Article
Ophthalmology
Satoko Nakano, Yasuhiro Tomaru, Toshiaki Kubota, Hiroshi Takase, Manabu Mochizuki, Norio Shimizu, Sunao Sugita
Summary: The Direct Strip PCR test offers rapid and accurate detection of infectious pathogens causing uveitis. It shows high concordance with qPCR results, even when used by beginners, indicating its reliability for clinical use. Additionally, it can be used for intraoperative diagnosis, improving the prognosis of infectious diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Masanobu Iwanaga, Takashi Hironaka, Naoki Ikeda, Takehito Sugasawa, Kazuhiro Takekoshi
Summary: This study demonstrates that highly fluorescence-enhancing all-dielectric metasurface biosensors can detect single-target cell-free DNA (cfDNA) specific to human practice effect. By combining metasurface biosensors with a reduced-cycle polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, high-precision detection of cfDNA was achieved. The results showed that the metasurface biosensors can successfully discriminate the target from zero at a single-molecule concentration with high statistical confidence.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sharmin Sultana, Azrina Azlan, Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa, Nor Ainy Mahyudin
Summary: The genetic information in DNA is crucial, and the identification of selective DNA sequences is essential in biological studies. Various authentication techniques, including PCR assays, nanotechnology-based biosensors, and microarray devices, have evolved to trace and detect different DNA targets. While detecting single DNA is relatively straightforward, the innovation of multiple platforms is required to identify hundreds or even thousands of DNA targets in a cost-effective and time-saving manner. This review provides an up-to-date documentary of DNA techniques for species identification in the food chain, discussing current knowledge, limitations, opportunities, and hurdles.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Drew F. K. Williamson, Sean R. N. Marris, Vanesa Rojas-Rudilla, Jacqueline L. Bruce, Cloud P. Paweletz, Geoffrey R. Oxnard, Lynette M. Sholl, Fei Dong
Summary: Activating mutations in EGFR can predict the effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer. This article presents a fast and accurate analytical method for detecting EGFR mutations.
Article
Immunology
Se Chang Oh, Soo Min Park, Jian Hur, Eun Young Choi, Hyun Jung Jin, Yu Kyung Kim, Jong Ho Lee, Ji Young Ahn, Jae Min Lee
Summary: The study investigated the effectiveness of mPCR for early diagnosis of pertussis, revealing that most patients were diagnosed within two weeks from symptom onset and required hospitalization and antibiotic treatment.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
In Hyuk Yoo, Hyun Mi Kang, Woosuk Suh, Hanwool Cho, In Young Yoo, Sung Jin Jo, Yeon Joon Park, Dae Chul Jeong
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the use of BioFire(R) FilmArray(R) Gastrointestinal Panel (GI Panel) in improving the management of acute diarrhea in children. The results showed a higher pathogen positivity rate in community-onset diarrhea with the GI Panel, leading to clinical benefits such as reduced antibiotic use and strengthened infection prevention.
Article
Biophysics
Yonghee Shin, Taejin Kwak, Keumrai Whang, Yuseung Jo, Jeong Ha Hwang, Inhyeok Hwang, Hyun Ji An, Youngwook Lim, Inhee Choi, Dongchoul Kim, Luke P. Lee, Taewook Kang
Summary: In this study, we utilize a hierarchically porous silica structure of single-celled algae to achieve bubble-free diatom polymerase chain reaction (PCR), solving the critical problem of air bubble trapping during PCR. The surface hydrophilicity and pore structure of the diatom allow for spontaneous loading of PCR solution without air bubble trapping, and a large pressure gradient between air bubbles and nanopores rapidly removes residual air bubbles. We successfully amplify DNA fragments and detect SARSCoV-2 with as low as 10 copies/μl using diatom PCR and a microfluidic device integrated with diatoms assembly. This work has the potential to revolutionize molecular diagnostics and provide new opportunities for diatoms in real-world applications.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Weidu Song, Chuanhao Zhang, Huichao Lin, Taiyi Zhang, Haixia Liu, Xiaowen Huang
Summary: The proposed real-time rotary PCR reaction system (RRP) meets the requirements of low cost, low-power consumption, potential for miniaturization, and portability. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate its feasibility in the rapid quantitative detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and have broad application prospects in bacteria detection and food safety.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shaolei Huang, Yiquan An, Bangchao Xi, Xianglian Gong, Zhongfu Chen, Shan Shao, Shengxiang Ge, Jun Zhang, Dongxu Zhang, Ningshao Xia
Summary: Nucleic acid detection is a method that directly identifies the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and has advantages of high sensitivity, commendable specificity, and a short window period. A real-time PCR system based on multiple temperature zones was proposed to solve the time-consuming problem, enabling fast detection speed and high sensitivity under extreme conditions.
Article
Immunology
Andrew T. Pavia, Daniel M. Cohen, Amy L. Leber, Judy A. Daly, Jami T. Jackson, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Neena Kanwar, Jeffrey M. Bender, Jennifer Dien Bard, Ara Festekjian, Susan Duffy, Chari Larsen, Kristen M. Holmberg, Tyler Bardsley, Benjamin Haaland, Kevin M. Bourzac, Stockmann Christopher, Kimberle C. Chapin, Daniel T. Leung
Summary: Routine molecular multiplex testing for children with acute gastroenteritis in the emergency department increased the detection rate of clinically significant pathogens and reduced the rate of return visits.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Frieder Schaumburg, Neele Frobose, Robin Kock
Summary: The study found that the GI-EB Screening assay used for diagnosing traveller's diarrhoea failed to establish a clear association between various test-target organisms (such as Campylobacter spp., Clostridioides difficile toxin A/B, etc.) and diarrhoea. Although it showed a concordance of 86.8-100% with the BioFire (R) FilmArray (R), its selection of test-target organisms seems inappropriate for the diagnosis of TD.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Hongjie Liu, Jinhui Li, Yanfeng Lin, Xiaochen Bo, Hongbin Song, Kuibiao Li, Peng Li, Ming Ni
Summary: Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 using multiplex PCR and nanopore sequencing is important for understanding global transmission and viral evolution. The study introduces a new PCR primer panel for high-depth sequencing of viral genomes, showing promising results compared to existing methods.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Ma, Gary Tran, Alwin M. D. Wan, Edmond W. K. Young, Eugenia Kumacheva, Norman N. Iscove, Peter W. Zandstra
Summary: This study introduces a novel single-cell gene expression analysis technique that can detect multiple targets in over 100,000 single cells simultaneously with rapid readout. The technology uses microdroplet-based one-step RT-PCR to analyze gene expression in single cells, and utilizes a probabilistic deconvolution method to generate single-cell gene signature profiles and predict cell frequencies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Masaoki Ito, Yoshihiro Miyata, Shoko Hirano, Fumiko Irisuna, Kei Kushitani, Yuichiro Kai, Naoto Kishi, Yasuhiro Tsutani, Yukio Takeshima, Morihito Okada
Summary: Liquid biopsy using ddPCR detected lung cancer in 12.0% of pN0M0 EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients, with 83.3% of ddPCR-positive patients exhibiting pure-solid appearance in HRCT. Detection ratio increased to 21.3% among patients with pure-solid appearance tumors, suggesting tumor appearance might be useful for better selection of liquid biopsy candidates.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Hyun-Woo Lee, Seung-Beom Han, Jung-Woo Rhim
Summary: This study aimed to determine the subjects for bacterial multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) testing and to interpret the mPCR test results based on patients' clinical symptoms and diagnoses. The study found that positive mPCR test results were significantly associated with older age, diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis, presence of hematochezia, and absence of cough. Additionally, the identification of invasive pathogens in patients with positive mPCR test results was significantly associated with the diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis, presence of fever and diarrhea, and higher C-reactive protein levels. Therefore, selective bacterial mPCR testing should be performed based on the patients' clinical symptoms and diagnoses.
Article
Oncology
Ju Won Kim, Ah Reum Lim, Ji Young You, Jung Hyun Lee, Sung Eun Song, Nam Kwon Lee, Seung Pil Jung, Kyu Ran Cho, Cheol Yong Kim, Kyong Hwa Park
Summary: The study investigated the correlation between PIK3CA mutations and treatment response or duration in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. The results showed that patients with activating PIK3CA mutations had lower pathologic complete response rates and shorter progression-free survival with HER2-targeted therapy. Precise targeted therapy is needed to improve survival of patients with HER2+/PIK3CA mutant breast cancer.
CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Parneet Cheema, Byoung Chul Cho, Helano Freitas, Mariano Provencio, Yuh Min Chen, Sang-We Kim, Yi-Long Wu, Antonio Passaro, Claudio Martin, Marcello Tiseo, Gee-Chen Chang, Keunchil Park, Benjamin Solomon, Otto Burghuber, Janessa Laskin, Ziping Wang, Sung Yong Lee, Yanping Hu, Johan Vansteenkiste, He-long Zhang, Emer Hanrahan, Thomas Geldart, Rosemary Taylor, Leslie Servidio, Jingyi Li, Filippo de Marinis
Summary: This study reports the final analysis from ASTRIS, the largest real-world study of osimertinib in patients with advanced/metastatic EGFR T790M NSCLC. The results demonstrate the clinical benefit and safety of osimertinib in this patient population.
Article
Oncology
Kyoungmin Lee, In Hae Park, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Min Ji Jeon, Eun Sang Yu, Dae Sik Kim, Chul Won Choi, Ah-reum Lim, Myung Han Hyun, Ju Won Kim, Jwa Hoon Kim, Yoon Ji Choi, Soohyeon Lee, Kyong Hwa Park, Yeul Hong Kim, Jung Yoon Choi, Jung Sun Kim, Se Ryeon Lee, Hwa Jung Sung, Eun Joo Kang
Summary: This study investigated the perception and safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines in cancer patients. The results showed that despite concerns about vaccine-related adverse events and negative effects on cancer treatment, the vaccines were well tolerated by cancer patients, with a safety profile consistent with that of the general population.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sung Eun Song, Ok Hee Woo, Yongwon Cho, Kyu Ran Cho, Kyong Hwa Park, Ju Won Kim
Summary: This study investigated the use of machine learning approaches with breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived multiparametric and radiomic features to predict axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in stage I-II triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. The results showed that radiomic features had good diagnostic performance in predicting ALNM.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jiyun Lee, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Se-Hoon Lee, Seyoung Seo, Sung-Bae Kim, Ji-Won Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Eun Joo Kang, Ju Won Kim, Yoon Ji Choi, Byoung-Yong Shim, Ho-Jung An, Lee Chun Park, Seong Hoon Shin, Jae-Joon Kim, So Yeon Oh, Min Kyoung Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn
Summary: In this study, the combination of docetaxel-PM and trastuzumab-pkrb showed promising antitumor activity with an objective response rate of 69.8%, disease control rate of 93.0%, median progression-free survival of 7.9 months, median duration of response of 6.7 months, and median overall survival of 23.3 months. Treatment-related adverse events were managed with temporary discontinuation, permanent discontinuation, or dose reduction.
Article
Oncology
Cheol-Kyu Park, Hyung-Joo Oh, Young-Chul Kim, Yong-Hyub Kim, Sung-Ja Ahn, Won Gi Jeong, Jeong Yeop Lee, Jae Cheol Lee, Chang Min Choi, Wonjun Ji, Si Yeol Song, Juwhan Choi, Sung Yong Lee, Hakyoung Kim, Shin Yup Lee, Jongmoo Park, Seong Hoon Yoon, Ji Hyeon Joo, In-Jae Oh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of durvalumab consolidation (DC) after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. The results showed that durvalumab could prolong progression-free survival (rwPFS) and overall survival, but could also cause radiation pneumonitis and immune-related adverse events.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Eun Joo Kang, Seok-joo Moon, Kyoungmin Lee, In Hae Park, Jung Sun Kim, Yoon Ji Choi
Summary: Using a nationwide population cohort database, this study found that poor dental health, especially missing teeth, is highly associated with an increased risk of various cancers.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seungmin Kim, Byeong Hyeon Choi, Hyunku Shin, Kihun Kwon, Sung Yong Lee, Hyun Bin Yoon, Hyun Koo Kim, Yeonho Choi
Summary: Protein mutation detection using liquid biopsy can be performed periodically to rapidly detect newly emerging mutations. However, it has low diagnostic accuracy due to the abundance of normal proteins in body fluids. To increase accuracy, plasma exosomes were analyzed using nanoplasmonic spectra and deep learning. Mutated exosomal proteins with subtle structural changes were detected using Raman spectra, and a deep-learning classification algorithm achieved high accuracy in distinguishing patients with EGFR mutations from controls. This technique holds promise for companion diagnostics and treatment monitoring.
Article
Cell Biology
Cheol-Kyu Park, Ha Ra Jun, Hyung-Joo Oh, Ji-Young Lee, Hyun-Ju Cho, Young-Chul Kim, Jeong Eun Lee, Seong Hoon Yoon, Chang Min Choi, Jae Cheol Lee, Sung Yong Lee, Shin Yup Lee, Sung-Min Chun, In-Jae Oh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of blood-based biomarkers, including blood tumor mutation burden (bTMB), to predict atezolizumab efficacy in relapsed and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results suggest that baseline levels and dynamic changes of blood-based biomarkers can predict atezolizumab efficacy in previously treated NSCLC patients.
Article
Oncology
Changhwan Sung, Jinhyeon An, Soohyeon Lee, Jaesoon Park, Kang Seon Lee, Il-Hwan Kim, Ji-Youn Han, Yeon Hee Park, Jee Hyun Kim, Eun Joo Kang, Min Hee Hong, Tae-Yong Kim, Jae Cheol Lee, Jae Lyun Lee, Shinkyo Yoon, Chang-Min Choi, Dae Ho Lee, Changhoon Yoo, Sang-We Kim, Jae Ho Jeong, Seyoung Seo, Sun Young Kim, Sun-Young Kong, Jung Kyoon Choi, Sook Ryun Park
Summary: The study investigates risk factors for immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in cancer patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors. It found that irAE samples had lower contribution of neutrophils and identified a genetic variant in TMEM162 associated with higher B cell counts and suppression of regulatory T cells. Machine learning models were developed for irAE prediction and validated in an independent cohort.
Article
Oncology
Jehun Kim, Tae Won Jang, Chang Min Choi, Mi Hyun Kim, Sung Yong Lee, Cheol Kyu Park, Yoon Soo Chang, Kye Young Lee, Seung Joon Kim, Sei Hoon Yang, Jeong Seon Ryu, Jeong Eun Lee, Shin Yup Lee, Chan Kwon Park, Sang Hoon Lee, Seung Hun Jang, Seong Hoon Yoon
Summary: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors for brain metastases (BMs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and evaluate the treatment outcomes of first-line afatinib in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC and BM in a real-world setting. CNS failure was found to be a poor prognostic factor for time on treatment (TOT) and overall survival (OS), correlated with younger age, poor performance status, higher metastatic number, advanced disease, uncommon EGFR mutations, and baseline liver and/or bone metastases.
TRANSLATIONAL LUNG CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
M. Kim, S. J. Shin, J. L. Lee, W. K. Bae, Y. J. Choi, J. Youk, C. Y. Ock, H. J. Lee, J. H. Byun, S. Kim, H. Song, K. H. Park, B. Keam
Summary: The efficacy and safety of trastuzumab-pkrb in combination with paclitaxel were evaluated in HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients. The study showed promising efficacy and manageable toxicity profiles of this combination treatment in this type of cancer patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sung Eun Song, Kyu Ran Cho, Yongwon Cho, Seung Pil Jung, Kyong-Hwa Park, Ok Hee Woo, Bo Kyoung Seo
Summary: This study assessed the false negative rate of axillary ultrasound (AUS) and the diagnostic performance of breast MRI and a nomogram in clinically T1-2 N0 breast cancer patients. The results showed that AUS had a false negative rate of approximately 20%, but the rate of high nodal burden was low. MRI had low positive predictive value but could reaffirm negative AUS with high negative predictive value.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Eun Jung Lee, Kyoung Jin Lee, Seungpil Jung, Kyong Hwa Park, Serk In Park
Summary: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment. The mechanism of MDSC mobilization from the bone marrow (BM) is still not fully understood. This study investigated the role of PTH1R activation in BM stromal cells in MDSC mobilization. It was found that PTH1R activation led to the release of monocytic (M-) MDSCs from murine BM by promoting binding between M-MDSCs and osteoblasts. The activation of Src family kinase and upregulation of proteases ADAM-17 and MMP7 were also involved in this process.
Article
Oncology
Se Hyun Kim, Seock-Ah Im, Koung Jin Suh, Kyung-Hun Lee, Min Hwan Kim, Joohyuk Sohn, Yeon Hee Park, Ji-Yeon Kim, Jae Ho Jeong, Kyoung Eun Lee, In Sil Choi, Kyong Hwa Park, Hee-Jun Kim, Eun Kyung Cho, So Yeon Park, Milim Kim, Jee Hyun Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab and eribulin combination therapy for metastatic breast cancer in Asian populations. The results showed that this combination therapy had relatively good efficacy and tolerable safety in patients with hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative and triple-negative breast cancer.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)