Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 45, Issue 7, Pages 2061-2071Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/eji.201445326
Keywords
IL-1 beta; ILC3; Innate immunity; NK cells; NK-cell development
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Funding
- Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) [10225, 15283, 9962]
- Ricerca Finalizzata [RF-IGG-2008]
- Progetto Ricerca Ateneo, Universit a degli Studi di Genova
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NK cells are innate lymphocytes characterized by the expression of nuclear factor interleukin 3 regulated (NFIL3 or E4BP4), eomesodermin (EOMES) transcription factors (TFs), and by the ability to exert cytolytic activity and release IFN-gamma. In the haploidentical-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) setting, CD34(+) donor derived NK cells play a major role in the control of leukemic relapses. Therefore, it is important to better define cytokines that influence NK-cell differentiation from CD34(+) precursors. We analyzed the effects of IL-1 beta on NK-cell differentiation from umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34(+) cells. While IL-1 beta inhibited CD161(+)CD56(+) cell proliferation, an increased expression of LFA-1, CD94/NKG2A, KIRs, and perforin on CD56(+) cells was detected. In addition, within the CD161(+)CD56(+)IL-1RI(+)LFA-1(-) cell fraction (representing group 3 innate lymphoid cells, ILC3-like cells), a significant increase of EOMES, NKp46, and CD94/NKG2A receptors, cytolytic granules, and IFN-gamma was detected. This increase was paralleled by a decrease of related orphan receptors (ROR gamma t) TF, NKp44 expression, and IL-22 production. These data suggest that IL-1 beta inhibits ILC3- while favoring NK-cell maturation. Since in haplo-HSCT conditioning regimen, infections or residual leukemia cells may induce IL-1 beta production, this may influence the NK/ILC3 development from donor-derived CD34(+) precursors.
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