Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu10010011
Keywords
cross-sectional study; carotenoids; skin color; diet quality
Categories
Funding
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI)
- HMRI [14-30]
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Senior Research Fellowship
- University of Newcastle, Faculty of Health and Medicine Gladys M. Brawn Senior Research Fellowship
- University of Newcastle Gladys M Brawn Career Development Fellowship
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The current study examines associations between the dietary intakes of nutrient-dense foods, measured using brief indices and skin coloration, measured using reflectance spectroscopy in young adults. This is a cross-sectional analysis of 148 young Australian males and females (55% female) aged 18 to 25 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, with responses used to calculate two dietary indices: (i) the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS); and (ii) the Fruit And Vegetable VAriety Score (FAVVA). Skin yellowness was measured at three body locations using reflectance spectroscopy. Associations were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficients, regression analysis, and agreement using weighted kappa (K-w). Significant, moderate correlations were found between skin yellowness and diet index scores for the ARFS ( = 0.30, p < 0.001) and FAVVA score ( = 0.39, p < 0.001). These remained significant after adjustment for confounders (total fat intake, sex, skin lightness) and for agreement based on categorical rankings. Results suggest that measurement of skin coloration by reflectance spectroscopy can be used as an indicator of overall dietary quality and variety in young adults. Further exploration in diverse populations is required.
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