Review
Immunology
Arsheena Yassin, Mariya Huralska, Jason M. Pogue, Deepali Dixit, Robert G. Sawyer, Keith S. Kaye
Summary: The prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections has significantly increased in the past decade, leading to higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Treating these infections presents challenges, particularly for critically ill patients with limited margin for error. The availability of new therapies has improved treatment options, but optimal clinical and therapeutic approaches for managing these infections still need to be established.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
M. Cristina Vazquez Guillamet, Christopher Damulira, Andrew Atkinson, Victoria J. Fraser, Scott Micek, Marin H. Kollef
Summary: The combination of aminoglycosides and β-lactams is more effective in reducing the incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli compared to β-lactams alone. This retrospective cohort study analyzed septic patients treated between 2010 and 2017, and found that the addition of aminoglycosides to β-lactams significantly decreased the risk of subsequent infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
G. L. Xia, R. L. Jiang
Summary: The efficacy and safety of polymyxin B in treating CRO infection are influenced by various factors, including early initiation, combination therapy, optimal dosage, and treatment duration. With appropriate use, better clinical efficacy and microbiological responses can be achieved while reducing adverse reactions and drug resistance.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ayan Ali Ragueh, Mohamed Houmed Aboubaker, Sitani Idriss Mohamed, Jean-Marc Rolain, Seydina M. Diene
Summary: This study investigated the resistance rate to carbapenems among multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) in Djibouti and characterized their resistance mechanisms. The results showed that out of 256 isolates, 20 were resistant to carbapenems. Carbapenemase genes such as bla(OXA-48) and bla(NDM-5) were identified in the isolates.
Article
Immunology
Mariana Albano, Wim Alexander Fleischmann, Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance, Robin Patel
Summary: Arbekacin showed inhibitory activity against drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, with similar MIC50 values to amikacin and gentamicin, lower than tobramycin, and higher than plazomicin.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kishna Ram, Salim Sheikh, Rahul Kumar Bhati, Chakra Dhar Tripathi, Jagdish Chander Suri, Girish Gulab Meshram
Summary: Limited data exist regarding the steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of colistin in critically ill patients with MDR-GNB infections. This study aimed to profile these parameters and determine predictors affecting clinical, microbiological, and safety outcomes in this population. The results showed variability in the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters and significant associations with clinical, microbiological, and safety outcomes, with consistency observed in previous studies.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Monirul I. Sajib, Melinda Monteforte, Roderick Go
Summary: Cefiderocol is shown to be possibly associated with lower all-cause mortality than previously thought. The use of dual antibiotics in conjunction with cefiderocol may be advantageous in reducing mortality compared to using cefiderocol alone.
Article
Microbiology
Alecks Megxel S. Abordo, Mark B. Carascal, Roland Remenyi, Doralyn S. Dalisay, Jonel P. Saludes
Summary: In the clinically isolated Gram-negative bacilli in the Philippines, the co-occurrence of multiple β-lactamases, especially ESBL and metallo-β-lactamases, was observed. Through genetic analysis and phenotypic characterization, the presence of multi-class β-lactamases and cryptic metallo-β-lactamases in these resistant bacteria was revealed.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaojuan Zhang, Shaoyan Qi, Xiaoguang Duan, Bing Han, Shuguang Zhang, Shaohua Liu, Haixu Wang, Haibo Zhang, Tongwen Sun
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of polymyxin B in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli infections. The results showed positive clinical outcomes, with a relatively high bacteria eradication rate but also significant mortality at 28 days. Adverse reactions, including nephrotoxicity, were observed in a portion of patients.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Flora Cruz-Lopez, Adrian Martinez-Melendez, Rayo Morfin-Otero, Eduardo Rodriguez-Noriega, Hector J. Maldonado-Garza, Elvira Garza-Gonzalez
Summary: Infections caused by Gram-negative multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial species are difficult to treat due to widespread antibiotic resistance. New antibiotics and combinations with existing drugs have shown potential in treating these infections, but there are reports of resistance to these treatments.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Abdollah Ardebili, Ahdieh Izanloo, Mostafa Rastegar
Summary: The increasing prevalence of infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively-drug resistant (XDR) or difficult-to-treat (DTR) Gram-negative bacilli poses a severe challenge. Polymyxins, such as polymyxin B and colistin, have become a mainstay in clinical practices for treating these infections. However, the effect of polymyxin combination therapy versus monotherapy on treating Gram-negative bacilli-related infections is still unclear.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Alicia Macias-Valcayo, John-Jairo Aguilera-Correa, Antonio Broncano, Raul Parron, Alvaro Aunon, Joaquin Garcia-Canete, Antonio Blanco, Jaime Esteban
Summary: This study analyzed a large number of isolates of Gram-negative bacilli that cause prosthetic joint infection. The study includes biofilm development and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of both planktonic and sessile bacteria. The results obtained support the clinical knowledge about the treatment of these bacteria when biofilms are involved.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Qi Zhang, Shang Chen, Xiaojia Liu, Wenhan Lin, Kui Zhu
Summary: The combination of marine antibiotic equisetin and colistin shows a strong synergistic effect against Gram-negative bacteria, especially multi-drug resistant strains. Colistin promotes the intracellular accumulation of equisetin, leading to quick bacteria killing. Equisetin also restores colistin activity in an infection model, providing an alternative approach to combat Gram-negative pathogens in clinics.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Heba Alhmidi, Jennifer L. Cadnum, Sreelatha Koganti, Annette L. Jencson, Brigid M. Wilson, Curtis J. Donskey
Summary: Limited information is available on the frequency of and risk factors for shedding of health care-associated pathogens in settings outside patient rooms. The study found that environmental shedding of MRSA occurs frequently during appointments outside hospital rooms or during outpatient clinic visits, and the presence of a wound with a positive culture for MRSA was associated with shedding of MRSA during appointments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Min Hao, Yang Yang, Yan Guo, Shi Wu, Fupin Hu, Xiaohua Qin
Summary: Combination therapies with colistin sulfate are recommended for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) infections, as they have better clinical efficacy compared to colistin sulfate monotherapy.