Article
Optics
Qinda Guo, Macie J. Endzik, Magnus H. Erntsen, Antonija Grubisic-Cabo, Congl Li, Wanyu Chen, Yang Wang, Oscar T. Jernberg
Summary: We showcase and compare two approaches for selecting desired harmonics, achieving high transmission efficiency and pulse duration conservation. Both approaches are relevant for various experimental techniques. By analyzing the characteristics of focusing quality, photon flux, and temporal broadening, we find that a focusing grating provides higher transmission compared to the mirror+filter approach, with only slight temporal broadening and slightly larger spot size.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tsendsuren Khurelbaatar, Alexander Gliserin, Je-Hoi Mun, Jaeuk Heo, Yunman Lee, Dong-Eon Kim
Summary: Recent efforts have focused on controlling nuclear dynamics in materials while electron dynamics have received less attention. To study electron dynamics, deep-UV and XUV beamlines have been constructed with high temporal resolution on the attosecond time scale. Active stabilization and vibration isolation techniques have been implemented to achieve excellent stability in achieving attosecond timing control between pump and probe pulses.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Optics
Daria Kolbasova, Maximilian Hartmann, Rui Jin, Alexander Blaettermann, Christian Ott, Sang-Kil Son, Thomas Pfeifer, Robin Santra
Summary: This study investigates the application of attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy in characterizing inner-shell-excited systems. The experimental setup involves preparing wave packets with an attosecond XUV pulse and probing them with a femtosecond NIR pulse to study coherent electron dynamics in core-excited xenon atoms. The theoretical analysis shows that the additional influence of an NIR dressing field on the transient absorption spectrum is substantial, highlighting the importance of precise characterization of the NIR pulse for qualitative and quantitative comparisons with experimental results.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kan Wang, Yong Fu, Baochang Li, Xiangyu Tang, Bincheng Wang, Zhong Guan, C. D. Lin, Cheng Jin
Summary: In this study, we propose a method to retrieve an isolated attosecond pulse (IAP) in the time domain through the modulation of high-harmonic generation (HHG) spectra, using a time-delayed intense few-cycle infrared or mid-infrared laser. The retrieval algorithm is derived based on the strong-field approximation and a quantitative rescattering model. We demonstrate that both narrowband extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses and broadband soft x-ray (SXR) pulses can be characterized accurately using the HHG streaking spectra.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
H. Y. Kim, M. Garg, S. Mandal, L. Seiffert, T. Fennel, E. Goulielmakis
Summary: Field emission of electrons is essential for advancements in science and technology, allowing for higher frequency signal processing and atomic-scale imaging. The use of intense laser pulses has enabled confinement and control of optical field emission, but the measurement of attosecond electron pulses has been challenging. In this study, intense sub-cycle light transients were used to induce and investigate the dynamics of electron pulses, providing new opportunities for research in attosecond physics and nano-optics.
Article
Optics
I Orfanos, E. Skantzakis, A. Nayak, M. Dumergue, S. Kuhn, G. Sansone, M. F. Kling, H. Schroeder, B. Bergues, Janos Csontos, Szabolics Toth, Adam Borzonyi, S. Kahaly, K. Varju, A. Forembski, L. A. A. Nikolopoulos, P. Tzallas, D. Charalambidis
Summary: This study investigates the double XUV-photon double ionization of Ne induced by an intense few-pulse attosecond train experimentally and theoretically. The results show that a total pulse energy generated in argon in conjunction with high-reflectivity optics in the XUV region allows the observation of Ne's doubly charged state induced by 40 eV central XUV-photon energies. The theoretical study using second-order time-dependent perturbation theory equations of motion provides insights into the interaction of the intense attosecond pulse train with Ne.
Article
Optics
O. Hort, A. Dubrouil, M. A. Khokhlova, D. Descamps, S. Petit, F. Burgy, E. Mevel, E. Constant, V. V. Strelkov
Summary: A new regime of coherent XUV emission has been observed, showing potential for higher XUV intensity crucial for applications. The study explains the process of high-order parametric generation, involving the combined emission of THz and XUV photons with robust phase matching against ionization. This provides a way to use higher-energy driving pulses for generating more XUV photons.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Aleksey Korobenko, Sabaa Rashid, Christian Heide, Andrei Yu Naumov, David A. Reis, Pierre Berini, Paul B. Corkum, Giulio Vampa
Summary: This study successfully focuses extreme ultraviolet light to a waist radius of 150 nm, with 18% focusing efficiency, by integrating coherent short-wavelength high-order harmonics with a high-numerical-aperture nanostructured focusing element. Future developments may lead to nanoscale laser ablation and miniaturization of extreme ultraviolet coherent sources on a chip.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Shruti Gulihar, Sandeep Kumar, Mukesh Jewariya
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of high harmonic generation (HHG) in argon gas using single laser and three optical lasers. It analyzes the harmonic cut-off of HHG spectra and the generated photon pulse structure. The results show that the laser parameters, such as wavelength, pulse duration, and laser intensity, strongly influence the high harmonic spectrum. Single laser-based HHG can generate an XUV photon pulse with a photon energy of 90 keV and a pulse duration of 270 as FWHM, while three colour laser-based HHG can extend it to 273 eV with a pulse duration of 131 as FWHM. The effects of time delays between the lasers and the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the laser on photon pulse characteristics are also discussed.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Qingyuan Fan, Amr M. Shaltout, Jorik van de Groep, Mark L. Brongersma, Aaron M. Lindenberg
Summary: This article introduces a method of manipulating light by spatially structuring thin optical layers, and presents the theoretical and experimental results of wavefront shaping and frequency conversion on subpicosecond time scales by inducing space-time refractive index gradients in epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) films. By controlling the incident angle and the pump-probe delay, we can experimentally adjust the wavefront steering without the need for nanostructure fabrication. Leveraging the ultrafast, high-bandwidth optical response of transparent oxides in their ENZ wavelength range, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this method and create large refractive index gradients and new types of nonreciprocal, ultrafast two-dimensional optics, including an ultrathin transient lens.
Article
Optics
Huaiyu Cui, Zhiyuan Wang, Shan Wu, Haojie An, Jinshi Wang, Yongpeng Zhao
Summary: This article introduces a capillary discharge extreme ultraviolet laser that is focused and wavefront split at 46.9 nm using a tubular optical element. The reflectivity at 46.9 nm is both simulated and measured to be higher than 90% with slight optical aberration. The operating principle of the tubular element for focusing and wavefront splitting is discussed. Dense and intense grating-like fringes with a period of about 150 nm are achieved. The method used in this work allows for nano-scale processing with extreme ultraviolet laser in single-shot exposure mode.
Article
Optics
Matthias C. Velsink, Lyubov Amitonova, Pepijn W. H. Pinkse
Summary: This study demonstrates how to perform nonlinear fluorescent imaging behind a multimode fiber using femtosecond optical pulses, with a connection established to the multimode fiber via a single-mode fiber. The experimental results are in good agreement with numerical simulations.
Article
Optics
Antoine Comby, Debobrata Rajak, Dominique Descamps, Stephane Petit, Valerie Blanchet, Yann Mairesse, Jerome Gaudin, Samuel Beaulieu
Summary: We report on the development of a high-repetition-rate monochromatic extreme ultraviolet source with polarization tunability, designed for multi-modal dichroism in time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The scheme uses an annular beam to separate the driving laser from the XUV beamlet while preserving the polarization tunability. This results in a high brightness source at 21.6 eV with ellipticities as high as 90%.
Article
Optics
Karl Michael Ziems, Matthias Wollenhaupt, Stefanie Graefe, Alexander Schubert
Summary: In this work, the atomic ionization dynamics beyond the slowly varying envelope approximation are systematically investigated. The polarization and interference effects are found to play a prominent role in the ionization process in the few-cycle regime, leading to asymmetries in the photoelectron spectra dependent on the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) and intensity. Spectrally modulated attosecond pulses are used to distinguish between temporal and spectral effects causing asymmetries and dynamic interference.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Marius Herve, Alexie Boyer, Richard Bredy, Isabelle Compagnon, Franck Lepine
Summary: Gas phase experiments combined with ultrafast technologies provide information on molecular systems at picosecond, femtosecond, or even attosecond timescales. Electrospray ionization sources offer new possibilities for these experiments. Recent results show that ultrafast dynamics experiments can be performed on molecular ions, revealing some patterns. Ultrafast dynamics studies on large molecular ions are of great importance in attosecond science.
ADVANCES IN PHYSICS-X
(2022)
Article
Optics
Ivan Sytcevich, Anne-Lise Viotti, Chen Guo, Jan Vogelsang, Fabian Langer, Anne L'Huillier, Cord L. Arnold
Summary: This article presents a compact and stable short-wave infrared light source capable of delivering few-cycle pulses with a wavelength of around 2 µm and a repetition rate of 200 kHz, with carrier-envelope phase stability. The potential of the system for driving strong-field experiments is demonstrated through high-order harmonic generation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
K. Veyrinas, M. Plach, J. Peschel, M. Hoflund, F. Catoire, C. Valentin, P. Smorenburg, H. Dacasa, S. Maclot, C. Guo, H. Wikmark, A. Zair, V Strelkov, C. Picot, C. Arnold, P. Eng-Johnsson, A. L'Huillier, E. Mevel, E. Constant
Summary: Attosecond pulses created by high-order harmonic generation in gases often exhibit strong chromatic aberrations. By spatially shaping the fundamental beam, the chromatic aberrations can be reduced, resulting in decreased variation of the XUV spectrum and improved longitudinal sensitivity of the focused attosecond pulses.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Edwin Kukk, Lassi Pihlava, Kuno Kooser, Christian Strahlman, Sylvain Maclot, Antti Kivimaki
Summary: Photodissociation molecular dynamics of gas-phase 2,5-diiodothiophene molecules was studied using an electron-energy-resolved electron-multi-ion coincidence experiment. The dissociation landscape and timescales of the molecular dication were investigated as a function of the Auger electron energy. The process was shown to evolve from secondary dissociation regime towards concerted dissociation with increasing available energy.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Giuseppe Mattioli, Lorenzo Avaldi, Paola Bolognesi, Annarita Casavola, Filippo Morini, Thomas Van Caekenberghe, John D. Bozek, Mattea C. Castrovilli, Jacopo Chiarinelli, Alicja Domaracka, Suvasthika Indrajith, Sylvain Maclot, Aleksandar R. Milosavljevic, Chiara Nicolafrancesco, Christophe Nicolas, Patrick Rousseau
Summary: The valence ionization of uracil and mixed water-uracil clusters was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The red shift observed in the spectrum onset of mixed clusters cannot be explained by the independent contributions of water or uracil aggregation. Multi-level calculations were performed to interpret all contributions, and the structure-property relationships of neutral clusters were established. The formation of strong H-bonds, especially in mixed clusters, was explained by a natural bond orbital analysis.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raphael M. Jay, Ambar Banerjee, Torsten Leitner, Ru-Pan Wang, Jessica Harich, Robert Stefanuik, Hampus Wikmark, Michael R. Coates, Emma V. Beale, Victoria Kabanova, Abdullah Kahraman, Anna Wach, Dmitry Ozerov, Christopher Arrell, Philip J. M. Johnson, Camelia N. Borca, Claudio Cirelli, Camila Bacellar, Christopher Milne, Nils Huse, Grigory Smolentsev, Thomas Huthwelker, Michael Odelius, Philippe Wernet
Summary: The reactivity of transition metals toward carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds depends on the interaction between electron donation and withdrawal at the metal center. Manipulating this reactivity is challenging due to the difficulty in accessing metal-alkane charge-transfer interactions experimentally. However, using time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy, researchers have been able to track the charge-transfer interactions during C-H activation of octane by a cyclopentadienyl rhodium carbonyl complex. The spectroscopic data reveal changes in oxidation state, valence-orbital energies, and character, providing insights into the stability of metal-alkane complexes and the cleavage of C-H bonds.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Smita Ganguly, Mathieu Gisselbrecht, Per Eng-Johnsson, Raimund Feifel, Sergio Diaz-Tendero, Eva Muchova, Aleksandar R. Milosavljevic, Patrick Rousseau, Sylvain Maclot
Summary: This study investigates the impact of excitations at different carbon sites on the fragmentation dynamics of adamantane, revealing that distinct site excitations lead to unique cage opening mechanisms.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lassi Pihlava, Marta Berholts, Johannes Niskanen, Anton Vladyka, Kuno Kooser, Christian Strahlman, Per Eng-Johnsson, Antti Kivimaki, Edwin Kukk
Summary: Heavy elements and some nitroimidazoles both exhibit radiosensitizing properties. By studying the gas-phase photodissociation of brominated nitroimidazoles, we found that these samples released potentially radiosensitizing fragments. The substitution of heavy elements in nitroimidazoles appears to be a viable approach for developing new potent radiosensitizer drugs.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
B. Major, K. Kovacs, E. Svirplys, M. Anus, O. Ghafur, K. Varju, M. J. J. Vraking, V. Tosa, B. Schuette
Summary: Experimental results and theoretical simulations show that efficient high-order harmonic generation can be achieved in all rare gases using high-density medium and laser intensity of around 1016 W/cm2. Ionization-induced self-phase modulation and plasma defocusing self-regulate the driver laser intensity, leading to efficient HHG. The broadening of the driving near-infrared spectrum by a factor of ten enables the generation of continuous spectra from 18 to 140 eV even with 50-fs-long pulses. This scheme provides a simple and versatile concept for the generation of extreme-ultraviolet and soft-x-ray continua, which has potential applications in transient absorption and reflection spectroscopy.
Review
Physics, Applied
R. Weissenbilder, S. Carlstrom, L. Rego, C. Guo, C. M. Heyl, P. Smorenburg, E. Constant, C. L. Arnold, A. L'Huillier
Summary: This article reviews the physics of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases, focusing on the macroscopic aspects of the nonlinear interaction, and discusses the influence of medium length, pressure, and driving laser intensity on HHG conversion efficiency. Efficient HHG can be achieved over a wide range of pressures and medium lengths if certain hyperbolic equations are met, providing design guidance for future high-flux XUV sources.
NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Smita Ganguly, Mathieu Gisselbrecht, Per Eng-Johnsson, Raimund Feifel, Paul-Antoine Hervieux, Zeinab Alfaytarouni, Reinhold F. Fink, Sergio Diaz-Tendero, Aleksandar R. Milosavljevic, Patrick Rousseau, Sylvain Maclot
Summary: We investigated the fragmentation dynamics of adamantane dications generated through core-ionization at the carbon edge and subsequent Auger decay. By employing high-resolution electron spectroscopy, energy-resolved electron-ion multi-coincidence spectroscopy, and various theoretical models, we were able to fully characterize the processes involved after ionization. Our findings demonstrate the observation of energy- and site-sensitivity even in a highly-symmetric molecule lacking any unique atomic site.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. Laurell, D. Finkelstein-Shapiro, C. Dittel, C. Guo, R. Demjaha, M. Ammitzboll, R. Weissenbilder, L. Neoricic, S. Luo, M. Gisselbrecht, C. L. Arnold, A. Buchleitner, T. Pullerits, A. L'Huillier, D. Busto
Summary: We propose a protocol for continuous variable quantum state tomography of electrons resulting from the ionization of atoms or molecules by absorbing extreme ultraviolet light pulses. The protocol is validated through direct calculations of the quantum state of photoelectrons ejected from helium and argon near a Fano resonance. Additionally, ion-photoelectron entanglement due to spin-orbit splitting is distilled, enabling the investigation of quantum coherence and entanglement properties on ultrafast timescales.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jason W. L. Lee, Denis S. Tikhonov, Felix Allum, Rebecca Boll, Pragya Chopra, Benjamin Erk, Sebastian Gruet, Lanhai He, David Heathcote, Mehdi M. Kazemi, Jan Lahl, Alexander K. Lemmens, Donatella Loru, Sylvain Maclot, Robert Mason, Erland Muller, Terry Mullins, Christopher Passow, Jasper Peschel, Daniel Ramm, Amanda L. Steber, Sadia Bari, Mark Brouard, Michael Burt, Jochen Kuepper, Per Eng-Johnsson, Anouk M. Rijs, Daniel Rolles, Claire Vallance, Bastian Manschwetus, Melanie Schnell
Summary: In this study, the dissociation of dications and trications of three PAHs was investigated using experimental measurements and molecular dynamics simulations. The results provided high-precision total kinetic energy release values for different fragmentation channels.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
