Journal
ONCOTARGET
Volume 8, Issue 56, Pages 95648-95661Publisher
IMPACT JOURNALS LLC
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21172
Keywords
sphingosine-1-phosphate; combretastatin; VE-cadherin; tumour microcirculation; adherens junctions
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Funding
- Cancer Research UK [C1276/A9993]
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the US NIH [P01 HL024136, R01 HL059157, R01 HL127402]
- Cancer Research UK [9993] Funding Source: researchfish
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Solid tumours vary in sensitivity to the vascular disrupting agent combretastatin A-4 3-O-phosphate (CA4P), but underlying factors are poorly understood. The signaling sphingolipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), promotes vascular barrier integrity by promoting assembly of VE-cadherin/beta-catenin complexes. We tested the hypothesis that tumour pre-treatment with S1P would render tumours less susceptible to CA4P. S1P (1 mu M) pretreatment attenuated an increase in endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayer permeability induced by 10ae mu M CA4P. Intravenously administered S1P (8mg/kg/hr for 20 minutes then 2mg/kg/hr for 40 minutes), reduced CA4P-induced (30mg/kg) blood flow shut-down in fibrosarcoma tumours in SCID mice (n >= 7 per group), as measured by tumour retention of an intravenously administered fluorescent lectin. A trend towards in vivo protection was also found using laser Doppler flowmetry. Immunohistochemical staining of tumours ex vivo revealed disrupted patterns of VE-cadherin in vasculature of mice treated with CA4P, which were decreased by pretreatment with S1P. S1P treatment also stabilized N-cadherin junctions between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in culture, and stabilized tubulin filaments in HUVEC monolayers. We conclude that the rapid shutdown of tumour microvasculature by CA4P is due in part to disruption of adherens junctions and that S1P has a protective effect on both adherens junctions and the endothelial cell cytoskeleton.
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