Article
Parasitology
Min Sun, Zhiteng Zhao, Ying Li, Lili Cao, Jianhua Li, Xichen Zhang, Xin Li, Nan Zhang, Shuqin Cheng, Xiaocen Wang, Pengtao Gong
Summary: Giardia intestinalis parasite evades host immune responses through surface proteins called VSPs. This study found that VSPAS7 protein in Giardia inhibits activation of signaling pathways and pyroptosis in host macrophages, allowing Giardia to evade host immune responses.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Joshua Oluoch Amimo, Sergei Alekseevich Raev, Juliet Chepngeno, Alfred Omwando Mainga, Yusheng Guo, Linda Saif, Anastasia N. Vlasova
Summary: Rotavirus is a major pathogen causing severe diarrheal illness in young children and animals worldwide, infecting mature enterocytes in the intestinal epithelium. The immune system of intestinal epithelial cells plays a crucial role in countering rotavirus invasion, while rotavirus has evolved mechanisms to evade host immunity. Understanding the mechanisms of rotavirus-IECs interactions is essential for developing strategies to control infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Elisabeth Naschberger, Christian Flierl, Jinghao Huang, Lena Erkert, Reyes Gamez-Belmonte, Miguel Gonzalez-Acera, Magdalena Bober, Martin Mehnert, Christoph Becker, Vera S. Schellerer, Nathalie Britzen-Laurent, Michael Stuerzl
Summary: The development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involves the breakdown of two barriers: the epithelial barrier and the gut-vascular barrier (GVB). Interferon (IFN)-? is a major pathogenesis factor in IBD and can impair both barriers. Secreted factors from the GVB and their impact on communication between the barriers in IBD are discussed.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aleksandra Lanocha, Natalia Lanocha-Arendarczyk, Dominika Wilczynska, Barbara Zdziarska, Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of gastrointestinal protozoan infection in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing intensive treatment and to determine the biological factors influencing intestinal parasite infection. The results showed a higher prevalence of parasitic infections in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Zhiqiang Li, Dimitra Peirasmaki, Staffan Svard, Magnus Abrink
Summary: The proteoglycan serglycin plays a regulatory role in intestinal immune responses by influencing the expression levels of chemokines and cytokines, leading to delayed weight gain in young SG(-/-) mice infected with Giardia intestinalis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Anne-Sophie Boucard, Myriam Thomas, Wilfried Lebon, Bruno Polack, Isabelle Florent, Philippe Langella, Luis G. Bermudez-Humaran
Summary: This study monitored naturally Giardia intestinalis-infected puppies for 3 months, revealing that the infection is associated with changes in the gut microbiota structure, immune health markers, and the establishment of chronic low-grade inflammation in the puppies. Further research is needed to determine if these alterations in the canine gut microbiota could lead to the development of dysbiosis-related diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Harpreet Kaur, Gurjeet Kaur, Syed Azmal Ali
Summary: To maintain host health and create a conducive environment for the gut microbiota, the host and gut microbiota interact with each other. These interactions primarily occur between commensal bacteria and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), serving as the primary defense mechanism to preserve intestinal homeostasis. The use of post-biotics, such as p40, positively influences IECs by acting as transactivators of the EGF receptor (EGFR), inducing protective responses and alleviating colitis. Moreover, post-biotics play a role in reprogramming IECs during the neonatal period for sustained protection against colitis in adulthood through regulation of TGF-beta release and expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs).
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Barrila, Shameema F. Sarker, Nicole Hansmeier, Shanshan Yang, Kristina Buss, Natalia Briones, Jin Park, Richard R. Davis, Rebecca J. Forsyth, C. Mark Ott, Kevin Sato, Cristine Kosnik, Anthony Yang, Cheryl Shimoda, Nicole Rayl, Diana Ly, Aaron Landenberger, Stephanie D. Wilson, Naoko Yamazaki, Jason Steel, Camila Montano, Rolf U. Halden, Tom Cannon, Sarah L. Castro-Wallace, Cheryl A. Nickerson
Summary: This study investigated the effects of spaceflight on the physiology of human cells and microbial pathogens relevant to infectious disease, with a focus on the host-pathogen interactions. The results from the first in-flight infection and dual RNA-seq analysis using human cells provide valuable insights into the impact of space environment on cellular and molecular responses.
Article
Microbiology
Jana Gruttner, Jorik M. van Rijn, Petra Geiser, Alexandra Florbrant, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Magnus Sundbom, Mikael E. Sellin, Staffan G. Svard
Summary: Giardia intestinalis is a parasite that infects the upper small intestine of mammals. It can cause diarrhoeal disease in humans, but many infections do not cause symptoms. The molecular mechanisms behind these different outcomes are still unclear.
Review
Immunology
Shahram Solaymani-Mohammadi
Summary: Human giardiasis is a common parasitic disease that can lead to malnutrition and developmental disorders. Understanding the interaction between the parasite and the intestinal epithelial cells may provide insights into the pathology and help identify new therapeutic approaches.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Won-Suk Song, Sung-Hyun Jo, Jae-Seung Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Ji-Hyeon Park, Ye-Rim Kim, Ji-Hyun Baek, Min-Gyu Kim, Seo-Young Kwon, Yun-Gon Kim
Summary: This study discovered that Roseburia intestinalis exhibits higher levels of butyrate production and greater ability to digest prebiotic polysaccharides compared to other major butyrate-producing bacteria in the human gut. It was also found that R. intestinalis can upregulate the expression of tight junction proteins in human intestinal epithelial cells, suggesting its potential for promoting intestinal health. In addition, R. intestinalis was found to enhance purine metabolism and the oxidative pathway, leading to increased levels of adenosine triphosphate in human intestinal epithelial cells.
BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Won-Suk Song, Sung-Hyun Jo, Jae-Seung Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Ji-Hyeon Park, Ye-Rim Kim, Ji-Hyun Baek, Min-Gyu Kim, Seo-Young Kwon, Yun-Gon Kim
Summary: This study discovered that Roseburia intestinalis produces higher levels of butyrate and digests a wider variety of prebiotic polysaccharide structures compared to other major butyrate-producing bacteria. Additionally, it was found that R. intestinalis upregulated tight junction protein expression in human intestinal epithelial cells and enhanced purine metabolism and the oxidative pathway, increasing adenosine triphosphate levels.
BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jana Caudet, Maria Trelis, Susana Cifre, Gabriela Tapia, Jose M. Soriano, Regina Rodrigo, Juan F. Merino-Torres
Summary: The diagnosis of obesity and the development of insulin resistance and metabolic comorbidities are linked. Enteric eukaryotic unicellular parasites may play an important role in modulating the antioxidant defenses of an obese host, thus potentially beneficial in the development of systemic metabolic disorders.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fei Gao, Hengwei Wu, Limengmeng Wang, Yanmin Zhao, He Huang
Summary: Despite advancements in HSCT, GVHD, especially intestinal GVHD, still poses a significant challenge to the procedure. Traditionally, GVHD has been seen as an immune response, with the intestine as a target. However, factors such as altered intestinal microbiome and epithelial damage contribute to intestinal damage after transplantation. This review summarizes these factors and explores the potential of remodeling intestinal homeostasis in GVHD management.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ibrahim Fathi, Toshio Miki
Summary: This article reviews the different components and constituents of hAEC-secretome and their influence as demonstrated through experimental studies. The challenges facing the application of this cell-free approach are also discussed based on the current evidence.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Amir Fallahshahroudi, Martin Johnsson, Enrico Sorato, S. J. Kumari A. Ubhayasekera, Jonas Bergquist, Jordi Altimiras, Per Jensen
Summary: The genetic variation in TSHR between red junglefowl and domestic chicken is reflected in differences in abundance, gene expression levels, hormone levels, sexual maturity, and behavior.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dominic Stanculescu, Lars Larsson, Jonas Bergquist
Summary: This study suggests that maladaptive mechanisms inhibiting recovery in some ICU patients may also be present in ME/CFS, involving the suppression of pituitary gland tropic hormone secretion and a vicious circle of inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS), and low thyroid hormone function. Further investigation through collaborative research projects is recommended.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Parasitology
Laura Rojas-Lopez, Rafael C. Marques, Staffan G. Svard
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jorik M. van Rijn, Jens Eriksson, Jana Gruttner, Magnus Sundbom, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Staffan G. Svard, Mikael E. Sellin
Summary: Understanding the dynamic interactions between individual microbes and host cells is crucial for infectious disease research. A new method for live-cell imaging of microbial infection dynamics on human intestinal epithelial cell layers has been developed, providing insights into the behavior of Salmonella and Giardia pathogens.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Henrik Hill, Andris Elksnis, Per Lundkvist, Kumari Ubhayasekera, Jonas Bergquist, Bryndis Birnir, Per-Ola Carlsson, Daniel Espes
Summary: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter found in the central nervous system and immune cells. Research has shown that GABA has immune-modulatory and beta-cell stimulatory effects and could potentially be used to treat type 1 diabetes. However, a study measuring the levels of GABA in T1D patients found that the levels were unchanged compared to healthy controls, suggesting that GABA secretion from beta-cells has minimal impact on systemic levels. The study also found correlations between GABA levels and certain cytokines and GAD-autoantibodies, indicating potential alterations in local GABA levels within pancreatic islets.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Malin Kallsten, Diana Visanu, Matthijs Pijnappel, Fredrik Lehmann, Jonas Bergquist, Sara Bergstrom Lind, Lucia Kovac
Summary: The addition of supercharging reagents improves the charge state and spectral quality of trastuzumab and ADCs under denaturing conditions, without affecting the DAR values.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon R. Law, Alonso R. Serrano, Yohann Daguerre, John Sundh, Andreas N. Schneider, Zsofia R. Stangl, David Castro, Manfred Grabherr, Torgny Nasholm, Nathaniel R. Street, Vaughan Hurry
Summary: Carbon storage and cycling in boreal forests, which are the largest terrestrial carbon store, are influenced by the complex interactions between trees and soil microorganisms. This study developed a metatranscriptomic approach to examine the impact of nutrient enrichment on Norway spruce fine roots and the fungal community structure and function. The findings demonstrate the important role of host-microbe dynamics in mediating the carbon storage potential of boreal soils under changing nutrient conditions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Christian Greve, Hobey Tam, Manfred Grabherr, Aditya Ramesh, Bart Scheerder, Juha M. Hijmans
Summary: This study developed a novel machine learning algorithm and tested its validity for automated gait partitioning of laboratory-based and sensor-based gait data, showing low mean errors. By combining reinforcement learning with deep neural networks, significant reduction in the size of training datasets was achieved, providing high flexibility for end-users.
Article
Biology
Rui Santos, Asgeir Astvaldsson, Shweta Pipaliya, Jon Paulin Zumthor, Joel B. Dacks, Staffan Svard, Adrian B. Hehl, Carmen Faso
Summary: This study presents a quantitative morphological characterization of Giardia lamblia's endocytic system using volumetric electron microscopy and super-resolution microscopy. The study also compared endosome-like organelles in phylogenetically related taxa. The findings shed light on the evolution of GlACLC analogues in the Fornicata supergroup and their possible role in the formation and maintenance of stable clathrin assemblies at PVs in Giardia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Hu, Yaorui Hu, Yao Pei, Rongrong Li, Fuyi Xu, Xiaodong Chi, Jia Mi, Jonas Bergquist, Lu Lu, Luping Zhang, Chunhua Yang
Summary: A study found that there were 46 differentially expressed proteins between cervical carcinoma (CC) and normal tissues, with Integrin beta 6, PPP1CB, TMPO, PTGES3, and DTX3L significantly upregulated in CC, while Desmin was significantly downregulated. Silencing DTX3L could suppress CC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis, and enhance cell apoptosis. Furthermore, DTX3L silencing inhibited the activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggest that DTX3L may regulate CC progression through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for CC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofia Persson, Kumari A. Ubhayasekera, Jonas Bergquist, Sahruh Turkmen, Inger Sundstroem Poromaa, Evangelia Elenis
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women, and hyperandrogenism can cause psychological morbidity and impaired quality of life. This study aimed to investigate whether hyperandrogenism persists into midlife and its impact on quality of life.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Julio Cesar Espana Amortegui, Heidi Pekar, Mark Dennis Chico Retrato, Malin Persson, Bengt Karlson, Jonas Bergquist, Aida Zuberovic-Muratovic
Summary: A LC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous identification and quantification of cyanotoxins in edible bivalves. The method successfully detected and resolved two previously detected cyanotoxin congeners separately. The method showed limitations for certain cyanotoxins but overall was specific and robust for the parameters investigated. The method was applied to analyze mussel and oyster samples collected along the Swedish coast, and the results can contribute to future regulatory monitoring for cyanotoxins to ensure seafood safety.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anja Naas, Peng Li, Clas Ahlm, Elisabeth Aurelius, Josef D. Jarhult, Silvia Schliamser, Marie Studahl, Wenzhong Xiao, Jonas Bergquist, Gabriel Westman
Summary: This study investigated the temporal changes of the CSF proteome in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) and its association with factors such as anti-NMDAR serostatus, corticosteroid treatment, brain MRI, and neurocognitive performance. The results showed that the composition and activation pathways of CSF proteins vary at different stages of the disease. Additionally, it was found that several proteins were less abundant in patients with anti-NMDAR seropositivity compared to seronegativity.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mark Dennis Chico Retrato, Siyuan Qiu, Anna Lundquist, Aida Zuberovic Muratovic, Farshid Mashayekhy Rad, S. J. Kumari A. Ubhayasekera, Jonas Bergquist
Summary: This study describes a simple and robust method for the identification and quantification of 22 fatty acids in TPN components using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method was evaluated according to the guidelines from FDA, EMA, and ICH, and demonstrated good methodological performance. The developed method has potential applications for quality assurance and control of TPN products.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jorik M. van Rijn, Jens Eriksson, Jana Gruttner, Magnus Sundbom, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Staffan G. Svard, Mikael E. Sellin
Summary: The study focuses on dynamic interactions between pathogenic microbes and host tissues, utilizing live-cell microscopy to visualize microbe behavior on intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) layers. By imaging without fluorescent labels, the method provides high-resolution observation of Salmonella and Giardia interactions on the epithelial surface, revealing pathogen-specific swimming patterns and stages of infection cycles previously unrecognized. This relatively inexpensive approach bridges the divide between technical requirements for live-cell imaging and physiological infection niche parameters.