Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14961
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Funding
- Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0104]
- National Science Foundation [CMMI-1334241, DMR-1451219, CMMI-1434147, DMR-1608938]
- National Science Foundation under MRSEC programme [DMR-1420620]
- US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-07ER15920]
- Carnegie Institution for Science
- Office of Basic Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Department of Energy [DE-SC0012375]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation's EPiQS Initiative [GBMF5307]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-1033]
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1608938] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [1334572] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Materials Research [1608938] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1451219] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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A range of modern applications require large and tunable dielectric, piezoelectric or pyroelectric response of ferroelectrics. Such effects are intimately connected to the nature of polarization and how it responds to externally applied stimuli. Ferroelectric susceptibilities are, in general, strongly temperature dependent, diminishing rapidly as one transitions away from the ferroelectric phase transition (T-C). In turn, researchers seek new routes to manipulate polarization to simultaneously enhance susceptibilities and broaden operational temperature ranges. Here, we demonstrate such a capability by creating composition and strain gradients in Ba1-xSrxTiO3 films which result in spatial polarization gradients as large as 35 mu C cm(-2) across a 150nm thick film. These polarization gradients allow for large dielectric permittivity with low loss (e(r)approximate to 775, tan delta<0.05), negligible temperature-dependence (13% deviation over 500 degrees C) and high-dielectric tunability (greater than 70% across a 300 degrees C range). The role of space charges in stabilizing polarization gradients is also discussed.
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