao, Qiao Yang, Ying Wu, Shaqiu Zhang, Juan Huang, Sai Mao, Xumin Ou, Qun Gao, Di Sun, Anchun Cheng, Shun Chen
Summary: The research found that Duck Tembusu virus (TMUV) disrupts the innate immune system of ducks by degrading MDA5, and the downregulation of MDA5 can be blocked by autophagy inhibitor, which in turn inhibits TMUV replication.
Article
Microbiology
Yen-Chin Liu, Bobo Wing-Yee Mok, Pui Wang, Rei-Lin Kuo, Honglin Chen, Shin-Ru Shih
Summary: A novel mechanistic discovery shows that the host decay factor XRN1 contributes to influenza A virus replication by suppressing the host innate immune response. XRN1 facilitates viral replication through direct association with the viral NS1. The inhibitor pAp can suppress viral growth, suggesting a potential antiviral drug development target.
Review
Virology
Matthew J. Pekarek, Eric A. Weaver
Summary: This article reviews the current understanding of host factors crucial for the replication cycle of Influenza B virus (IBV) in humans. The review suggests that factors such as IBV hemagglutinin (HA) protein, host nuclear factors, and viral immune evasion proteins may play a role in the host restriction of IBV to humans. However, further research is needed to better understand the determinants of IBV host restriction due to the limited amount of previous research in this area.
Article
Microbiology
Wei Zhang, Bowen Jiang, Miao Zeng, Tong Lu, Tao Hu, Jiaqi Guo, Mingshu Wang, Renyong Jia, Dekang Zhu, Mafeng Liu, Xinxin Zhao, Qiao Yang, Ying Wu, Shaqiu Zhang, Yunya Liu, Ling Zhang, Yanling Yu, Leichang Pan, Anchun Cheng, Shun Chen
Summary: The NS2A protein of DTMUV inhibits the host's immune response by binding to STING, and specific amino acids play a critical role in this process.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Zhijie Jian, Rui Ma, Ling Zhu, Huidan Deng, Fengqin Li, Jun Zhao, Lishuang Deng, Siyuan Lai, Xiangang Sun, Huaqiao Tang, Zhiwen Xu
Summary: This article reviews the strategies used by Arteriviruses to antagonize IFN production and thwart IFN-activated antiviral signaling, emphasizing the significance of this research in understanding the pathogenesis of arthritis virus and developing vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jun-Hong Xing, Chun-Wei Shi, Ming-Jie Sun, Wei Gu, Rong-Rong Zhang, Hong-Liang Chen, Ying Li, Dan Wang, JunYi Li, Tian-Ming Niu, Qun-Tao Huang, Jia-Hao Qian, Hai Bin Huang, Yan-Long Jiang, Jian-Zhong Wang, Xin Cao, Nan Wang, Yan Zeng, Gui-Lian Yang, Wen Tao Yang, Chun-Feng Wang
Summary: Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 0111 can improve gut microbiota and modulate immune responses, enhancing mice's resistance against H9N2 influenza virus.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Boyu Zhai, Lanlan Liu, Xiang Li, Xinru Lv, Jinyan Wu, Jing Li, Shengze Lin, Yuxiang Yin, Jiaqi Lan, Jianan Du, Chenwei Wu, Yi Wen, Yajun Wang, Yulong Wang, Zhijun Hou, Yanbing Li, Hongliang Chai, Xiangwei Zeng
Summary: This study examined the innate immune responses of ducks to avian influenza infection using wild-bird-origin viruses H5N8 and H4N6. The expression levels of RIG-I and interferon beta (IFN-beta) fluctuated during infection, with the viruses exhibiting varying degrees of inhibition on the immune response. The highly pathogenic H5N8 virus had a stronger inhibitory effect on RIG-I, particularly in the lungs. RIG-I and IFN-beta were found to play important roles in the innate immune response to H5N8 infection, especially in the lungs.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yee Teng Chan, Yi Ying Cheok, Heng Choon Cheong, Ting Fang Tang, Sofiah Sulaiman, Jamiyah Hassan, Chung Yeng Looi, Kim-Kee Tan, Sazaly AbuBakar, Won Fen Wong
Summary: The resurgence of Zika virus infection has become a serious global health threat. Although most infected individuals do not show symptoms or only experience mild symptoms, Zika virus infection can lead to severe complications in adults and birth defects in newborns. The host immune system recognizes Zika virus primarily through certain receptors and triggers an immune response to limit viral survival. However, Zika virus is able to evade the host immune system through various strategies such as suppressing immune receptors and pathways, viral protein mutation, RNA modulation, and altering cellular pathways. Understanding the interaction between the host immune system and Zika virus provides valuable insights for developing new preventive and therapeutic strategies against Zika virus infection.
Article
Virology
Yixiang Hu, Qi Pan, Kun Zhou, Yuehuan Ling, Hao Wang, Yan Li
Summary: This study found that RUNX1 facilitates IAV infection in A549 cells by attenuating the interferon signaling pathway.
Review
Immunology
Shubo Wen, Xintong Li, Xiangyu Lv, Kai Liu, Jingqiang Ren, Jingbo Zhai, Yang Song
Summary: Interferon (IFN) is a crucial antiviral cytokine involved in host defense against virus invasion. Pathogens have developed strategies to escape the IFN-mediated immune response. This review focuses on the mechanisms mediated by Npro of pestiviruses to counteract IFN production.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Mengqi Yu, Yanna Guo, Lingcai Zhao, Yuanlu Lu, Qingzheng Liu, Yinjing Li, Lulu Deng, Zhiyu Shi, Haifeng Wang, Samar Dankar, Jihui Ping
Summary: The study found that two mutations in the NS1 protein of influenza A virus can alter the viral properties, increasing its replication ability and pathogenicity in the host, while inhibiting the host's immune response. These mutations may serve as potential targets for antiviral drugs and vaccine development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christine Vazquez, Kellie A. Jurado
Summary: This review outlines the immune regulatory mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) and the strategies viruses use to bypass the blood-brain barrier. Future questions in this rapidly expanding field are also discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Qichao Chen, Liang Li, Shibang Guo, Zhankui Liu, Lixinjie Liu, Chen Tan, Huanchun Chen, Xiangru Wang
Summary: This study evaluates the role of the late viral protein, pA104R, in African swine fever virus immunosuppression. The study found that pA104R is a potent antagonist of type I interferon signaling, which may interfere with multiple signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Woo-Jung Park, Sang-Hoon Han, Dong-Hwi Kim, Young-Jo Song, Joong-Bok Lee, Seung-Yong Park, Chang-Seon Song, Sang-Won Lee, In-Soo Choi
Summary: The study found that TLR3 and RIG-I expression levels significantly increased after CIV infection, and blocking their signals with siRNA could lower IFN-beta expression and potentially suppress CIV replication by affecting MX1 production.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Liang Zheng, Xianhe Wang, Dexuan Guo, Jinglong Cao, Lixin Cheng, Xingzhi Li, Dehua Zou, Yating Zhang, Jiaxin Xu, Xuening Wu, Yujiang Shen, Hongyu Wang, Wen Yu, Li Liyang, Lijie Xiao, Baifen Song, Jinzhu Ma, Xinyang Liu, Pengfei Li, Shuyan Xu, Xin Xu, Hua Zhang, Zhijun Wu, Hongwei Cao
Summary: The study found that the PEDV E protein acts as an IFN-α antagonist by inhibiting the RIG-I-mediated signaling pathway, providing insight into how the PEDV E protein evades host innate immune response.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)