Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Saurabh Sihag, Ali Tajer
Summary: This paper discusses the problem of estimating the structure of similar graphical models in high dimensions. The focus is on Gaussian and Ising models, and the sample complexity of estimating their structures is characterized. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a bounded probability of error are determined. Additionally, a low complexity, online structure estimation algorithm for Ising models is proposed.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Kevin H. Lee, Qian Chen, Wayne S. DeSarbo, Lingzhou Xue
Summary: Researchers introduced finite mixture of ordinal graphical models to study the heterogeneous conditional dependence relationships of ordinal data in psychological science. By developing a penalized likelihood approach and designing a generalized EM algorithm, the significant computational challenges were effectively addressed, demonstrating good performance in simulation studies and real applications.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Victor Bernal, Venustiano Soancatl-Aguilar, Jonas Bulthuis, Victor Guryev, Peter Horvatovich, Marco Grzegorczyk
Summary: This paper investigates the statistical properties of partial correlations obtained using shrinkage methods and proposes a new (parametric) approach to address bias in network analysis. These methods account for the number of variables, sample size, and shrinkage values, and perform better than alternative methods in balancing true positives and false positives. The effectiveness of these methods is demonstrated through simulations and gene expression datasets.
Article
Biology
S. Na, M. Kolar, O. Koyejo
Summary: Differential graphical models seek to represent differences in conditional dependence structures between two groups, with an extended setting considered in this manuscript involving latent variable Gaussian graphical models. The proposed two-stage estimation method decomposes the differential network into sparse and low-rank components, demonstrating superior performance in experiments compared to existing methods.
Article
Mathematics
Claudia Angelini, Daniela De Canditiis, Anna Plaksienko
Summary: In this paper, we propose a joint data estimation method called jewel, using group Lasso penalty and establishing the consistency property of the estimator.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Eftychia Solea, Bing Li
Summary: We present a statistical graphical model for multivariate functional data. By introducing the functional copula Gaussian graphical model, we relax the Gaussian process assumption and maintain the simplicity of the Gaussian dependence structure. We develop multiple estimators and establish the consistency and convergence rates of one of them. Through simulations and real data application, we compare the performance of our model with existing models.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Tianhong Sheng, Bing Li, Eftychia Solea
Summary: We introduce a skewed Gaussian graphical model which is a more flexible extension of the Gaussian graphical model. The conditional independence in the skewed Gaussian distribution is still characterized by the sparseness in the parameters, but with the addition of a shape parameter. We develop an algorithm to efficiently estimate the model and show its superiority in cases where the distributional assumptions are not satisfied.
JOURNAL OF MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Debangan Dey, Abhirup Datta, Sudipto Banerjee
Summary: For multivariate spatial Gaussian process models, traditional specifications of cross-covariance functions do not effectively utilize relational inter-variable graphs to ensure process-level conditional independence between the variables. We propose a new method that uses stitching to construct cross-covariance functions from graphs, ensuring process-level conditional independence between variables.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Jingfei Zhang, Yi Li
Summary: This article proposes a Gaussian graphical regression model to link graph structures to external covariates. In co-expression QTL studies, the method can determine how genetic variants and clinical conditions modulate network structures, and recover gene networks. The utility and efficacy of the method is demonstrated through simulation studies and an application example.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Cody Mazza-Anthony, Bogdan Mazoure, Mark Coates
Summary: This paper introduces two novel estimators based on the OWL norm for estimating sparse structured precision matrices, which can simultaneously identify groups of related edges and control sparsity. The ccGOWL estimator shows good computational efficiency and accuracy in both synthetic data and real-world applications, demonstrating its efficacy in gene network analysis and econometrics.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xianlin Wang, Yuqing Liu, Airong Chen, Xin Ruan
Summary: An auto-tuning ensemble learning-based strategy was proposed for predicting the shear resistance of headed studs. By establishing a large stud database and analyzing the shear mechanisms of the studs, feature extraction and combination were integrated into the models. The superiority of the proposed method was confirmed through comparisons with multiple models and code equations.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Gabor Lugosi, Jakub Truszkowski, Vasiliki Velona, Piotr Zwiernik
Summary: The study introduces a new input model for querying single entries of the covariance matrix to recover the support of the inverse covariance matrix with low query and computational complexities. The algorithms are suitable for recovering the structure of tree-like graphs and graphs of small treewidth more efficiently than computing the empirical covariance matrix for large classes of graphs.
JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Victor Bernal, Rainer Bischoff, Peter Horvatovich, Victor Guryev, Marco Grzegorczyk
Summary: Gaussian graphical models (GGMs) are commonly used in systems biology to reconstruct regulatory networks by overcoming the 'high-dimensional problem' through shrinkage methods. However, the shrinkage introduces a non-linear bias in the partial correlations, impacting their interpretation and hindering network comparability. A proposed method, 'un-shrinking', aims to correct this bias and provide partial correlations closer to actual values for easier interpretation.
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jiali Lin, Inyoung Kim
Summary: This paper proposes a method for learning multiple connected graphs with multilevel variables. It incorporates a hierarchical Bayesian approach to estimate the classes of observations and learn about the network structures. The unique advantages of the method are demonstrated through simulations and a breast cancer application.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Olha Bodnar, Elena Farahbakhsh Touli
Summary: In this paper, several statistical tests on the precision matrix are derived and applied to determine the structure of an undirected Gaussian graph. The exact distributions of the test statistics are obtained under the null hypotheses, while the exact distributions of the random matrices used in constructing the test statistics are deduced under the alternative hypothesis. Additionally, the high-dimensional asymptotic distributions of the test statistics under the null hypothesis are presented. The testing problems related to the structure of an undirected Gaussian graph are discussed in detail, including the precision matrix of an AR(1) process, block-diagonal precision matrix, and the precision of a factor model. The performance of the proposed statistical tests is evaluated through extensive simulation study and compared to a benchmark approach.
JOURNAL OF MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yunju Yang, Maria J. Knol, Ruiqi Wang, Aniket Mishra, Dan Liu, Michelle Luciano, Alexander Teumer, Nicola Armstrong, Joshua C. Bis, Min A. Jhun, Shuo Li, Hieab H. H. Adams, Nasir Ahmad Aziz, Mark E. Bastin, Mathieu Bourgey, Jennifer A. Smith, Stefan Frenzel, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Norbert Hosten, Lifang Hou, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Valerie Lohner, Pascale Marquis, Susana Munoz Maniega, Claudia L. Satizabal, Farzaneh A. Sorond, Maria C. Valdes Hernandez, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Meike W. Vernooij, Katharina Wittfeld, Qiong Yang, Wei Zhao, Eric Boerwinkle, Daniel Levy, Ian J. Deary, Jiyang Jiang, Karen A. Mather, Thomas H. Mosley, Bruce M. Psaty, Perminder S. Sachdev, Jennifer A. Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, Charles S. DeCarli, Monique M. B. Breteler, M. Arfan Ikram, Hans J. Grabe, Joanna Wardlaw, W. T. Longstreth, Lenore J. Launer, Sudha Seshadri, Stephanie Debette, Myriam Fornage
Summary: This study investigates the association between epigenetic changes and white matter hyperintensities in adults. The findings suggest that blood-brain barrier dysfunction and the immune response are related to white matter hyperintensity burden, and antihyperlipidemic agents might be a potential treatment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ce Liu, Bin Luo, Bo Wang, Li He, Huanmei Wu, Lifang Hou, Kai Zhang
Summary: With climate change, the burden of cardiovascular diseases attributed to high temperatures is continuously increasing, especially in tropical regions and regions with lower socio-demographic levels. The burden of CVD attributed to low temperatures and non-optimal temperatures is decreasing.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Yan Chen, Yucen Bai, Xiaolu Hu, Xiaofei Yang, Shaogang Xu, Bo Cheng
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of gill remodeling in early life stages of fish due to predicted increases in carbon dioxide (CO2). The findings suggest that high CO2 exposure disrupts cellular redox homeostasis in the gill and triggers stress responses to mitigate oxidative stress and prevent protein aggregation.
ICHTHYOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiaobao Gong, Zhenwei Gui, Xiaoli Ye, Xuegang Li
Summary: This study discovered that jatrorrhizine, an active constituent of Rhizoma Coptidis, significantly improved diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The findings showed that jatrorrhizine treatment reduced the sensitivity threshold for thermal and mechanical stimuli and increased nerve conduction velocity. Moreover, jatrorrhizine increased the number of nerve fibers and axons, myelin thickness, and axonal diameters. The study also revealed that jatrorrhizine enhanced Schwann cells' myelination by regulating the NRG1-ErbB2-PI3K-AKT pathway.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuerong Yan, Xiaoyi Wang, Hongshi Wu, Caixia Chen, Xiaohui Li, Rongxue Yang, Feng Li, Li Yan, Muchao Mu, Mingtong Xu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between sleep status and thyroid nodules. The results showed that individuals who slept less than 5 hours per night had a significantly higher percentage of thyroid nodules compared to those who slept 5-8 hours or more than 8 hours per night. Therefore, screening for thyroid nodules is recommended in this population.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Cuicui Wang, Dawn L. DeMeo, Eric S. Kim, Andres Cardenas, Kelvin C. Fong, Lewina O. Lee, Avron Spiro, Eric A. Whitsel, Steve Horvath, Lifang Hou, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Yun Li, James D. Stewart, JoAnn E. Manson, Francine Grodstein, Laura D. Kubzansky, Joel D. Schwartz
Summary: Optimism is associated with reduced mortality and lower risk of age-related chronic diseases. DNA methylation provides insight into mechanisms underlying these relationships. Cross-sectional data from two population-based cohorts of women and men revealed that optimism is associated with epigenome-wide leukocyte DNA methylation, providing new insights into the possible mechanisms underlying optimism and health.
PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaxiang Zhang, Rui Xing, Yunjia Ding, Jingjin Yu, Ruying Wang, Xiaohui Li, Zhimin Yang, Lili Zhuang
Summary: This study identified FaGA2ox4 as a gene with the highest expression level in tall fescue under drought stress. Transgenic rice plants overexpressing FaGA2ox4 exhibited a dwarf and high-tillering phenotype, and also showed improved drought stress tolerance.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cuicui Wang, Zongli Xu, Xinye Qiu, Yaguang Wei, Adjani A. Peralta, Mahdieh Danesh Yazdi, Tingfan Jin, Wenyuan Li, Allan Just, Jonathan Heiss, Lifang Hou, Yinan Zheng, Brent A. Coull, Anna Kosheleva, David Sparrow, Chitra Amarasiriwardena, Robert O. Wright, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Joel D. Schwartz
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between toenail metals and adverse health outcomes, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease, in elderly men. The researchers analyzed DNA methylation and found significant associations with metal mixtures and CpG sites related to cancer and cardiovascular disease.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Mingqin Zhao, Jingyi Hu, Xiaoming Ji, Lu Han, Mengxiao Li, Miao Lai
Summary: A transition-metal and ligand free base-mediated radical condensation reaction to form N-substituted pyrrolyl ketones with water as a side product has been developed. The reaction tolerates a wide range of N-substituted acetylpyrroles and alcohols. The key intermediate is proposed to be the radical anion of the benzylic alcohol, which undergoes coupling with the enolate of the acetylpyrrole to form the new C-C bond. The corresponding pyrrolyl chalcones are obtained by elimination, and the enone intermediate is reduced to afford N-substituted pyrrolyl ketones.
JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yinsheng Xie, Dawen Liu, Haijun Pan, Wangping Wu, Xiaoyan Li, Yi Zhang, Peng Jiang
Summary: The effect of different roll speed ratios on microstructures and mechanical properties of V-Ti-Ni alloys was investigated through experiments of asynchronous rolling. The results show that the roll speed ratios have a significant influence on the reduction rates and hardness of the alloys, and can also lead to the formation of fiber structures. The rolled microstructures of the alloys exhibit irregular deformation.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shuwen Han, Yangyanqiu Wang, Jian Chu, Boyang Hu, Gong Gong, Jing Zhuang
Summary: This study found that sodium butyrate (NaB) is a metabolite that affects the efficacy of oxaliplatin (OXA). NaB and OXA can synergistically inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells and promote cell apoptosis. This suggests that NaB has the potential to become a new clinical adjuvant in colorectal cancer chemotherapy.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Linqing Zhao, Xiaoyan Dong, Ling Cao, Yongmei Jiang, Hong Zhang, Ran Mo, Hanmin Liu
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of Acaruiter Respiratory Panel (fluorescent PCR) in detecting respiratory tract infection pathogens in children. The results showed that it has good consistency, high accuracy, and high positive and negative agreement percentages.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaohui Li, Xiaodong Li, Quanhu Sun, Jianjiang He, Ze Yang, Jinchong Xiao, Changshui Huang
Summary: Graphdiyne (GDY) is a two-dimensional material with various morphologies and structures, exhibiting excellent electronic, chemical, magnetic, and mechanical properties, making it suitable for applications in energy storage, catalysis, and field emission. By replacing hexaethylbenzene, different GDY derivatives with specific structures and controllable sizes can be synthesized.
ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Qiurong Wei, Zeli Chen, Yehuan Tang, Weicui Chen, Liming Zhong, Liting Mao, Shaowei Hu, Yuankui Wu, Kan Deng, Wei Yang, Xian Liu
Summary: This study developed a machine learning model to predict the pathological complete response (pCR) in rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and compared the performance of different classifiers. The results showed that the random forest algorithm performed well in predicting pCR.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaoli Ye, Yuxia Guo, Peng Wang, Yonghui Zhao, Wenshuo Xie, Guorui Feng
Summary: This study investigates the effect of barium hydroxide on the performance of cemented gangue backfill material (CGBM) in acid mine water with sulfate ions. The results show that adding barium hydroxide promotes the formation of barium sulfate precipitation and inhibits corrosion products, delaying the progress of corrosion reactions and improving the performance of the CGBM specimens.
JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS
(2023)
