Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Amir Qaseem, Cristin A. Mount, Karen Campos, Robert M. McLean, Samantha Tierney, J. Thomas Cross, Nick Fitterman
Summary: Primary osteoporosis is a common health issue characterized by decreasing bone mass and increasing fracture risk. Performance measures have been developed to assess and improve the effectiveness of screening, diagnosis, and treatment. However, the reliability and validity of these measures have been questioned. This paper reviews current performance measures on osteoporosis and provides guidance for selecting appropriate measures.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
James D. Douketis, Alex C. Spyropoulos, M. Hassan Murad, Juan Arcelus, William E. Dager, Andrew S. Dunn, Ramiz A. Fargo, Jerrold H. Levy, C. Marc Samama, Sahrish H. Shah, Matthew W. Sherwood, Alfonso J. Tafur, Liang Tang, Lisa K. Moores
Summary: The American College of Chest Physicians has issued a clinical practice guideline on the perioperative management of antithrombotic therapy for patients receiving long-term oral anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. The guideline provides recommendations for the management of patients receiving different types of anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs and undergoing various types of surgery or procedures. The recommendations are based on the available evidence, but uncertainty remains for many of the perioperative management questions.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
James D. Douketis, Alex C. Spyropoulos, M. Hassan Murad, Juan Arcelus, William E. Dager, Andrew S. Dunn, Ramiz A. Fargo, Jerrold H. Levy, C. Marc Samama, Sahrish H. Shah, Matthew W. Sherwood, Alfonso J. Tafur, Liang Tang, Lisa K. Moores
Summary: This study provides guidelines for the perioperative management of patients receiving long-term oral anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy who require elective surgery. Recommendations are generated based on different treatment types. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the best practices for most perioperative management questions.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael C. Wang, Lucia C. Petito, Lindsay R. Pool, Kathryn Foti, Stephen P. Juraschek, John W. Mcevoy, Vijay Nambi, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Erin D. Michos, Sadiya S. Khan
Summary: According to the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline, there were small decreases in systolic blood pressure and increases in antihypertensive therapy among older adults reclassified to Stage 2 hypertension, but no significant changes in systolic blood pressure among those reclassified to Stage 1 hypertension.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amir Qaseem, Itziar Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta, Jennifer S. Lin, Nick Fitterman, Tatyana Shamliyan, Timothy J. Wilt
Summary: This article provides clinical recommendations on the diagnosis and management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis, based on best available evidence and patient values and preferences. The recommendations include the use of abdominal CT imaging, outpatient management, and initial management without antibiotics.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Antonio C. Wolff, Mark R. Somerfield, Mitchell Dowsett, M. Elizabeth H. Hammond, Daniel F. Hayes, Lisa M. McShane, Thomas J. Saphner, Patricia A. Spears, Kimberly H. Allison
Summary: This article is an update on the recommendations for HER2 testing in breast cancer, affirming the 2018 ASCO-CAP recommendations. The article emphasizes a new indication for trastuzumab deruxtecan when HER2 is not overexpressed or amplified, and provides best practice recommendations to distinguish IHC 0 and 1+.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Andrew M. D. Wolf, Kevin C. Oeffinger, Tina Ya-Chen Shih, Louise C. Walter, Timothy R. Church, Elizabeth T. H. Fontham, Elena B. Elkin, Ruth D. Etzioni, Carmen E. Guerra, Rebecca B. Perkins, Karli K. Kondo, Tyler B. Kratzer, Deana Manassaram-Baptiste, William L. Dahut, Robert A. Smith
Summary: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and years of life lost in the US. Early detection through screening has been shown to reduce mortality. The American Cancer Society has updated its guidelines for lung cancer screening, recommending annual low-dose CT screening for individuals aged 50-80 who currently smoke or formerly smoked and have a significant smoking history.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amir Qaseem, Lauri J. Hicks, Itziar A. Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta, Tatyana E. Shamliyan, Thomas Cooney, Amer Coll Phys
Summary: This guideline updates the 2017 ACP recommendations on pharmacologic treatment of primary osteoporosis or low bone mass. The recommendations include the use of bisphosphonates as initial treatment, the use of RANK ligand inhibitor as second-line treatment, and an individualized approach for starting pharmacologic treatment with bisphosphonates. Most recommendations are based on high-certainty evidence.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amir Qaseem, Itziar Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta, Jennifer S. Lin, Nick Fitterman, Tatyana Shamliyan, Timothy J. Wilt
Summary: This guideline provides clinical recommendations on the role of colonoscopy for diagnosis of colorectal cancer after acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis, and on interventions to prevent recurrence after initial treatment. Recommendations include referring patients for colonoscopy, not using mesalamine for prevention, and discussing elective surgery based on patient's condition.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hidehiro Kaneko, Yuichiro Yano, Hidetaka Itoh, Kojiro Morita, Hiroyuki Kiriyama, Tatsuya Kamon, Katsuhito Fujiu, Nobuaki Michihata, Taisuke Jo, Norifumi Takeda, Hiroyuki Morita, Koichi Node, Robert M. Carey, Joao A. C. Lima, Suzanne Oparil, Hideo Yasunaga, Issei Komuro
Summary: This study found that both stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension were associated with a higher incidence of heart failure and atrial fibrillation in the general population. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association blood pressure classification system may help identify adults at higher risk for these events.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Akram Khan, Lindsy Frazer-Green, Reshma Amin, Lisa Wolfe, Garner Faulkner, Kenneth Casey, Girish Sharma, Bernardo Selim, David Zielinski, Loutfi S. Aboussouan, Douglas Mckim, Peter Gay
Summary: This article introduces the respiratory management guideline for patients with neuromuscular diseases. It points out that evidence of best practices in this field is limited, but provides recommendations such as regular pulmonary function testing, individualized settings for noninvasive ventilation, and guidelines for mouthpiece ventilation and mechanical ventilation.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ryan Crowley, Suja Mathew, David Hilden
Summary: This position paper discusses the impact of environmental health on human well-being and provides policymakers with recommendations to improve environmental quality and address injustices.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hui Zhu, Yan Yang, Senmin Wu, Kai Chen, Hongxia Luo, Jianle Huang
Summary: This study demonstrated that the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS) has high diagnostic performance and a relatively low unnecessary biopsy rate in detecting thyroid cancer compared to 3 other guidelines. Understanding further the ultrasonography-based fine-needle aspiration biopsy criteria of the C-TIRADS is needed for future research.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Gerald Gartlehner, Gernot Wagner, Lisa Affengruber, Andrea Chapman, Andreea Dobrescu, Irma Klerings, Angela Kaminski-Hartenthaler, Alexander O. Spiel
Summary: Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) can significantly improve the correctness of diagnosis in patients with acute dyspnea, without affecting in-hospital mortality or length of hospital stay. POCUS consistently enhances sensitivities for detecting congestive heart failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, pleural effusion, or pneumothorax, with varying impacts on specificities in different studies.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amir A. Qaseem, Douglas K. S. Owens, Itziar Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta, Janice J. Tufte, J. Thomas A. Cross, Timothy J. Wilt
Summary: This guideline provides updated clinical recommendations on nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions during the acute phase of major depressive disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy or second-generation antidepressant is recommended as initial treatment for moderate to severe MDD, while cognitive behavioral therapy is recommended for mild MDD. Options for non-responding patients include switching to or augmenting with cognitive behavioral therapy, or switching to a different antidepressant or adding a second pharmacologic treatment.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
