Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nathan Skillen, Helen Daly, Lan Lan, Meshal Aljohani, Christopher W. J. Murnaghan, Xiaolei Fan, Christopher Hardacre, Gary N. Sheldrake, Peter K. J. Robertson
Summary: Photocatalytic reforming of biomass has gained significant interest and research focus. It offers a sustainable and energy-efficient approach to convert biomass into value-added products. As this field continues to grow, challenges and research priorities need to be identified to facilitate fundamental research and technology readiness level improvement, fostering collaboration between academia and industry.
TOPICS IN CURRENT CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Yiniu Cui, Cheng Zhong, Jianhong Cao, Mengyao Guo
Summary: This study examines the relationship between green finance and PM2.5 levels by introducing green technological innovation as an intermediary variable. The findings show that green finance is effective in reducing PM2.5 emissions and has spillover effects on neighboring regions. The study also highlights the crucial mediating role of green technological innovation in this relationship.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chen Huang, Jian Li, Chenliang Zhang
Summary: Pyroptosis, a caspase-dependent cell death, plays a complex role in cancer development. It can be both anti-tumor and pro-tumor. Pyroptosis provides potential new targets for cancer treatment and helps optimize the use of existing drugs. Immunotherapy is a hot research direction in the field of cancer treatment.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Petra Macek, Nikolaus Molinari, Monika Sobocan, Jure Knez
Summary: The role of estrogens and progesterone in endometrial cancer is well-known, but there is limited information about the role of androgens. Five different androgens are produced in women: DHEAS, DHEA, A(4), T, and DHT. T and DHT are the most potent hormones, with DHT mainly produced from T in peripheral tissues including the endometrium. While androgens are generally considered to have anti-proliferative effects and their receptor expression is associated with a good prognosis in endometrial cancer, it is still unclear in which specific conditions androgens have carcinogenic or protective effects in endometrial cancer.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Piotr Schulz, Szymon Hryhorowicz, Anna Maria Rychter, Agnieszka Zawada, Ryszard Slomski, Agnieszka Dobrowolska, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak
Summary: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance, promoting metabolism, food intake, and body homeostasis, with its overactivity possibly being related to obesity. Investigating the impact of genetic factors on ECS regulation in obesity pathogenesis and finding new therapeutic targets are essential in addressing the global issue of obesity.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Joshua M. Ackerman, Joshua M. Tybur, Aaron D. Blackwell
Summary: The psychological adaptations motivating pathogen avoidance, known as the behavioral immune system, may not be as effective in combating pandemic diseases like COVID-19. Understanding the differences and similarities between our evolved pathogen-avoidance psychology and responses to pandemics could lead to a more precise and intervention-ready science.
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Grey S. Nearing, Frederik Kratzert, Alden Keefe Sampson, Craig S. Pelissier, Daniel Klotz, Jonathan M. Frame, Cristina Prieto, Hoshin V. Gupta
Summary: This paper is derived from a keynote talk given at Google's 2020 Flood Forecasting Meets Machine Learning Workshop. Recent experiments applying deep learning to rainfall-runoff simulation show that there is more information in large-scale hydrological data sets than previously thought. The paper calls for the hydrology community to focus on developing a quantitative understanding of the value of hydrological process understanding in a modeling discipline increasingly dominated by machine learning.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jie Wu, Kexin Lin, Jiasen Sun
Summary: The digital economy (DEY) is a critical tool for promoting sustainable urban development through digital transformation. This study investigates the impact of DEY on urban energy efficiency in China using data from 279 cities between 2011 and 2019. The findings reveal a U-shaped relationship between DEY and energy efficiency, with DEY initially decreasing energy efficiency but ultimately leading to improvement. The study also highlights the importance of industrial structure upgrading, greening urban areas, and government financial support in determining the effects of DEY on energy efficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Jiang, Z. Li, D. J. Young, M. Liu, C. Wu, Y. -L. Wu, X. J. Loh
Summary: Polymers are designed for effective virus inhibition and as carriers for antiviral drugs, with the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of antiviral therapeutics.
MATERIALS TODAY ADVANCES
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Aleksandra Janosevic Lezaic, Danica Bajuk-Bogdanovic, Jugoslav Krstic, Zoran Jovanovic, Zeljko Mravik, Janez Kovac, Nemanja Gavrilov
Summary: The transformation of tannic acid upon carbonization at different temperatures was studied, and the role of carbonized tannic acid in energy storage composites was examined. The results showed that carbonized tannic acid can significantly contribute to capacitance and conductivity in composite electrodes, indicating its potential as a cheap and abundant material for green supercapacitors.
Review
Immunology
Yun-Chao Zhang, Yu-Ting Zhang, Yi Wang, Ya Zhao, Li-Jie He
Summary: Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is important in development, fibrosis, repair, and tumor invasiveness. There is a close association between EMT and immune checkpoint molecule PDL1. PDL1 affects EMT through bidirectional regulation, and targeting PDL1 holds promise for treating EMT-related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Rachel H. Ellaway, Tasha R. Wyatt
Summary: The role of resistance in medicine and medical education is currently unclear and not emphasized, but the authors argue for professional resistance to be integrated into medical education to cultivate students' ability and responsibility to resist situations, structures, and acts that are oppressive, harmful, or unjust.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jian Lu, Jie Wu, Jun Wu, Xia He
Summary: This study investigated the influence of microplastics on the adsorption of nonylphenol (NP) on coastal saline soil. The results showed that the addition of 10% polyvinyl chloride (PVC, 4.7 mm) to the soil doubled the adsorption capacity of NP compared to soil without PVC. The addition of smaller-sized PVC (0.11 mm) increased the NP adsorption capacity of the soil by 117%. The adsorption/desorption kinetics of NP on the soil with PVC could be explained well by the pseudo second order model.
Article
Microbiology
Sophia Wirth, Daniela Freihorst, Katrin Krause, Erika Kothe
Summary: This study provides substantial evidence on the organization of the B mating-type loci in distantly related S. commune strains, showing high synteny in gene order and neighboring genes. Brl1 is proposed to play a role in mating, while Brl3, Brl4, and to a lesser extent Brl2, contribute to vegetative growth and possible determination of growth direction.
Review
Oncology
Anoosha Saud, Sreenivasa R. Sagineedu, Hui-Suan Ng, Johnson Stanslas, Jonathan Chee Woei Lim
Summary: Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer that can spread to vital organs. Inhibiting melanogenesis is being studied to prevent metastasis, but inducing melanogenesis may also play a role in preventing melanoma metastasis.