Article
Food Science & Technology
Maria Emilia Brassesco, Teresa R. S. Brandao, Cristina L. M. Silva, Manuela Pintado
Summary: Carob fruit and its derived products contain bioactive compounds that can help prevent health issues such as diabetes, heart diseases, and gastrointestinal disorders, making them potential functional food ingredients.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marko Nemet, Milica Vasilic, Ana Tomas
Summary: Carob pulp has been recognized as an effective natural product for the treatment of dyslipidemia due to its beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. Its main components, polyphenols and insoluble fiber, have been found to lower lipid levels and potentially affect the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and adipose tissue. Additionally, carob products exhibit antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and vascular-protective activity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gregoria Gregoriou, Christiana M. Neophytou, Alexandru Vasincu, Yiota Gregoriou, Haria Hadjipakkou, Eftychia Pinakoulaki, Marios C. Christodoulou, Georgia D. Ioannou, Ioannis J. Stavrou, Atalanti Christou, Constantina P. Kapnissi-Christodoulou, Siegfried Aigner, Hermann Stuppner, Antonis Kakas, Andreas I. Constantinou
Summary: The study explored the anti-cancer properties of Cypriot carobs for the first time, finding that the extracts' anti-proliferative capacity varied with carob maturity and extraction solvent. Specifically, extracts from ripe whole fruit with high Myricetin content showed specific activity against cancer cells.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gahad Sallah Saeed Eldeeb, Sameh Hassan Mosilhey
Summary: The study investigated the impact of roasting temperatures on carob pods powder, showing significant changes in chemical composition and sensory properties. Roasting at 120 and 150 degrees Celsius resulted in the best taste and overall acceptability.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wael Sobhy Darwish, Abada El Sayed Khadr, Maher Abd El Naby Kamel, Mabrouk A. Abd Eldaim, Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed, Hamed Mohamed Abdel-Bary, Sami Ullah, Doaa Ahmed Ghareeb
Summary: Carob pods are potentially nutritive and medicinal, with the extract exhibiting strong antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and antimicrobial properties. It also protects erythrocytes from hemolysis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Valeria Cavallaro, Carmelo Maucieri, Cristina Patane, Giancarlo Fascella, Alessandra Pellegrino, Antonio C. Barbera
Summary: Carob is an important part of Mediterranean vegetation and is being revalued for sustainable agriculture in dryland areas. This study found that treatments with sulphuric acid and soaking in 90 degrees C water were effective in promoting germination of carob seeds. The release of polyphenols from the seed coat may also play a role in dormancy in this species. Further research could focus on identifying the specific polyphenols involved and developing easier seed treatments.
ACTA PHYSIOLOGIAE PLANTARUM
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zakaria Tagnamas, Mounir Kouhila, Younes Bahammou, Hamza Lamsyehe, Haytem Moussaoui, Ali Idlimam, Abdelkader Lamharrar
Summary: The study investigated the solar drying of carob seeds using a convective solar dryer, finding that increasing drying temperature reduces drying time. The Verna mathematical model was found to be the most accurate for representing the drying curves of carob seeds, and the diffusion coefficient increases with drying temperature. An energy efficiency analysis showed that the convective dryer had a range of 2.6-4.2% energy efficiency.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
S. Rodriguez, J. Rocha, M. Fernandes, A. P. Ravishankar, N. Steinbrueck, R. Cruz, E. Bacelar, G. Kickelbick, S. Anand, A. L. Crespi, S. Casal, V de Zea Bermudez
Summary: This study investigates the surface structure of the Ceratonia siliqua leaflet, which has a sophisticated light and water management system. The surface reflects solar radiation diffusely to lower the surface temperature and keep it dry. This natural strategy inspires the development of dual-functional material systems for applications such as antiglare and water-repelling coatings.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Michaela Fruhbauerova, Libor Cervenka, Tomas Hajek, Miloslav Pouzar, Jiri Palarcik
Summary: This study compared the antioxidant properties and phenolic content of carob pod powder prepared by different grinding methods. The results showed that vibratory grinding improved the bioaccessibility of phenolic constituents in carob powder.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nikola Martic, Jana Zahorec, Nebojsa Stilinovic, Bojana Andrejic-Visnjic, Branimir Pavlic, Nebojsa Kladar, Dragana Soronja-Simovic, Zita Seres, Miodrag Vujcic, Olga Horvat, Aleksandar Raskovic
Summary: The antioxidant capacity and hepatoprotective effect of carob pulp flour were examined. Optimal process parameters for maximizing total antioxidant activity were determined. In vivo experiments in mice demonstrated that carob extract attenuated liver injury and prevented oxidative stress induced by harmful substances.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Snjezana Bolaric, Ivna Dragojevic Mueller, Ales Vokurka, Dubravka Vitali Cepo, Mirko Ruscic, Sinisa Srecec, Dario Kremer
Summary: Analysis of morphological and AFLP variability of carob tree populations in southern Croatian Adriatic revealed high molecular and morphological variability. Genetic data clustered populations into three groups, while morphological traits grouped them into five. Significant correlation between morphological and genetic data was observed.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hassan Azaizeh, Hiba Nazmi Abu Tayeh, Roland Schneider, Joachim Venus
Summary: This study investigated the production of lactic acid using carob biomass bagasse, demonstrating the industrial feasibility of the fermentation process. The downstream process achieved high purity of lactic acid, making it suitable for various industrial applications.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Siwar Ben Ayache, Filipa S. Reis, Maria Ines Dias, Carla Pereira, Jasmina Glamoclija, Marina Sokovic, Emna Behija Saafi, Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira, Lillian Barros, Lotfi Achour
Summary: This study conducted a chemical characterization of carob seeds, identifying them as a rich source of tocopherols, organic acids, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Carob seeds have potential beyond being used for E410, they can also serve as a food preservative.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aleksandar Raskovic, Nikola Martic, Ana Tomas, Bojana Andrejic-Visnjic, Milana Bosanac, Marko Atanaskovic, Marko Nemet, Radmila Popovic, Marko Krstic, Sasa Vukmirovic, Nebojsa Stilinovic
Summary: Carob pulp alone or in combination with simvastatin can alleviate dyslipidemia and obesity symptoms in rats fed a high-fat diet, and also has a hepatoprotective effect.
Review
Plant Sciences
Widad Dahmani, Nabia Elaouni, Abdelhadi Abousalim, Zachee Louis Evariste Akissi, Abdelkhaleq Legssyer, Abderrahim Ziyyat, Sevser Sahpaz
Summary: The carob tree is a versatile plant recognized for its ecological and industrial significance. It contains various compounds that exhibit activities such as antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antidepressant, and anti-obesity effects.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cedric Rebe, Francois Ghiringhelli, Carmen Garrido
Summary: This study analyzes the mechanism involved in the hyperthermia-mediated heat shock factors/heat shock proteins70 pathway, which may provide a new treatment approach for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Antoine Bernard, Christophe Hibos, Corentin Richard, Etienne Viltard, Sandy Chevrier, Sophie Lemoine, Josephine Melin, Etienne Humblin, Romain Mary, Theo Accogli, Fanny Chalmin, Melanie Bruchard, Paul Peixoto, Eric Hervouet, Lionel Apetoh, Francois Ghiringhelli, Frederique Vegran, Romain Boidot
Summary: The tumor microenvironment (TME) influences immune cell activity by increasing alternative splicing events, leading to the expression of IRF1 Delta 7 in Th1 cells and subsequently decreasing IFN gamma secretion. Inhibiting the expression of IRF1 Delta 7 could enhance Th1 antitumor responses.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Isis Benoit-Lizon, Lionel Apetoh
Summary: CD4 T cell effector subsets have a significant impact on cancer progression and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. T(H)9 cells have shown superior antimelanoma activity, but further research is needed to understand their mechanisms and potential in treating other types of cancer.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Emeric Limagne, Lisa Nuttin, Marion Thibaudin, Elise Jacquin, Romain Aucagne, Marjorie Bon, Solene Revy, Robby Barnestein, Elise Ballot, Caroline Truntzer, Valentin Derangere, Jean-David Fumet, Charlene Latour, Cedric Rebe, Pierre-Simon Bellaye, Coureche-Guillaume Kaderbhai, Aodrenn Spill, Bertrand Collin, Mary B. Callanan, Aurelie Lagrange, Laure Favier, Bruno Coudert, Laurent Arnould, Sylvain Ladoire, Bertrand Routy, Philippe Joubert, Francois Ghiringhelli
Summary: Chemotherapy combined with MEK inhibitor enhances the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to immune checkpoint inhibitors by inducing CXCL10 expression and CD8(+) T cell recruitment. The study also highlights the role of TLR9- and OPTN-dependent mitophagy in enhancing the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy.
Article
Immunology
Melanie Bruchard, Mannon Geindreau, Anais Perrichet, Caroline Truntzer, Elise Ballot, Romain Boidot, Cindy Racoeur, Emilie Barsac, Fanny Chalmin, Christophe Hibos, Thomas Baranek, Christophe Paget, Bernhard Ryffel, Cedric Rebe, Catherine Paul, Frederique Vegran, Francois Ghiringhelli
Summary: This study reveals the essential function of type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) in recruiting T cells to the tumor microenvironment and enhancing antitumor immune responses.
Article
Oncology
Isis Benoit-Lizon, Elise Jacquin, Thaiz Rivera Vargas, Corentin Richard, Aurelie Roussey, Ludivine Dal Zuffo, Tiffany Martin, Andrea Melis, Daria Vinokurova, Sayyed Hamed Shahoei, Alvaro Baeza Garcia, Cassandre Pignol, Stephane Giorgiutti, Raphael Carapito, Romain Boidot, Frederique Vegran, Richard A. Flavell, Bernhard Ryffel, Eric R. Nelson, Pauline Soulas-Sprauel, Toby Lawrence, Lionel Apetoh
Summary: Activation of STING signaling enhances the differentiation and antitumor functions of T(H)1 and T(H)9 cells by increasing their production of IFN-gamma and interleukin-9, respectively. IRF3 and IFNARs are required for the enhancement of T(H)1 cell differentiation, while mTOR signaling is implicated in T(H)9 cell differentiation in response to STING activation. STING activation boosts the antitumor activity of T(H)1 and T(H)9 cells through their cytokine production, and enhances the efficacy of T(H)9 cells in adoptive transfer against melanoma.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Pauline Chenuet, Quentin Marquant, Louis Fauconnier, Ali Youness, Manon Mellier, Tiffany Marchiol, Nathalie Rouxel, Yasmine Messaoud-Nacer, Isabelle Maillet, Aurelie Ledru, Valerie F. J. Quesniaux, Bernhard Ryffel, William Horsnell, Frederique Vegran, Lionel Apetoh, Dieudonnee Togbe
Summary: This study identifies NLRP6 as a negative regulator of type 2 immune responses, highlighting its importance in preventing lung inflammation.
Article
Oncology
Romain Mary, Fanny Chalmin, Theo Accogli, Melanie Bruchard, Christophe Hibos, Josephine Melin, Caroline Truntzer, Emeric Limagne, Valentin Derangere, Marion Thibaudin, Etienne Humblin, Romain Boidot, Sandy Chevrier, Laurent Arnould, Corentin Richard, Quentin Klopfenstein, Antoine Bernard, Yoshihiro Urade, James A. Harker, Lionel Apetoh, Francois Ghiringhelli, Frederique Vegran
Summary: The interaction between T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and Th2 cells through PGD(2) promotes tumor growth, indicating the significant role of Tfh/Th2 cell crosstalk in tumor progression.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Trinh-Le-Vi Kieu, Lea Pierre, Valentin Derangere, Sabrina Perrey, Caroline Truntzer, Antoine Jalil, Sebastien Causse, Emma Groetz, Adelie Dumont, Laura Guyard, Laurent Arnould, Jean-Paul Pais de Barros, Lionel Apetoh, Cedric Rebe, Emeric Limagne, Tony Jourdan, Laurent Demizieux, David Masson, Charles Thomas, Francois Ghiringhelli, Mickael Rialland
Summary: Metastatic breast cancer cannot be cured. Elovl5, a protein involved in fatty acid metabolism, is found to be downregulated in breast cancer tumors compared to normal breast tissues. Low expression of Elovl5 is associated with worse prognosis in ER+ breast cancer patients, especially those with lymph node metastases. Decreased Elovl5 expression limits breast cancer cell proliferation but promotes EMT, cell invasion, and lung metastases in murine breast cancer models. The loss of Elovl5 expression induces upregulation of TGF-beta receptors via lipid droplet accumulation, leading to increased cell invasion and lung metastasis. Inhibition of TGF-beta receptors restores proliferation and reduces invasion in low Elovl5 expressing cancer cells. Inhibition of lipid droplet formation reverses the effects triggered by Elovl5 knockdown. Elovl5 is identified as a predictive biomarker for metastatic ER+ breast cancer.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wafaa Tehami, Abdelhafid Nani, Naim A. Khan, Aziz Hichami
Summary: Colorectal cancer is the second most deadly cancer in the world, and diet plays a significant role in its prevention. Polyphenols, especially p-Coumaric acid, have been gaining attention for their potential anticancer effects. This review provides an overview of p-Coumaric acid's bioavailability and its mechanisms of action against colorectal cancer, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle blockade, and impact on clonogenicity and multidrug resistance.
Review
Cell Biology
Nicolas Roussot, Francois Ghiringhelli, Cedric Rebe
Summary: The success of anticancer treatments depends on the ability of dying cancer cells under chemotherapy or physical stress to activate immune cells and stimulate an antitumor response. This can be achieved through the release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and the recruitment of CD8 T cells. However, the effectiveness of immune checkpoint blockers in reversing T-cell exhaustion is dependent on the recruitment of CD8 T cells within the tumor. Chemokines play a crucial role in CD8 T-cell recruitment. This review aims to explore the role of chemokines released during immunogenic cell death (ICD) in CD8 T-cell recruitment and antitumor response, as well as their potential clinical applications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daria Vinokurova, Lionel Apetoh
Summary: PD-1 blockade rescues failing anticancer immune responses and IL-9 plays an important role in the efficacy of this therapy in both mice and humans. IL-9 can synergize with anti-PD-1 therapy in eliciting anticancer responses. Host factors such as the microbiota and TGF beta in the tumor microenvironment also contribute to the regulation of IL-9 secretion and anti-PD-1 treatment efficacy.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Abdelhafid Nani, Wafaa Tehami
Summary: Obesity, pancreatitis, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and liver diseases are associated with the Western lifestyle, characterized by unhealthy food consumption and lack of physical activity. Inflammasomes, which mediate inflammatory pathways, are affected by dietary habits, but dietary polyphenols can effectively regulate their dysfunction. Flavonoid and non-flavonoid polyphenols maintain intestinal balance, inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, and restore redox status through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, resulting in decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Fabian Richter, Christophe Paget, Lionel Apetoh
Summary: Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is effective in treating hematopoietic cancers but not solid tumors. The activation of the STING signaling pathway has been shown to enhance the anticancer efficacy of ACT by triggering dendritic cell activation and immune responses, preventing tumor escape, and improving T cell function in the tumor microenvironment.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
L. Apetoh
Summary: The use of immune check-point inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy has led to significant achievements, demonstrating the potential of immune cells in fighting cancer. However, many patients do not respond to this treatment, highlighting the need for alternative immunotherapy strategies. The STING protein, known for its role in antiviral defense, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in oncology and is currently being investigated in clinical trials. While the activation of STING in dendritic cells triggers immune responses, its impact on T cell function remains unclear. This review explores the molecular mechanisms of STING activation in T cells and its implications for the development of cancer immunotherapy strategies.
BULLETIN DE L ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE
(2022)
