Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Yuan Xiong, Xiangyu Chu, Tao Yu, Samuel Knoedler, Andreas Schroeter, Li Lu, Kangkang Zha, Ze Lin, Dongsheng Jiang, Yuval Rinkevich, Adriana C. Panayi, Bobin Mi, Guohui Liu, Yanli Zhao
Summary: Diabetic wounds present challenges due to drug resistance, biofilm formation, impaired angiogenesis, and oxidative damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in their pathogenesis. ROS-scavenging nanosystems have shown promise for treating diabetic wounds by reducing inflammation and promoting angiogenesis. However, their therapeutic applicability and efficacy need further investigation.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alexandra Kavvalou, Florian Stehling, Eva Tschiedel, Jan Kehrmann, Bernd Walkenfort, Mike Hasenberg, Margarete Olivier, Mathis Steindor
Summary: This case report presents a case of central venous catheter infection with Mycobacterium chimaera in a patient with cystic fibrosis. The infection was successfully diagnosed and treated using next-generation sequencing and mycobacterial culture. The study found that Mycobacterium chimaera can form biofilms in catheters, making the infection difficult to clear. This research is important for understanding central venous catheter infections in immunocompetent individuals.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vincent Jean-Pierre, Agathe Boudet, Pauline Sorlin, Quentin Menetrey, Raphael Chiron, Jean-Philippe Lavigne, Helene Marchandin
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that can survive and cause diseases in various clinical settings, including Cystic Fibrosis. In Cystic Fibrosis, S. aureus is the most commonly identified opportunistic pathogen, and its colonization/infection can become chronic in about one third of patients. S. aureus's ability to form biofilm is a crucial factor contributing to its persistence and protection in the lungs of CF patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Honghua Hu, Nicole Clothier, Anita Jacombs, Karen Mckay, Anand K. Deva, Karen Vickery
Summary: This study suggests that toothbrushes of children with cystic fibrosis may harbor biofilms of pathogens, which can potentially cause lung re-infection even after antibiotic treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lirong Yu, Xuemei Zhang, Feng Zhang, Yingbo Tang, Di Gong, William Oyom, Yongcai Li, Dov Prusky, Gianfranco Romanazzi, Yang Bi
Summary: Both chitosan (CTS) and chitooligosaccharide (COS) can regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis during wound healing of pear fruit by scavenging excessive H2O2 and improving antioxidant capacity. They increase NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, promote O2.- and H2O2 production, enhance the activities of several enzymes, and elevate the levels of ascorbic acid and glutathione. In addition, they improve antioxidant capacity in vitro and maintain cell membrane integrity at fruit wounds. COS demonstrates superior performance over CTS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Joop J. P. Kouijzer, Danielle J. Noordermeer, Wouter J. van Leeuwen, Nelianne J. Verkaik, Kirby R. Lattwein
Summary: This article provides an updated overview of infective endocarditis (IE), including its clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. It also discusses experimental approaches used in IE research and potential innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Gemma E. Stanford, Kavita Dave, Nicholas J. Simmonds
Summary: Pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis patients are significant events associated with declining lung function, reduced quality of life, hospitalizations, and decreased survival. With the increasing adult CF population globally, the management of PExs needs to evolve to reflect changing demographics and improve outcomes. Studies are underway to address unmet needs and optimize treatment strategies for PExs in adults with CF.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Amit Nain, Shih-Chun Wei, Yu-Feng Lin, Yu-Ting Tseng, Ranju Prasad Mandal, Yu-Fen Huang, Chih-Ching Huang, Fan-Gang Tseng, Huan-Tsung Chang
Summary: BSA-encapsulated copper sulfide nanocrystals (CuS NCs) were prepared and exhibited enzyme-like and photodynamic activities. under NIR laser irradiation, the antimicrobial response was significantly enhanced and >99% of bacteria were eradicated in just 1 min. The BSA-CuS NCs showed insignificant cytotoxicity and hemolysis, making them highly biocompatible bactericides for effective bacteria eradication in preclinical applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Camille Kolenda, Jerome Josse, Cecile Batailler, Allison Faure, Alice Monteix, Sebastien Lustig, Tristan Ferry, Frederic Laurent, Celine Dupieux
Summary: The study demonstrated that DTT treatment of the prosthetic component using the MicroDTTect device could improve the microbiological diagnosis of low-grade PJIs, increasing the detection rate of bacteria and reducing time to positivity in cultures. However, potential bacterial contaminants were also identified.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Wei Liu, Guang Chen, Keke Dou, Bingcheng Yi, Danyang Wang, Qihui Zhou, Yunbo Sun
Summary: The study investigates the antibacterial activity of eugenol (EG) on carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and the underlying mechanisms. It is found that EG exhibits dose-dependent inhibitory effects on CRKP by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing glutathione, leading to membrane rupture and leakage of bacterial cytoplasmic components. Moreover, EG can also disrupt the integrity of bacterial biofilm.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Guoguang Chen, Shiyu Yan, Chengcheng Ouyang, Lirong Qiu, Jia Liu, Lili Ren
Summary: In this study, different crystalline types of MnO2 were synthesized using different methods, and their catalytic ability of H2O2 was studied. β-MnO2 nanocrystal showed the best catalytic performance due to its high oxygen content. A functional MnO2 hydrogel was prepared and tested for antibacterial performance, showing a low survival rate for different species of bacteria. Finally, the MnO2 hydrogel was applied to wound treatment in mice infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria, resulting in a nearly 100% wound healing rate on the 14th day.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Heather D. Green, Andrew M. Jones
Summary: Cystic fibrosis is a disease characterized by chronic airway infection and progressive decline in respiratory function. Recent changes in the landscape of airway infection in CF have resulted in an increased prevalence of atypical gram-negative bacterial infections. The clinical relevance and treatment strategies for many of these lower prevalence organisms are still not well understood.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elin Jorgensen, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Stine Jacobsen
Summary: Delayed wound healing in equine limb wounds may be attributed to biofilm infections, which are difficult to detect with routine diagnostics. Treatment options include aggressive debridement and application of topical antimicrobial therapy. Biofilm presence in equine wounds requires advanced detection techniques for proper diagnosis and management.
Article
Orthopedics
Stuart Irwin, Tao Wang, Scott M. Bolam, Sydel Alvares, Simon Swift, Jillian Cornish, Dustin L. Williams, Nicholas N. Ashton, Brya G. Matthews
Summary: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare but severe complication of joint arthroplasty, and it is challenging to treat due to the tolerance of biofilms to antibiotics. A rat model of Staphylococcus aureus PJI was established using biofilm inocula, demonstrating its tolerance to frontline antibiotics. The use of a custom prosthetic pin and a novel bioreactor setup allowed for the generation of biofilm and the development of rapid tolerance to supra-clinical doses of cefazolin.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Payal Gupta, Apoorva Goel, Khushboo Rani Singh, Mukesh Kumar Meher, Khushboo Gulati, Krishna Mohan Poluri
Summary: The global antimicrobial crisis and rise of drug-resistant fungal strains have posed challenges to disease management. Biodegradable silver nanoparticles show promise as alternative treatment options. In this study, microwave-irradiated kappa-carrageenan capped AgNps demonstrated anti-biofilm activity against Candida albicans and Candida glabraia, affecting ROS generation, cellular morphology, biochemical composition, and enzyme activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Adam P. Lister, Callum J. Highmore, Niall Hanrahan, James Read, Alasdair P. S. Munro, Samuel Tan, Raymond N. Allan, Saul N. Faust, Jeremy S. Webb, Sumeet Mahajan
Summary: The current methods for diagnosis of infections are complex and time-consuming. This study presents a novel multi-excitation Raman spectroscopy-based method that can detect microbial pathogens using unprocessed clinical samples, providing rapid data for diagnosis. The method uses differential excitation of molecular components in bacterial cells to obtain strain-level distinction. The results demonstrate high accuracy in detecting respiratory pathogens associated with cystic fibrosis.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenny Man, Ines A. Barroso, Mathieu Y. Brunet, Ben Peacock, Angelica S. Federici, David A. Hoey, Sophie C. Cox
Summary: This study investigated the potential of using a GelMA-LAP hydrogel to improve the retention and delivery of epigenetically enhanced osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). The results showed that LAP can enhance the mechanical properties and shape fidelity of GelMA hydrogels, as well as increase mineralization capacity and release of EVs from the hydrogel.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Connor O'Farrell, Thomas J. Hall, Liam M. Grover, Sophie C. Cox
Summary: SurgihoneyROTM (SHRO) is a bioengineered medicinal honey that is proven to eradicate multi-drug resistant bacteria. However, its application is currently limited due to undesirable material properties. This study successfully formulated the honey into a topical cream while maintaining its antimicrobial efficacy.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jonathan Cooke
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ines A. Barroso, Kenny Man, Thomas J. Hall, Thomas E. Robinson, Sophie E. T. Louth, Sophie C. Cox, Anita K. Ghag
Summary: Corneal transplantation is the current gold standard treatment for severe corneal diseases and injuries. However, the shortage of donor tissue remains a challenge. Additionally, the difficult instillation and drainage of antibiotic eye drops in ocular surgery is an issue of concern. In this study, antimicrobial silk-based hydrogels were developed, which can be photoactivated in situ and fully adapt to the shape of corneal injuries. These hydrogels have the potential to facilitate corneal regeneration and could be applied in various soft tissue engineering fields.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Liam M. Grover, Richard Moakes, Saaeha Rauz
Summary: Eye drops have limitations in terms of longevity, lubrication, and delivery, motivating research on a novel material called fluid gels for better ocular care. These materials address key limitations of eye drops and offer a finely controlled microstructure, allowing for longer retention and improved lubrication. Promising pre-clinical data and scalable manufacturing methods provide exciting prospects for future ocular treatments.
EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Noor Rahman, Sara Begum, Asifullah Khan, Sahib Gul Afridi, Muhammad Umar Khayam Sahibzada, Banan Atwah, Zain Alhindi, Haroon Khan
Summary: This study used bioinformatics analyses to determine the molecular mimicry and sequence between S. typhi and human host proteins, aiming to understand the molecular basis of S. typhi-related autoimmune disorders. The results identified several potential candidate proteins and peptides that could cause autoimmune diseases in humans mediated by S. typhi infection.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Naveed Nazir Shah, Zaid Khan, Hashim Ahad, Abozer Y. Elderdery, Mohammad N. Alomary, Banan Atwah, Zain Alhindi, Mahdi H. Alsugoor, Ahmed M. E. Elkhalifa, Showket Nabi, Showkeen Muzamil Bashir, Tahir Yaqub, Gulzar Ahmed Rather, Mohammad Azam Ansari
Summary: This article focuses on opportunistic fungal infections in COVID-19 patients, particularly CAM associated with diabetes and corticosteroid therapy. Early screening and management of the disease are crucial as it poses a significant challenge for patients with comorbidities.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Francesca K. Lewns, Olga Tsigkou, Liam R. Cox, Ricky D. Wildman, Liam M. Grover, Gowsihan Poologasundarampillai
Summary: Advances in bioprinting have limitations in replicating the structural and biological complexity present in bone tissue. However, biomimetic approaches using hydrogels as a platform for cell signaling can enhance the biological function and development of tissue engineering models. The development of dynamic microenvironments for in vitro bone formation and remodeling is a major focus in bioprinting. Hydrogels and 3D bioprinting offer potential solutions to overcome these challenges in creating in vitro bone models.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenny Man, Mathieu Y. Brunet, Rebecca Lees, Ben Peacock, Sophie C. Cox
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of inducing DNA hypomethylation and low oxygen tension on the therapeutic efficacy of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). The results demonstrated that pre-treatment with hypomethylation and low oxygen significantly enhanced the epigenetic functionality and mineralization of hBMSCs, improving the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-EVs for bone regeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ben Mellors, Piers Allen, Carolina E. Lavecchia, Sophie Mountcastle, Megan E. Cooke, Bernard M. Lawless, Sophie C. Cox, Simon Jones, Daniel M. Espino
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop and validate Finite Element Analysis (FEA) models to predict the dynamic behavior of human articular cartilage (AC). Current models lack experimental validation for dynamic loading, while the models in this study were compared and validated with physical tests. Three FEA models of AC, including linear elastic and hyperelastic models (Neo-Hookean and Ogden), were constructed and validated using compression testing data. The linear elastic model had a significant over-prediction of displacement, while the Neo-Hookean model accurately predicted dynamic amplitude but overpredicted initial compression. The Ogden model provided the best results, with both initial compression and dynamic amplitude in line with experimental data. In conclusion, a third order Ogden model is the most appropriate for predicting the fast dynamic response of human AC.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Biomedical
Richard J. A. Moakes, J. J. Jessica Senior, Thomas E. Robinson, Miruna Chipara, Aleksandar Atanasov, Amy Naylor, Anthony D. Metcalfe, Alan M. Smith, Liam M. Grover
APL BIOENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Christopher P. Eades, Ahmed Rafezzan Bin Ahmed Bakri, Jeffrey C. Y. Lau, Caroline B. Moore, Lilyann Novak-Frazer, Malcolm D. Richardson, Riina Rautemaa-Richardson
Summary: This study compared the performance of five biomarker assays for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. The results suggest that the C. albicans IgM assay may assist antifungal stewardship.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cong Sui, Thomas E. Robinson, Richard L. Williams, Neil M. Eisenstein, Liam M. Grover
Summary: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the pathological formation of bone in soft tissues. The study demonstrates that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stabilizes amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) and triggers its rapid crystallization into apatite, suggesting a possible pathway to physiological bone mineralization.
COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ines A. Barroso, Kenny Man, Thomas E. Robinson, Sophie C. Cox, Anita K. Ghag
Summary: A gelatine methacryloyl (GelMA) adhesive that can crosslink in situ within 2 minutes using UV or visible light has been successfully developed. The adhesive exhibits strong adhesion, non-toxicity, and the ability to fill corneal wounds and restore ocular curvature. It has the potential to be used as a stromal filler or sealant for corneal and conjunctival applications.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2022)