Journal
ELIFE
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.22509
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Funding
- National Cancer Institute [F31-CA180451, R01-CA129974, R01-CA140337]
- National Institutes of Health [T32-CA009111]
- National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research [R01-DE025994, R01-DE023939]
- Wellcome [099273/Z/12/Z]
- National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases [T32-AI078985, 5P30-AI064518]
- American Cancer Society [RSG-13-228-01-MPC]
- Wellcome Trust [099273/Z/12/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
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Latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is causally linked to several human cancers. EBV expresses viral oncogenes that promote cell growth and inhibit the apoptotic response to uncontrolled proliferation. The EBV oncoprotein LMP1 constitutively activates NF kappa B and is critical for survival of EBV-immortalized B cells. However, during early infection EBV induces rapid B cell proliferation with low levels of LMP1 and little apoptosis. Therefore, we sought to define the mechanism of survival in the absence of LMP1/NF kappa B early after infection. We used BH3 profiling to query mitochondrial regulation of apoptosis and defined a transition from uninfected B cells (BCL-2) to early-infected (MCL-1/BCL-2) and immortalized cells (BFL-1). This dynamic change in B cell survival mechanisms is unique to virus-infected cells and relies on regulation of MCL-1 mitochondrial localization and BFL-1 transcription by the viral EBNA3A protein. This study defines a new role for EBNA3A in the suppression of apoptosis with implications for EBV lymphomagenesis.
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