Article
Forestry
Martina Sanchez-Pinillos, Miquel De Caceres, Pere Casals, Albert Alvarez, Mario Beltran, Juli G. Pausas, Jordi Vayreda, Lluis Coll
Summary: Mediterranean forests are susceptible to fire hazards due to their high diversity in environmental conditions, species composition, and forest structure. The variation in fuel characteristics, particularly in the understory layer, plays a key role in determining fire hazard in heterogeneous Mediterranean regions. Climate conditions did not have a significant impact on the rates of change in fuel characteristics during the study period.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Justin Wright, David DeLaMater, Anita Simha, Emily Ury, Cari Ficken
Summary: Increases in fire frequency can lead to decreased carbon stocks, including litter and soil carbon pools, and can affect the productivity of understory plants. Total carbon stocks decline significantly with increasing fire frequency, with soil carbon decreasing and tree carbon becoming the dominant carbon pool in the system.
Article
Forestry
Teresa Valor, Sharon M. Hood, Miriam Pique, Asier Larranaga, Pere Casals
Summary: The study found that bark thickness, tree size and growth rate, as well as resin ducts, play important roles in trees' resistance to bark beetles. The black pine subspecies P. nigra subsp. salzmannii is more fire-resistant compared to the Scots pine, resulting in fewer attacks. Overall, tree size and resin duct characteristics determine the tree's resistance to bark beetles.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Forestry
J. R. Molina, M. Ortega, F. Rodriguez y Silva
Summary: The use of prescribed fire has been increasing due to its effectiveness in reducing surface fuels, its low implementation cost, and the potential for firefighter training. This study proposes a scorch height model for pine stands in Southern Europe and develops a decision tree for scorch volume using three independent variables. Canopy gaps on different slopes resulted in significant differences in scorch height, with the upper slope experiencing an increase of 0.33m to 2.08m.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Juan Ramon Molina, Macarena Ortega, Francisco Rodriguez y Silva
Summary: Prescribed fire is an effective fuel treatment with a limited useful life in Mediterranean ecosystems, where variables like canopy base height and postfire precipitation play crucial roles.
Article
Forestry
Jin Wang, Ruicheng Hong, Cheng Ma, Xilong Zhu, Shiying Xu, Yanping Tang, Xiaona Li, Xiangxiang Yan, Leiguang Wang, Qiuhua Wang
Summary: This study investigates the effects of prescribed burning on the flammability of surface dead fuel in Pinus yunnanensis forests. The results show that prescribed burning significantly reduces the surface dead fuel load and fire-line intensity, but has no significant impact on the physical and chemical properties of dead fuels.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kleydson Diego Rocha, Carlos Alberto Silva, Diogo N. Cosenza, Midhun Mohan, Carine Klauberg, Monique Bohora Schlickmann, Jinyi Xia, Rodrigo Leite, Danilo Roberti Alves de Almeida, Jeff W. Atkins, Adrian Cardil, Eric Rowell, Russ Parsons, Nuria Sanchez-Lopez, Susan J. Prichard, Andrew T. Hudak
Summary: This study compared crown metrics derived from terrestrial and airborne laser scanners, as well as a combination of both, for describing the crown structure and fuel attributes of longleaf pine forest in Florida, USA. The results showed that both terrestrial and airborne laser scanner data accurately predicted tree attributes with good correlation and low errors.
Article
Forestry
John P. McGuire, John S. Kush, J. Morgan Varner, Dwight K. Lauer, J. Ryan Mitchell
Summary: Research showed that longleaf pines planted at lower densities had more and larger live lower branches compared to higher density plantings. Prescribed fires were effective in pruning lower branches, with fires in the growing season being more effective. The fires did not impact the survival of longleaf pine trees.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew J. Sumnall, Andrew Trlica, David R. Carter, Rachel L. Cook, Morgan L. Schulte, Otavio C. Campoe, Rafael A. Rubilar, Randolph H. Wynne, Valerie A. Thomas
Summary: This study utilized ALS data from different sensor types to quantify forest structural attributes in loblolly pine plantations, with strong correlations between ALS and field measurements for canopy height and leaf area. New lidar indices were developed to predict overstory and understory leaf area more accurately, suggesting transferability of the methods across location, time, and sensor design.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Cassady P. Dunson, Brian P. Oswald, Kenneth W. Farrish
Summary: Little is known about the effects of repeated prescribed burning on forest soils in the southern United States. This study aimed to identify correlations between soil chemical properties and burn intervals. The results showed that repeated burning treatments can cause short-term changes in soil chemical properties.
Article
Ecology
Andrew W. Whelan, Seth W. Bigelow, Joseph J. O'Brien
Summary: The translation discusses how litter from pine trees and hardwood species affect fire behavior, with a focus on the impact of diverse overstory trees on fire radiative energy density. The study found variations in fire behavior near different tree species, emphasizing the importance of predicting forest structure and composition to maintain ecological balance.
FRONTIERS IN FORESTS AND GLOBAL CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
A. Fajardo-Cantos, E. Pena-Molina, A. Diaz-Montero, J. Gonzalez-Romero, D. Moya, M. E. Lucas-Borja, J. De Las Heras
Summary: The study assesses the ecological effects of early-season prescribed burns on Macrochloa tenacissima communities in Pinus halepensis Mill forests. It reveals significant impacts on vegetation diversity and ecophysiology, as well as changes in alpha grass leaf chemical composition.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Monica T. Rother, Thomas W. Patterson, Paul A. Knapp, Tyler J. Mitchell, Nell Allen
Summary: Longleaf pine ecosystems, which were historically widespread in certain regions of North America, have suffered extensive loss due to human activities. This study used fire scars in stumps and snags to reconstruct the fire history in a longleaf pine ecosystem in the piedmont region of North Carolina. The results revealed evidence of frequent fires occurring from the early 18th century to the mid-19th century, offering a valuable insight into the historical fire activity in this important ecological setting. Further research is needed to expand the fire chronologies in the piedmont region for longer time periods and larger areas.
Article
Forestry
Sushil Nepal, Bianca N. I. Eskelson, Martin W. Ritchie, Sarah E. Gergel
Summary: Restoring spatially resilient stand structures in ponderosa pine-dominated forests requires understanding the differences between contemporary forests and reference conditions. This study found that contemporary forests have lower spatial heterogeneity compared to reference conditions, and different management treatments can enhance spatial heterogeneity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pedro Antonio Plaza-Alvarez, Daniel Moya, Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Fuensanta Garcia-Orenes, Javier Gonzalez-Romero, Carlos Rossa, Esther Pena, Jorge De las Heras
Summary: This study evaluated the short-term effects of prescribed burnings on soil physico-chemical and biological properties, finding that it can decrease understory vegetation cover while reducing soil biological functions in areas with poorly developed soil and a dry climate.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Benjamin C. Bright, Andrew T. Hudak, Joel M. Egan, Carl L. Jorgensen, Franciel E. Rex, Jeffrey A. Hicke, Arjan J. H. Meddens
Article
Forestry
Theresa B. Jain, Russell T. Graham, John C. Byrne, Benjamin C. Bright
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin C. Bright, Andrew T. Hudak, Arjan J. H. Meddens, Joel M. Egan, Carl L. Jorgensen
Article
Plant Sciences
Casey S. Philbin, Lee A. Dyer, Christopher S. Jeffrey, Andrea E. Glassmire, Lora A. Richards
Summary: The study examines the trade-offs between structural complexity and compositional diversity in phytochemical mixtures, focusing on two species of Piper plants. It found that changes in understorey forest light can lead to increased herbivory, which in turn increases compositional diversity but decreases structural complexity in the plants. This complex interaction highlights the importance of considering both dimensions in ecological studies of chemical diversity.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Stephanie F. Hudon, Andrii Zaiats, Anna Roser, Anand Roopsind, Cristina Barber, Brecken C. Robb, Britt A. Pendleton, Meghan J. Camp, Patrick E. Clark, Merry M. Davidson, Jonas Frankel-Bricker, Marcella Fremgen-Tarantino, Jennifer Sorensen Forbey, Eric J. Hayden, Lora A. Richards, Olivia K. Rodriguez, T. Trevor Caughlin
Summary: The use of topic modeling in biodiversity science can bridge the gap between different disciplines and biological scales, facilitating conservation efforts and promoting a holistic approach. By analyzing community composition in cross-disciplinary datasets, insights can be gained into interacting plants, herbivores, and wildlife health across molecular, organismal, and landscape levels. This approach has the potential to inform future cross-scale studies aimed at detecting, monitoring, and managing biodiversity effectively.
Article
Forestry
Theresa B. Jain, Andrew S. Nelson, Benjamin C. Bright, John C. Byrne, Andrew T. Hudak
Summary: The study focused on the effects of wildfires on western white pine plantations, revealing that plantations on lower slopes are more resilient and resistant to wildfires, while those on upper slopes and ridges are vulnerable and likely in need of reforestation post-fire. These findings can help inform managers on the location selection for future plantations to enhance their wildfire resistance.
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Casey S. Philbin, Matthew Paulsen, Lora A. Richards
Summary: The study revealed that plant chemistry plays a crucial role in shaping the plant-insect community structure in Ceanothus velutinus, especially flavonoids and foliar oligopeptides. This highlights the importance of nutritional and defensive chemistry in mediating ecological interactions, and emphasizes the need for larger-scale studies incorporating other mediators of phytochemistry.
Article
Ecology
Tara Joy Massad, Lora A. Richards, Casey Philbin, Lydia Fumiko Yamaguchi, Massuo J. Kato, Christopher S. Jeffrey, Celso Oliveira, Kaitlin Ochsenrider, Marcilio M. de Moraes, Eric J. Tepe, Gerardo Cebrian Torregon, McKenzie Sandivo, Lee A. Dyer
Summary: Species richness in tropical forests is correlated with the diversity of plant-herbivore interactions and phytochemical diversity. Metabolomics has enhanced our understanding of the importance of phytochemical diversity for plant-insect interactions and overall forest richness. This study used proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study phytochemical diversity among Piper plants in the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil. The results showed that herbivory increased with species richness and was influenced by the diversity of Piper leaf material. Specialist herbivory increased when conspecific host plants were more dissimilar spectroscopically. Canopy openness and soil nutrients also played a role in chemistry and herbivory.
Article
Forestry
Brent W. Oblinger, Benjamin C. Bright, Ryan P. Hanavan, Mike Simpson, Andrew T. Hudak, Bruce D. Cook, Lawrence A. Corp
Summary: Armillaria root disease causes tree stress and mortality, and it is difficult to detect over large areas. In this study, we used lidar, aerial orthoimagery, and field observations to map individual tree health status in an Armillaria-affected forest. We developed a random forest classifier that achieved 83% accuracy in classifying tree health using lidar and spectral metrics. We created hotspot maps to identify clusters of unhealthy and dead trees, and used a dead tree density grid to detect sites and stands affected by root disease. This approach can help prioritize data collection, plan silvicultural prescriptions, and assess the impact of root disease-induced mortality on stand structure.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Goncalo M. Rosa, Rachel Perez, Lora A. Richards, Corinne L. Richard-Zawacki, Angela M. Smilanich, Laura K. Reinert, Louise A. Rollins-Smith, Daniel P. Wetzel, Jamie Voyles
Summary: This study found that the immune function of amphibians fluctuates seasonally, contributing to seasonal infection patterns in a tropical disease system.
Article
Ecology
Benjamin C. Bright, Andrew T. Hudak, T. Ryan McCarley, Alexander Spannuth, Nuria Sanchez-Lopez, Roger D. Ottmar, Amber J. Soja
Summary: This study utilized airborne lidar data and Landsat-derived fire history metrics to predict fuel load and create fuel maps. The results showed that canopy and surface fuels can be accurately predicted and mapped using airborne lidar. There were correlations between the predicted fuel load and the ground-observed fuel, and the surface fuel load was positively correlated with the time since fire in a nonlinear relationship.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Amanda T. Stahl, Robert Andrus, Jeffrey A. Hicke, Andrew T. Hudak, Benjamin C. Bright, Arjan J. H. Meddens
Summary: Remote sensing is widely used to detect forest disturbances over spatiotemporal scales that are infeasible to capture with field surveys. Researchers and managers have developed algorithms to automatically detect and attribute various types of disturbances from remotely sensed imagery. These automated disturbance attribution studies have the potential to guide future research and management applications.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Nuria Sanchez-Lopez, Andrew T. Hudak, Luigi Boschetti, Carlos A. Silva, Kevin Robertson, E. Louise Loudermilk, Benjamin C. Bright, Mac A. Callaham Jr, Melanie K. Taylor
Summary: This study investigates the continuity and depth of litter fuelbeds in fire-maintained pine forests. It proposes a simple approach for estimating litter accumulation based on tree crown foliage patterns, which was validated in different forest areas.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Molly M. Herzog, Andrew T. Hudak, David R. Weise, Ashley M. Bradley, Russell G. Tonkyn, Catherine A. Banach, Tanya L. Myers, Benjamin C. Bright, Jonathan L. Batchelor, Akira Kato, John S. Maitland, Timothy J. Johnson
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of forest fires on sparkleberry shrubs and the correlation between the composition of pyrolysis gases generated during fires.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kathryn A. Uckele, Joshua P. Jahner, Eric J. Tepe, Lora A. Richards, Lee A. Dyer, Kaitlin M. Ochsenrider, Casey S. Philbin, Massuo J. Kato, Lydia F. Yamaguchi, Matthew L. Forister, Angela M. Smilanich, Craig D. Dodson, Christopher S. Jeffrey, Thomas L. Parchman
Summary: The study utilized proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR) data, chemical classification, and double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) to analyze the evolution of secondary chemistry in the Neotropical plant clade Radula. The research revealed strong phylogenetic signal of traditional compound classes and weak phylogenetic signal of specialized chemical motifs, consistent with classic evolutionary hypotheses and recent examinations of phytochemical evolution in young lineages.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)