Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yoshiaki Sugihara, Naoto Inai, Masayasu Taki, Thomas Baumgartner, Ryosuke Kawakami, Takashi Saitou, Takeshi Imamura, Takeshi Yanai, Shigehiro Yamaguchi
Summary: The use of donor-pi-acceptor (D-pi-A) skeletons with amino and boryl moieties as the electron-donating and -accepting groups can produce fluorophores with red-shifted emissions. The introduction of a dithienophosphole P-oxide scaffold as an acceptor-spacer in the D-A-A pi-system results in near-infrared emission fluorophores with high fluorescence quantum yields. The boryl group plays a crucial role in generating intense emission by lowering the nonradiative decay rate constant through reducing non-adiabatic coupling in the internal conversion process.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Zhe (Han) Weng, Johannes Lehmann, Lukas Van Zwieten, Stephen Joseph, Braulio S. Archanjo, Bruce Cowie, Lars Thomsen, Mark J. Tobin, Jitraporn Vongsvivut, Annaleise Klein, Casey L. Doolette, Helen Hou, Carsten W. Mueller, Enzo Lombi, Peter M. Kopittke
Summary: Soil organic carbon management is a nature-based method for carbon dioxide removal, which also enhances soil health and agricultural productivity. Recent theories emphasize the importance of molecular diversity, spatial heterogeneity, and temporal variability of organic compounds in controlling the formation and persistence of soil organic matter (SOM). Advanced in situ techniques are needed to study these processes without disturbing the physical and chemical integrity of the sample.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Joseph P. Huston, Owen Y. Chao
Summary: This article discusses the memory system akin to episodic memory (EM) in non-human animals, particularly rats, and various behavioral paradigms used to study EM. Different tests are combined to evaluate memory similar to EM, including novel object preference, novel location preference, and temporal order memory. The article emphasizes the importance of assessing the ability to integrate what, where, and when information in a single experience and discusses the progress and future directions in the search for neural mechanisms of EM in rats.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pablo Rios, Javier Borge, Francisco Fernandez de Cordova, Giuseppe Sciortino, Agusti Lledos, Amor Rodriguez
Summary: The concept of metal-ligand cooperation introduces new possibilities in catalyst design, showing how the electronic properties of ligands can be modified by a boron center and exhibiting their ambiphilic nature. This cooperative mechanism involves two boryl ligands in the same molecule operating differently, one as a Lewis acid and the other as a Lewis base, in cooperation with the metal.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Thibaud Richard, Pierre Lesaffre, Edith Falgarone, Andrew Lehmann
Summary: This study systematically investigates the physical nature of intense dissipation regions in decaying isothermal magnetohydrodynamical turbulence. The results reveal that these regions mainly correspond to sheets and can be categorized as fast and slow shocks or Alfven discontinuities. The study also finds that the initial conditions and the magnetic Prandtl number have different impacts on the distributions and heating rates within these structures. Additionally, the study shows a strong correlation between the entrance characteristics of the structures.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Franz J. Giessibl
Summary: The nature of the chemical bond is crucial in various natural sciences, and the AFM technology allows for the study of individual chemical bonds. Experimental AFM data covers a range of chemical bonds, while density functional theory calculations are related to these studies. Frequency modulation AFM is a precise method that has enabled high precision measurements of bonding strengths.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Khyati Malhan, Monica Valluri, Katherine Freese
Summary: The steepness of dark matter central density profiles in low-mass galaxy haloes is a powerful probe of dark matter nature. By studying present-day properties of accreted globular cluster streams, it is possible to infer the central dark matter density profile and mass of their parent satellites. The results suggest a preference for cored subhaloes in the Milky Way, which may have implications for particle physics models beyond Cold Dark Matter.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maria Emilia De Rossi, Volker Bromm
Summary: By implementing a model of primordial dust emission, the study predicts dust-continuum fluxes for massive galaxy sources detected by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) at high redshift. The findings suggest that the low dust-to-metal mass ratio and metallicity values are in agreement with some proposed scenarios to explain the non-detection of FIR dust continuum for high-z JWST galaxy candidates. ALMA observations could further constrain the dust chemistry and distribution in the early universe.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Michael J. Baker, Andrea Thamm
Summary: Photons emitted from an evaporating black hole have the potential to provide comprehensive information about the particle spectrum of nature, up to the Planck scale. Observing an evaporating black hole could open a unique window to study models beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. By computing the limits, we find that an evaporating black hole observed at a distance of 0.01 parsecs could probe the size of a dark sector.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucas Schneider, Philip Beck, Levente Rozsa, Thore Posske, Jens Wiebe, Roland Wiesendanger
Summary: Spin chains proximitized by s-wave superconductors are predicted to enter a mini-gapped phase with topologically protected Majorana modes (MMs) localized at their ends. However, the presence of non-topological end states mimicking MM properties can hinder their unambiguous observation. Here, we report on a direct method to exclude the non-local nature of end states via scanning tunneling spectroscopy by introducing a locally perturbing defect on one of the chain's ends. We apply this method to particular end states observed in antiferromagnetic spin chains within a large minigap, thereby proving their topologically trivial character. A minimal model shows that, while wide trivial minigaps hosting end states are easily achieved in antiferromagnetic spin chains, unrealistically large spin-orbit coupling is required to drive the system into a topologically gapped phase with MMs. The methodology of perturbing candidate topological edge modes in future experiments is a powerful tool to probe their stability against local disorder. Spin chains on superconductors have been studied as a possible venue for zero-energy Majorana bound states at the ends of the chain. Here, the authors observe localized end states in antiferromagnetic chains, but rule out a Majorana origin of these states by perturbing them with local defects.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. Guo, X. H. Zhou, C. M. Petrache, E. A. Lawrie, S. H. Mthembu, Y. D. Fang, H. Y. Wu, H. L. Wang, H. Y. Meng, G. S. Li, Y. H. Qiang, J. G. Wang, M. L. Liu, Y. Zheng, B. Ding, W. Q. Zhang, A. Rohilla, K. R. Muhki, Y. Y. Yang, H. J. Ong, J. B. Ma, S. W. Xu, Z. Bai, H. L. Fan, J. F. Huang, J. H. Li, J. H. Xu, B. F. Lv, W. Hua, Z. G. Gan, Y. H. Zhang
Summary: This study explores the nature and identification issues of reported low-spin wobbling bands. The results of a new experiment indicate that one of the wobbling bands is generated by dominant single-particle excitation. It is also highlighted that the previous research paradigm can lead to unreliable identification of low-spin wobbling bands.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yi Ma, Keila Garrido, Rashid Ali, Gerald A. Berkowitz
Summary: Plant CNGCs play a crucial role in cytosolic Ca2+ influx for immune defense and thermosensing. Physically interacting CNGCs (CNGC2, CNGC4, and CNGC6) may form a multimeric channel complex involved in immune signaling, while CNGC12 does not interact with other CNGCs. CNGC2, CNGC4, and CNGC6 mutants showed impaired response to the elicitor peptide Pep3, whereas all four CNGC mutants exhibited thermotolerance.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. Sidoli, V. Sguera, K. Postnov, P. Esposito, L. Oskinova, I. A. Mereminskiy
Summary: This paper reports the results of a Chandra observation of IGR J16327-4940, a source believed to be a high-mass X-ray binary. The findings exclude the proposed optical association and identify the most likely soft X-ray counterpart.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Enrique Mestre, Emma de Ona Wilhelmi, Diego F. Torres, Tim Lukas Holch, Ullrich Schwanke, Felix Aharonian, Pablo Saz Parkinson, Ruizhi Yang, Roberta Zanin
Summary: By analyzing Fermi-LAT data from the star-forming region Westerlund 2, this study provides new clues about the origin of gamma-ray emission, supporting the hypothesis that star-forming regions can contribute to the cosmic ray sea observed in our Galaxy. The characteristics of the bright pulsar PSRJ1023-5746 and the extended source FGESJ1023.3-5747 were investigated, leading to the identification of FGESJ1023.3-5747 as the GeV counterpart of the TeV source HESSJ1023-575.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Prerna Paliwal, Nabanita Deb, Daniel M. Reich, Ad van der Avoird, Christiane P. Koch, Edvardas Narevicius
Summary: Scattering resonances play a central role in collision processes, providing intuitive understanding of collision dynamics. Resonances localized in the reaction region lead to sharp peaks in reaction rates, while those outside the reaction region mainly modify elastic scattering.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenqiang Ma, Letian Xu, Sikun Zhang, Guoping Li, Tianyu Ma, Bin Rao, Mingming Zhang, Gang He
Summary: Bismoviologens are novel viologen analogues bridged by bismuth, featuring good redox properties and phosphorescence. Due to their unique properties, bismoviologens were fabricated into electrophosphorochromic devices and utilized for the first time as both a photocatalyst and electron mediator in visible light-induced reactions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gabriel L. C. de Souza, Kirk A. Peterson
Summary: This study calculated the ionization potentials of the formaldehyde trimer using a computational approach. The results showed that the trimer's IPs were lower than those of the dimer and monomer, with different conformations playing a minor role in determining these properties.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guoping Li, Kun Zhou, Qi Sun, Wenqiang Ma, Xu Liu, Xuri Zhang, Lei Zhang, Bin Rao, Ya-Ling He, Gang He
Summary: Multifunctional solar energy conversion is a feasible strategy to solve energy, environmental, and water crises. Platinum(II)-tethered chalcogenoviologens can trigger solar H-2 production and exhibit efficient antibacterial activities. Furthermore, these chalcogenoviologens can achieve multiple functions, such as H-2 production, antibacterial action, and acid removal, by using real pool water.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
N. F. O. Araujo, V. A. S. da Mata, G. L. C. de Souza
Summary: This study investigated the electron interactions with diazene and hydrazine through computational simulations. The results showed significant differences in elastic scattering between different conformations of diazene, attributed to the permanent dipole moment of the Z-N2H2 molecule. In terms of integral cross sections and momentum transfer cross sections, distinct peaks were observed for E-N2H2, related to the -N=N- moiety and the N-H bonds, while Z-N2H2 and N2H4 exhibited similar results. The total absorption cross sections were found to be practically the same for both conformations of diazene, but lower than hydrazine.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaodong Yang, Bingjie Zhang, Yujing Gao, Chenjing Liu, Guoping Li, Bin Rao, Dake Chu, Ni Yan, Mingming Zhang, Gang He
Summary: A series of pyrene or pyrene-o-carborane-appendant selenoviologens have been reported for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction and reduction of alkynes. The efficient photoinduced electron transfer process enables high-efficiency visible-light-driven HER and highly selective phenylacetylene reduction when combined with Pt-NPs catalyst.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Roman G. Belli, Jin Yang, Erick Nunez Bahena, Robert McDonald, Lisa Rosenberg
Summary: This study provides a thorough experimental examination of the mechanisms involved in the catalytic hydrophosphination reaction using a series of half-sandwich Ru indenyl complexes. The results highlight the importance of ancillary ligands in the design of active and robust catalysts for this reaction, and reveal the complexity that can arise from simple mechanistic premises.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sikun Zhang, Lingzhi Ma, Wenqiang Ma, Long Chen, Kai Gao, Shi Yu, Mingming Zhang, Lei Zhang, Gang He
Summary: Two coordinated metallacycles with selenoviologens pendants were synthesized and showed tunable optoelectronic properties. Femtosecond transient absorption experiments revealed that the formation of macrocyclic structure enhanced the stability of radical cation and improved the efficiency of intramolecular charge transfer. Using these metallacycles as photocatalysts achieved improved catalytic efficiency for visible-light-induced reactions.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xuri Zhang, Xu Liu, Heng Zhang, Zengrong Wang, Yueyan Zhang, Guoping Li, Ming-jia Li, Gang He
Summary: This study reports a series of chalcogenophene viologens as anolytes for neutral aqueous organic redox flow batteries. These viologens exhibit narrow HOMO-LUMO energy gap, high solubility, and stable electrochemical properties. Compared to the parent compound, the introduction of chalcogenophene groups reduces the redox potential and enhances the stability of their free radical state, resulting in a higher theoretical battery voltage and enhanced stability.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Zachary W. Schroeder, Robert McDonald, Michael J. Ferguson, Wesley A. Chalifoux, Rik R. Tykwinski, Dan Lehnherr
Summary: A general method for the synthesis of ethynylated pentacene ketones is reported, and key noncovalent interactions contributing to their crystallization are revealed by X-ray crystallography.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yawen Li, Naiyao Li, Guoping Li, Yi Qiao, Mingming Zhang, Lei Zhang, Qing-Hui Guo, Gang He
Summary: Selenoviologen-based tetracationic cyclophanes with rigid electron-deficient cavities were synthesized through SN2 reactions. These cyclophanes exhibit good redox properties, narrow energy gaps, and strong absorption in the visible range. They were successfully applied to electrochromic devices and visible-light-driven hydrogen production. Host-guest recognitions were demonstrated, and a simplified system for solar energy conversion was achieved.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rafael M. Motta, Gabriel L. C. de Souza
Summary: In this study, a series of recently synthesized indole derived compounds were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent formalism (TD-DFT). The results showed that these compounds have lower excitation energies compared to their parent molecule, which may have detrimental effects on photosynthesis. Frontier orbital analysis suggested that electron delocalization (advent from structural modifications) is responsible for the lowering of excitation energies.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qi Sun, Qi Su, Yujing Gao, Kun Zhou, Weijie Song, Penghe Quan, Xiaojian Yang, Zhishen Ge, Yanmin Zhang, Gang He
Summary: In this study, a new type-I photosensitizer (TPE-TeV-PPh3) was developed for efficient cancer cell killing under hypoxic conditions and effective photodynamic therapy in response to high concentrations of H2O2.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gabriel L. C. de Souza, Kirk A. Peterson
Summary: This work presents an investigation on the ionization potentials of the glycine molecule and provides accurate IPs for different conformations of glycine. The findings enrich the understanding of the glycine molecule and motivate future research on its photo-induced processes.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xu Liu, Xuri Zhang, Guoping Li, Sikun Zhang, Bingjie Zhang, Wenqiang Ma, Zengrong Wang, Yueyan Zhang, Gang He
Summary: A series of thienoviologen derivatives with a narrow bandgap, high solubility, and two-electron transfer properties have been developed as anolytes for high-performance aqueous organic redox flow batteries. The anolyte, [(NPr)(2)TV]Cl-4, exhibits enhanced diffusion coefficient and electron transfer constant compared to other viologen anolytes. When paired with a suitable catholyte, the [(NPr)(2)TV]Cl-4 anolyte achieves high specific capacity and capacity utilization, while maintaining stability over multiple cycles.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Mengying Guo, Kun Zhou, Rui Ding, Xiaodan Zhao, Yueyan Zhang, Zixi Zhang, Gang He
Summary: A series of water-soluble cationic thienoviologen derivative photosensitizers were reported, which could efficiently inhibit bacterial growth by generating reactive oxygen species, showing great potential as PDT agents.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
