Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Karuna Ganesh
Summary: Key advances in colorectal cancer research in 2021 include establishing Pembrolizumab as the new standard of care for first-line treatment of MSI-H-dMMR metastatic CRC, identifying distinct multicellular immune modulatory hubs in primary colon tumors, and investigating the impact of high-fat diet on intestinal stem cells and tumorigenesis. These studies have provided novel insights into the CRC immune microenvironment.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae-Jun Jeong, Hyun-Tae Lee, Nahyeon Gu, Yu-Jeong Jang, Seung-Beom Choi, Ui-Beom Park, Sang-Hyung Lee, Yong-Seok Heo
Summary: Immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoint proteins have shown great promise in treating multiple tumors. By revealing the intricate structure of PD-1 in complex with the antibody drug cemiplimab, researchers have gained important insights into the blocking mechanism of PD-1. This information may contribute to the development of more potent anti-PD-1 biologics against cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jia-Jun Li, Jin-Hong Wang, Tian Tian, Jia Liu, Yong-Qiang Zheng, Hai-Yu Mo, Hui Sheng, Yan-Xing Chen, Qi-Nian Wu, Yi Han, Kun Liao, Yi-Qian Pan, Zhao-Lei Zeng, Ze-Xian Liu, Wei Yang, Rui-Hua Xu, Huai-Qiang Ju
Summary: This study identifies the critical role of FGL1 in promoting liver metastases in colorectal cancer and uncovers its regulatory mechanism. Inhibiting the TAM-OTUD1-FGL1 axis can inhibit metastatic tumor progression and synergize with immune checkpoint blockade therapy. High plasma FGL1 levels predict poor outcomes and reduced benefit from immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Luisa Chocarro, Ana Bocanegra, Ester Blanco, Leticia Fernandez-Rubio, Hugo Arasanz, Miriam Echaide, Maider Garnica, Pablo Ramos, Sergio Pineiro-Hermida, Ruth Vera, David Escors, Grazyna Kochan
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized oncology practice, with Lymphocyte-Activation Gene 3 (LAG-3) being a key next-generation immune checkpoint molecule. Clinical trials have shown positive results for LAG-3 targeting molecules. The recent FDA approval of a dual anti-PD-1 and anti-LAG-3 treatment has significantly improved progression-free survival.
Article
Pathology
Justine V. Cohen, Michael Dougan, Leyre Zubiri, Kerry L. Reynolds, Ryan J. Sullivan, Joseph Misdraji
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can elicit durable responses in various malignancies but can also lead to immune-related adverse events. This study aimed to evaluate the inflammation patterns in liver biopsies of patients on ICIs, and found that hepatitic pattern was the most common. Patients with a cholangitic pattern often had competing causes for liver function abnormalities, such as disease progression or concomitant chemotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Hiroki Yukami, Akihito Kawazoe, Yi-Tzu Lin, Shohei Koyama, Shota Fukuoka, Hiroki Hara, Naoki Takahashi, Takashi Kojima, Masako Asayama, Takako Yoshii, Hideaki Bando, Daisuke Kotani, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Yasutoshi Kuboki, Saori Mishima, Masashi Wakabayashi, Takeshi Kuwata, Masahiro Goto, Kazuhide Higuchi, Takayuki Yoshino, Toshihiko Doi, Hiroyoshi Nishikawa, Kohei Shitara
Summary: The combination of anti-PD-1 antibodies with regorafenib or lenvatinib showed promising antitumor activity in advanced gastric cancer, regardless of the presence of liver metastases. Despite a more immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment in liver metastases, the treatment still proved effective.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Quan Jiang, Hao Chen, Zhaoqing Tang, Jie Sun, Yuanyuan Ruan, Fenglin Liu, Yihong Sun
Summary: This study successfully established a signature based on 13 differentially expressed lncRNA pairs, which could predict survival and sensitivity to chemotherapy and immunotherapy in gastric cancer patients. Validation in two cohorts confirmed the practicality and predictive potential of the signature.
Article
Oncology
Vivek Naranbhai, Mathias Viard, Michael Dean, Stefan Groha, David A. Braun, Chris Labaki, Sachet A. Shukla, Yuko Yuki, Parantu Shah, Kevin Chin, Megan Wind-Rotolo, Xinineng Jasmine Mu, Paul B. Robbins, Alexander Gusev, Toni K. Choueiri, James L. Gulley, Mary Carrington
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effect of HLA-A*03 as a biomarker for predicting response to immunotherapy. The results showed that the HLA-A*03 gene was associated with reduced overall survival after immunotherapy and this effect was observed across different types of immunotherapy agents and tumor types.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Tawee Tanvetyanon
Summary: This article reports that neoadjuvant treatment with nivolumab does not impede the feasibility of lung cancer surgery, but some patients had their surgeries canceled due to disease progression after treatment, which is concerning as they could have been cured through surgery.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Toulsie Ramtohul, Axel Cohen, Manuel Rodrigues, Sophie Piperno-Neumann, Luc Cabel, Nathalie Cassoux, Livia Lumbroso-Le Rouic, Denis Malaise, Sophie Gardrat, Gaelle Pierron, Pascale Mariani, Vincent Servois
Summary: This study found that TGR(3m) is an important indicator for predicting the survival of patients with liver metastatic uveal melanoma, while the RECIST-based response assessment is no longer significant in the overall survival analysis. Immunotherapy regimens were associated with higher overall survival in the low TGR(3m) subgroup. TGR(0), disease-free interval, and the sum of target lesions at baseline were predictive factors for low TGR(3m), which can help in making treatment decisions for first-line immunotherapy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francisco Rodriguez, Pablo Caruana, Noa De la Fuente, Pia Espanol, Maria Gamez, Josep Balart, Elisa Llurba, Ramon Rovira, Raul Ruiz, Cristina Martin-Lorente, Jose Luis Corchero, Maria Virtudes Cespedes
Summary: This review provides an overview of nanomedicine for cancer treatment, focusing on the rationale behind their designs and applications. It highlights the tumor microenvironment and tumor disseminate cells as the most attractive and effective strategies for cancer treatments. The perspectives and challenges for nanopharmaceuticals in this field are also discussed.
Article
Pathology
Soomin Ahn, Kyoung-Mee Kim
Summary: This study compared the PD-L1 22C3 and 28-8 PharmDx assays in gastric cancer patients and found a high level of concordance at different CPS cutoffs, suggesting potential interchangeability between the two assays in this context.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Niharika B. Mettu, Fang-Shu Ou, Tyler J. Zemla, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Rimini A. Breakstone, Patrick M. Boland, Oxana Crysler, Christina Wu, Andrew B. Nixon, Emily Bolch, Donna Niedzwiecki, Alicia Elsing, Herbert Hurwitz, Marwan G. Fakih, Tanios Bekaii-Saab
Summary: Cotargeting vascular endothelial growth factor and programmed cell death 1 or programmed cell death ligand 1 may produce anticancer activity in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This study aimed to evaluate the improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) by adding atezolizumab in patients with refractory mCRC and to explore the efficacy in patients with microsatellite-stable (MSS) disease and liver metastasis. The results showed limited clinical benefit of adding atezolizumab to capecitabine and bevacizumab therapy. Patients with MSS and proficient mismatch repair tumors and those without liver metastasis benefited more from the dual inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor and programmed cell death 1 or programmed cell death ligand 1 pathways.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Catherine H. Schein
Summary: Repurposing approved drugs for cancer treatment is a promising strategy to enhance chemotherapy, control side effects, or serve as second-line treatments for resistant tumors. However, lack of understanding of drug mechanisms and issues with patient populations in clinical trials may impact the evaluation of repurposing strategies.
BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Vasiliki A. Nikolaou, Zoe Apalla, Cristina Carrera, Davide Fattore, Pietro Sollena, Julia Riganti, Sonia Segura, Azael Freites-Martinez, Konstantinos Lallas, Maria Concetta Romano, Chrysa Oikonomou, Michela Starace, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Athanassios Kyrgidis, Elizabeth Lazaridou, Priscila Giavedoni, Maria Carmela Annunziata, Ketty Peris, Maria Echeverria, Emilio Lopez-Tujillo, Konstandinos Syrigos, Chryssoula Papageorgiou, Sebastian Podlipnik, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Ana C. Torre, Christina Kemanetzi, Lorena Villa-Crespo, Aimilios Lallas, Alexander J. Stratigos, Vincent Sibaud
Summary: The study demonstrates that ICI-related skin toxicities do not share a single pattern and may depend on several factors, including the specific drug administered and the underlying malignancy. Patients with macular rash, vitiligo, or multiple skin toxicities were more frequently treated with ICIs for melanoma rather than non-small cell lung cancer. The combination of ICI and chemotherapy compared to ICI monotherapy was associated with a lower incidence of psoriatic rash, lichenoid, and eczematous reactions in patients, compared to those with pruritic rash.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
