Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fei Luo, Chao Xing, Sumeet K. Asrani, Shili Li, Guosheng Liang, Helen H. Hobbs, Jonathan C. Cohen
Summary: This study identified a missense variant in the insulin receptor associated with fatty liver disease in a four generation family, but experiments in mice failed to show a causal relationship between this variant and the disease or any impact on hepatic triglyceride metabolism.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gangarao Davuluri, Nicole Welch, Jinendiran Sekar, Mahesha Gangadhariah, Khaled Alsabbagh Alchirazi, Maradumane L. Mohan, Avinash Kumar, Sashi Kant, Samjhana Thapaliya, McKenzie Stine, Megan R. McMullen, Rebecca L. McCullough, George R. Stark, Laura E. Nagy, Sathyamangla V. Naga Prasad, Srinivasan Dasarathy
Summary: Despite the high clinical significance of sarcopenia in alcohol-associated cirrhosis, the mechanisms of ethanol-induced impaired protein homeostasis are poorly understood. This study identified PP2A as a key mediator in ethanol-induced dysregulation of protein balance, suggesting potential therapeutic approaches targeting the PI3K gamma-PP2A axis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jing Li, Linxia Gong, Qiaolan Xu
Summary: The study revealed the important role of P2X7R in the occurrence and development of obesity and dyslipidemia. P2X7R regulates adipogenesis and lipid degradation by modulating the transcription activities of SREBP1.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel Aruldas, Laura Buczek Orenstein, Sade Spencer
Summary: Repeated cocaine exposure induces changes in AMPK and pAMPK in different brain regions and cellular compartments, with some differences between acute withdrawal and ongoing cocaine treatment. Pretreatment with metformin, an indirect AMPK activator, enhances acute cocaine-induced locomotor activity but blocks the development of sensitization. These findings provide insights into the dynamics of AMPK activation in subcellular compartments and support the potential use of metformin for the treatment of cocaine use disorder.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jui-Ting Yang, Yu-Jen Chen, Chao-Wei Huang, Ya-Chin Wang, Harry J. Mersmann, Pei-Hwa Wang, Shih-Torng Ding
Summary: The study demonstrates that DHA negatively regulates the adipogenic TN in both pigs in vivo and in humans/pigs in vitro, potentially through SREBP-1c or FoxO. This down-regulation of TN associated with fibrinolysis and adipogenesis could contribute to the beneficial effects of DHA on alleviating obesity-induced metabolic syndromes.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Xu-Yang Gao, Bu-Hao Deng, Xin-Rui Li, Yu Wang, Jian-Xin Zhang, Xiao-Yan Hao, Jun-Xing Zhao
Summary: The study found that melatonin enhances the formation of sheep brown adipocytes by activating AMPKα1, reducing lamb mortality and economic losses.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yiwei Zhu, Lin Lei, Xinghui Wang, Qianming Jiang, Juan J. Loor, Fanrong Kong, Linfang Chen, Jinxia Li, Chenchen Zhao, Menglin Liu, Guowen Liu, Xinwei Li
Summary: This study aims to investigate the potential role of the INSIG1-SCAP-SREBP-1c axis in the progression of fatty liver in dairy cows. It was found that cows with severe fatty liver had higher levels of β-hydroxybutyrate and free fatty acids and lower level of glucose in their blood. The liver of these cows also exhibited lower abundance of INSIG1 protein and higher abundance of SCAP and SREBP-1c proteins. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that decreased INSIG1 abundance contributed to enhanced SREBP-1c processing and triglyceride synthesis in hepatocytes. Therefore, the INSIG1-SCAP-SREBP-1c axis may serve as a potential target for the treatment of fatty liver in dairy cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Jessica Oh, Elizabeth Garabedian, Ramsay Fuleihan, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
Summary: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome is a combined primary immunodeficiency characterized by various manifestations such as respiratory infections, lymphadenopathy, and developmental delay. Clinical features differ between PIK3CD and PIK3R1 patients, with a higher frequency of asthma observed in the PIK3CD cohort.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Takayoshi Tajima, Hiroaki Hoshii, Yoshinori Kohmura
Summary: This paper describes the research and development of a practical and efficient process for making the AMPK activator ASP4132, which includes efficient telescoping processes and effective removal of byproducts, resulting in a significant yield improvement.
ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shuang-Feng Xu, Zhong-Qiu Pang, Yong-Gang Fan, Yan-Hui Zhang, Yu-Han Meng, Chen-Yang Bai, Meng-Yu Jia, Yan-Hong Chen, Zhan-You Wang, Chuang Guo
Summary: There is growing evidence that circulating lactoferrin (Lf) is involved in peripheral cholesterol metabolism disorders. The distribution of Lf changes in astrocytes of aging brains and those with neurodegenerative diseases, but its role is not yet understood.
Article
Oncology
Jia Hao, Zhen Yang, Jian Li, Lifeng Han, Yi Zhang, Tao Wang
Summary: This study aimed to discover natural AMPK activators through virtual screenings, resulting in the identification of (-)-catechin and licochalcone A as the most potent compounds for AMPK activation.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
T. G. Sahana, Ke Zhang
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal motor neuron degenerative disease with multiple genetic and non-genetic risk factors. Cellular stress plays a significant role in ALS conditions, with the MAPK pathway being implicated in the disease pathogenesis and potential drug targeting.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ting Liu, Xiao-Li Xie, Xue Zhou, Sheng-Xiong Chen, Yi-Jun Wang, Lin-Ping Shi, Shu-Jia Chen, Yong-Juan Wang, Shu-Ling Wang, Jiu-Na Zhang, Shi-Ying Dou, Xiao-Yu Jiang, Ruo-Lin Cui, Hui-Qing Jiang
Summary: YB-1, overexpressed in HCC tissues, enhances sorafenib resistance through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Knockdown of YB-1 can improve the efficacy of sorafenib in vivo. The interaction between YB-1 and key proteins of the PI3K/Akt pathway contributes to sorafenib resistance in HCC.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Han-yu Yang, Ming Liu, Yun Sheng, Liang Zhu, Meng-meng Jin, Tian-xin Jiang, Lu Yang, Pei-hua Liu, Xiao-dong Liu, Li Liu
Summary: The study found that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) worsened diabetes symptoms by impairing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) partly through activating the RXR/SREBP-1c/UCP2 pathway. This highlights the possible role of ATRA in diabetic progression and suggests new strategies for diabetes treatment.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Woonghee Lee, Gwonhwa Song, Hyocheol Bae
Summary: Recent studies have identified obesity as one of the world's most serious chronic disorders. The regulation of adipogenesis through inhibiting adipogenic differentiation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has been selected as a strategy to treat obesity. Fraxetin, a major component extracted from the stem barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, has many bioactivities. The effects of fraxetin on adipogenesis and ROS production involve mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.