Article
Oncology
Arun Nandwani, Shalu Rathore, Malabika Datta
Summary: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in regulating cellular processes and maintaining cell function, associated with a range of diseases and potential therapeutic targets. Interaction with chromatin, proteins, or RNA affects cellular proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, and cell death, making them key players in various cancers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katsutoshi Shoda, Yuki Kuwano, Daisuke Ichikawa, Kiyoshi Masuda
Summary: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of closed-loop endogenous non-coding RNAs that have diverse functions, including regulating splicing, transcription, and chromatin modification. They play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis, although their specific functions and dysregulation in cancer are still not fully understood. This review provides an overview of circRNA biogenesis and biology and discusses the advances in using circRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer therapy, with a focus on esophageal cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Zarrilli, Francesca Galuppini, Valentina Angerilli, Giada Munari, Marianna Sabbadin, Vanni Lazzarin, Lorenzo Nicole, Rachele Biancotti, Matteo Fassan
Summary: miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in cell biology, including cancer development. They have been shown to be involved in all phases of esophageal cancer carcinogenesis, making them potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Ling-Juan Chen, Xiang Chen, Xiao-Hua Niu, Xiao-Fei Peng
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths, and novel biomarkers are needed for timely diagnosis and management. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to have important roles in CRC progression and could potentially serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This review summarizes the latest findings on potential lncRNAs as biomarkers in CRC samples, discusses the dysregulated lncRNAs and their molecular mechanisms, and explores the therapeutic implications and challenges for future research. It provides insights on the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CRC.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Maria Teresa Di Martino, Caterina Riillo, Francesca Scionti, Katia Grillone, Nicoletta Polera, Daniele Caracciolo, Mariamena Arbitrio, Pierosandro Tagliaferri, Pierfrancesco Tassone
Summary: Cancer onset and progression are influenced by immune system dysregulation, with noncoding RNAs playing a role in cancer cell immune escape and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. While immunotherapy holds promise for cancer treatment, efforts are needed to achieve cure for immune-refractory tumors.
Review
Cell Biology
Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili, Hamed Shoorei, Zahra Bahroudi, Mohammad Taheri, Guive Sharifi
Summary: Stem cells and cancer stem cells possess the abilities of self-renewal and differentiation, with molecular pathways like Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog influencing their functions. miRNAs and lncRNAs have been found to regulate the functions of CSCs, particularly in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting Guo, Xiao-Huan Tang, Xiang-Yu Gao, Yuan Zhou, Bo Jin, Zi-Qian Deng, Ying Hu, Xiao-Fang Xing, Zi-Yu Li, Jia-Fu Ji
Summary: This study aimed to develop a non-invasive blood test using an exosome-derived RNA model to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients. Through RNA sequencing, a variety of miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs associated with treatment response were identified and validated in an independent cohort. Furthermore, a panel of 6 exosome-derived RNAs was established to accurately distinguish responders from non-responders to fluorouracil-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Atonu Chakrabortty, Daniel J. J. Patton, Bruce F. F. Smith, Payal Agarwal
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression, with potential implications in both human and canine diseases, including cancer. Altered levels of miRNAs have been observed in many types of cancer, making them potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, miRNA-based therapies have shown promise in clinical settings, providing measurable benefits to patients. Understanding the biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in cancer can also help in developing personalized cancer treatments and overcoming chemotherapy resistance.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, Mohadeseh Fathi, Tianyue Zhai, Mohammad Taheri, Peixin Dong
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a deadly neoplasm with poor prognosis, and recent research has highlighted the impact of lncRNAs on its progression. Some lncRNAs are oncogenic while others act as tumor suppressors in pancreatic cancer. Dysregulated expression of specific lncRNAs may serve as prognostic markers in patients with this aggressive cancer.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Negin Raei, Reza Safaralizadeh, Mohammadali Hesseinpourfeizi, Abbas Yazdanbod, Farhad Pourfarzi, Saeid Latifi-Navid
Summary: Gastrointestinal cancers are commonly affected by dysregulation of lncRNAs through epigenetic alterations, affecting processes such as cell division, migration, invasion, and drug resistance. Multi-drug resistance is a major challenge in chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers, impacting patient prognosis and diagnosis.
Review
Immunology
Xueyin Zhou, Ting Ren, Hongyuan Zan, Chunyan Hua, Xufeng Guo
Summary: Esophageal cancer is the sixth most common cause of cancer death globally, and current conventional therapeutic strategies still have limited efficacy. New immune checkpoint pathways have become a focus of research, but only a small fraction of patients benefit from existing immune checkpoint inhibitors, posing a challenge of immunoresistance.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Samantha M. Perez, Lindsey T. Brinton, Kimberly A. Kelly
Summary: Plectin, a cytolinker and scaffolding protein, has been identified as a potent driver of malignant hallmarks in various human cancers due to its involvement in key cellular activities contributing to tumorigenesis. Targeting plectin and cancer-specific plectin (CSP) presents an attractive opportunity to directly impede carcinogenesis, with recent evidence highlighting the potential of cell-surface mislocalized proteins as novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
Review
Oncology
Amandine Badie, Christian Gaiddon, Georg Mellitzer
Summary: Our understanding of the identity of many cancers has greatly increased in recent years, leading to progress in early detection and treatment options. However, gastric cancer remains poorly treated with low survival rates. The lack of possibilities for early detection and the variations between tumors of gastric cancer patients are major challenges. Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) have been identified to be potentially related to gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of HDACs in gastric cancer development and their potential as early detection markers and targets for new treatment options.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Parisa Vosough, Seyyed Hossein Khatami, Ali Hashemloo, Amir Tajbakhsh, Farzaneh Karimi-Fard, Sina Taghvimi, Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh, Elahe Soltani Fard, Amir Savardashtaki, Ahmad Movahedpour
Summary: Gastrointestinal cancer is a major global health issue and early diagnosis is difficult due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. However, circulating exosomes are showing promise as non-invasive diagnostic tools with limited risks. In particular, exosomal long non-coding RNAs are emerging as potential biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancer. This review provides an overview of the extraction and detection of exosomal lncRNAs, focusing on their role in gastrointestinal cancer.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Liyuan Zhong, Yumin Luo, Junfen Fan
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, and current clinical therapy options are limited. Long non-coding RNAs play critical roles in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and may serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2022)