Article
Optics
Jianyang Shi, Zengyi Xu, Wenqing Niu, Dong Li, Xiaoming Wu, Ziwei Li, Junwen Zhang, Chao Shen, Guangxu Wang, Xiaolan Wang, Jianli Zhang, Fengyi Jiang, Shaohua Yu, Nan Chi
Summary: This paper proposes and fabricates a vertical-structure micro-LED-based photodetector on a Si substrate for visible light communication (VLC) in 6G. The photoelectrical performance and communication performance of three different sizes of the photodetector are compared. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed photodetector can achieve a data rate of over 10 Gbps using specific modulation and pre-equalization algorithms.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shihao Liang, Guobin Wang, Tao Tao, Feifan Xu, Kai Chen, Ting Zhi, Zhifang Zhu, Wenjuan Chen, Yong Li, Ke Xu, Bin Liu, Rong Zhang
Summary: In this study, the modulation bandwidth and optical performance of GaN-based micro light-emitting diode (LED) were investigated. The parallel micro-LED array demonstrated higher modulation bandwidth, brightness, and stability, making it the preferred mode for micro-LED based visible light communication.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Optics
Jie Zhao, Yu Yin, Rui He, Renfeng Chen, Siyao Zhang, Hao Long, Junxi Wang, Tongbo Wei
Summary: Smaller diameter Micro-LED arrays exhibit higher light output power density. The power density continues to increase with increasing injection current density until it reaches the maximum value. The impact of different wavelengths on the power density varies in Micro-LEDs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miaoxia Liu, Gerardo Salinas, Jing Yu, Antoine Cornet, Haidong Li, Alexander Kuhn, Neso Sojic
Summary: Multimodal imaging is a powerful approach that integrates multiple optical modalities in a single device, with potential applications in various fields. In this study, we developed wireless multimodal light-emitting chemical systems by coupling two light sources based on different physical principles. The results provide a novel alternative for designing autonomous hybrid systems with multimodal and multicolor optical readouts for complex bio-chemical systems.
Article
Physics, Applied
Wai Yuen Fu, Hoi Wai Choi
Summary: A light-emitting bipolar transistor (LEBJT) has been developed by utilizing the existing LED structure to construct a PNP bipolar junction transistor, eliminating the need for customized structures or epitaxial regrowth. Two designs of GaN LEBJT were demonstrated, with one featuring a larger emitter area for electronic-optical signal conversion and another with a reduced emitter area for increased current gain.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wen Chen, Meixin Feng, Yongjun Tang, Jian Wang, Jianxun Liu, Qian Sun, Xumin Gao, Yongjin Wang, Hui Yang
Summary: GaN-on-Si resonant-cavity light-emitting diodes (RCLEDs) were successfully fabricated through wafer bonding and Si substrate removal. The double-sided dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors formed a high-quality optical resonant cavity, showing good spectral characteristics. High data transmission rates and low-cost emitters make them advantageous for future visible light communications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chang Liu, Yanghua Lu, Xutao Yu, Runjiang Shen, Zhemin Wu, Zunshan Yang, Yanfei Yan, Lixuan Feng, Shisheng Lin
Summary: In this work, the design of a Graphene/MoS2 heterostructure resulted in a highly efficient LED with enhanced carrier multiplication and increased light output. The addition of MoS2 increased the maximum external quantum efficiency by 61%.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wenqing Niu, Zengyi Xu, Weihuang Xiao, Yu Liu, Fangchen Hu, Guangxu Wang, Jianli Zhang, Zhixue He, Shaohua Yu, Jianyang Shi, Nan Chi
Summary: This paper introduces a VLC system based on LEDs, which can provide both illumination and wireless communication simultaneously. By utilizing specific LEDs and a precoding scheme, the experimental results show that the system has good interference cancellation performance and high data transmission rate.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Keith Behrman, Ioannis Kymissis
Summary: Micro light-emitting diodes (microLEDs) are an emerging display technology with advantages in brightness, color, pixel size, and lifetime. They can be used to create novel display applications and have the potential to become the next prominent display technology in consumer electronics.
NATURE ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Han-Youl Ryu, Geun-Hwan Ryu
Summary: In this study, the small-signal modulation characteristics of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for visible light communication (VLC) applications were theoretically investigated. A comprehensive model for the small-signal frequency bandwidth was developed, and the dependence of the bandwidth on various parameters of the LEDs was analyzed. The results showed that the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) significantly influences the modulation bandwidth of LEDs and suggested the importance of balancing high IQE and fast modulation speed.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yiping Zhang, Shunpeng Lu, Ying Qiu, Jing Wu, Menglong Zhang, Dongxiang Luo
Summary: This work systematically investigates the effect of mesa size-reduction in InGaN/GaN LEDs, finding that size reduction in the x-direction alleviates current crowding while size reduction in the y-direction has a minor impact. Furthermore, a three-micro-walls LED architecture is proposed to improve light extraction and reduce thermal dissipation in micro-LED devices.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Son Phuong Le, Chih-Wei Hsu, Ivan Martinovic, Per-Olof Holtz
Summary: GaN-based pyramidal quantum structures with InGaN nanostructures on top were fabricated with high uniformity and precise interfaces, serving as building blocks for micro-emitters. Interconnected microLEDs on these structures exhibited well-defined electroluminescence in the near-ultraviolet regime with negligible spectral shifts at high currents, showcasing their potential for microLED applications.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dayu Shi, Xun Zhang, Ziqi Liu, Xuanbang Chen, Xiaodong Liu, Jintao Wang, Jian Song, Andrei Vladimirescu
Summary: This article presents a physics-based compact model for gallium nitride multiple quantum well light-emitting diodes (LEDs) tailored for visible light communication (VLC) systems. The model takes into account the internal physical mechanisms and predicts the illumination and communication performance of the LED in VLC systems. The accuracy of the model is validated experimentally in a complete VLC transmission system.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Article
Optics
Sunan Yao, Huaqing Chai, Lei Lei, Zihe Zhu, Guoqiang Li, Wenliang Wang
Summary: This study designs micro-LED arrays with different array numbers for high-speed visible light communication and lighting. The 2 x 2 array micro-LEDs exhibit a high modulation bandwidth of approximately 785 MHz at higher injection current, with a light output power over 7 mW, making them more suitable for visible light communication in free space.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Shunpeng Lu, Yiping Zhang, Ying Qiu, Xiao Liu, Menglong Zhang, Dongxiang Luo
Summary: The study found through simulated experiments that under low voltage conditions, increased temperature led to an increase in carrier concentration, improving the efficiency of the LED; while under high voltage, reduced temperature alleviating thermal droop further increased overall efficiency.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Shenjie Huang, Yichen Li, Cheng Chen, Mohammad Dehghani Soltani, Robert Henderson, Majid Safari, Harald Haas
Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) in optical wireless communication (OWC). SPAD is operated in the Geiger mode and acts as a photon counting receiver, eliminating the need for a transimpedance amplifier. However, SPAD suffers from dead-time-induced nonlinearity. To improve the data rates of SPAD-based OWC systems, optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can be used. This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical analysis of SPAD-based OWC systems using direct-current-biased optical OFDM signaling, considering various factors such as signal clipping, SPAD nonlinearity, and signal-dependent shot noise. The impact of receiver nonlinearity on system performance is investigated through numerical results.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2023)
Correction
Optics
Christopher L. Panuski, Ian Christen, Momchil Minkov, Cole J. Brabec, Sivan Trajtenberg-Mills, Alexander D. Griffiths, Jonathan J. D. McKendry, Gerald L. Leake, Daniel J. Coleman, Cung Tran, Jeffrey St Louis, John Mucci, Cameron Horvath, Jocelyn N. Westwood-Bachman, Stefan F. Preble, Martin D. Dawson, Michael J. Strain, Michael L. Fanto, Dirk R. Englund
Article
Optics
Hanning Mai, Anneliese Jarman, Ahmet T. Erdogan, Conor Treacy, Neil Finlayson, Robert K. Henderson, Simon P. Poland
Summary: We developed a novel line-scanning microscope capable of high-speed TCSPC-based FLIM imaging. The system includes a laser line focus optically connected to a 1024 x 8 SPAD-based line-imaging CMOS with high acquisition rates. The high-speed FLIM platform demonstrated imaging capability in various biological applications.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Natalie Bruce, Francesca Farrell, Enyuan Xie, Mark G. Scullion, Anne-Marie Haughey, Erdan Gu, Martin D. Dawson, Nicolas Laurand
Summary: A fluorescence sensor capable of spatially multiplexed measurements using smartphone detection is introduced. Bioconjugated quantum dots are employed as the fluorescent label and excited by a blue-emitting microLED. The one-dimensional GaN microLED array is butt-coupled to one edge of a glass slide to utilize total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) principles. Bioassays on the glass waveguide's top surface are excited, and the resulting fluorescence is detected using a smartphone. The red, green, and blue channels of the digital image are used to spectrally separate the excitation light from the fluorescence for analysis. Proof-of-principle experiments using a biotin-functionalized glass slide demonstrate the detection of streptavidin conjugated quantum dots down to a concentration of 8 nM.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Graeme E. Johnstone, Johannes Herrnsdorf, Martin D. Dawson, Michael J. Strain
Summary: Challenging imaging applications that require ultra-short exposure times or imaging in photon-starved environments often have extremely low numbers of photons per pixel (<1 photon per pixel). To improve the image quality in such photon-sparse images, post-processing techniques, such as Bayesian retrodiction and bilateral filtering, can be used to estimate the number of photons detected and improve the spatial distributions in single-photon imaging applications. In this study, we demonstrate that at high frame rates (>1 MHz) and low incident photon flux (<1 photon per pixel), image post-processing techniques can provide better grayscale information and spatial fidelity of reconstructed images compared to simple frame averaging, with up to a 3-fold improvement in SSIM.
Article
Optics
Aurora Maccarone, Kristofer Rummond, Aongus Mccarthy, Ulrich K. S. Teinlehner, Julian Achella, Diego A. Guirre G. Arcia, Agata Pawlikowska, Robert A. Lamb, Robert K. Henderson, Stephen Mclaughlin, Yoann Altmann, Gerald S. Buller
Summary: We developed a fully submerged underwater LiDAR transceiver system using single-photon detection technologies. The system utilized a silicon single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detector array and picosecond resolution time-correlated single-photon counting for photon time-of-flight measurement. Real-time three-dimensional imaging was achieved through a joint surface detection and distance estimation algorithm. The system demonstrated high-resolution imaging of stationary and moving targets at depths of 1.8 meters and stand-off distances of up to 5.5 attenuation lengths.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Filip Taneski, Istvan Gyongy, Tarek Al Abbas, Robert K. Henderson
Summary: This paper introduces a guided dToF approach for self-driving vehicles, which utilizes external guidance from other onboard sensors to provide an efficient solid-state lidar solution. It reduces data processing and storage requirements while mitigating multipath reflections.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eleni Margariti, Gemma Quinn, Dimitars Jevtics, Benoit Guilhabert, Martin D. Dawson, Michael J. Strain
Summary: A continuous, single shot roller transfer printing process is introduced for large-scale hybrid integration of semiconductor devices. It demonstrates transfer of a 320 x 240 pixel micro-LED array, with sub-micron relative position accuracy, representing over 75,000 individual devices in one shot. The transfer printing process maintains array geometry, with pixel spatial location error less than 1 & mu;m deviation from the as-designed layout. An automated sub-micron precision metrology system using simple optical microscopy is developed to assess device populations and yield.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2023)
Review
Optics
Robert h. Hadfield, Jonathan Leach, Fiona Fleming, Douglas j. Paul, Chee hing Tan, Jo shien Ng, Robert k. Henderson, Gerald s. Buller
Summary: The development of single-photon detectors with picosecond timing resolution has driven progress in time-correlated single-photon counting applications, including quantum optics, life sciences, and remote sensing. Advanced optoelectronic device architectures offer high-performance single-pixel devices and the ability to scale up to detector arrays, increasing single-photon sensitivity.
Article
Optics
German Mora-Martin, Stirling Scholes, Lice Ruget, Robert Henderson, Jonathan Leach, Istvan Gyongy
Summary: In this paper, a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) is trained using synthetic depth sequences to denoise and upscale (x4) depth data. Experimental results using synthetic and real ToF data demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. With GPU acceleration, the approach achieves processing speeds of >30 frames per second, making it suitable for low-latency imaging.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Benoit Guilhabert, Sean P. Bommer, Nils K. Wessling, Dimitars Jevtics, Jack A. Smith, Zhongyi Xia, Saptarsi Ghosh, Menno Kappers, Ian M. Watson, Rachel A. Oliver, Martin D. Dawson, Michael J. Strain
Summary: Transfer printing technology has been widely used for integrating planar membrane devices on photonic and electronic circuits. This work introduces an advanced transfer print system that allows printing of optical devices in non-planar geometries and enables in-situ optical monitoring. The system demonstrates the printing of micro-resonators coupled to on-chip waveguides, inverted device printing, and the assembly of micro-cavities with semiconductor micro-lenses and nanowire lasers. Non-standard substrates such as optical chip facets and single-mode fibre ends are also successfully printed. The in-situ optical coupling through the transfer printing system enables real-time active alignment of the printed devices.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jonathan J. D. McKendry, Enyuan Xie, Jordan Hill, Hichem Zimi, Johannes Herrnsdorf, Erdan Gu, Robert K. Henderson, Martin D. Dawson
Summary: This article reports a deep ultraviolet AlGaN micro-LED array driven by electronic drivers implemented in CMOS technology. The integrated device allows independent control of each micro-LED and has potential applications in various fields.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jordan Hill, Cheng Chen, Enyuan Xie, Jonathan J. D. Mckendry, Johannes Herrnsdorf, Erdan Gu, Harald Haas, Martin D. Dawson
Summary: We systematically investigate the performance of UV-C LEDs for optical wireless communication, focusing on the device size dependence. Smaller devices exhibit lower optical power but faster modulation speed. The study finds that a 60 μm diameter LED transmitter achieves the highest average SNR and SE, with a data transmission rate of up to 5.53 Gbps.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jack A. Smith, Zhibo Li, Saprtarsi Ghosh, Henry Francis, Gabriele Navickaite, Loyd J. McKnight, Rachel A. Oliver, Martin D. Dawson, Michael J. Strain
Summary: Silicon nitride (Si3N4) is a high-performance material platform for visible wavelength photonic integrated circuits, especially for heterogeneous/hybrid integration of complementary materials. This work characterizes the performance of Si3N4 from LIGENTEC as a base for hybrid integration.
2023 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICALS MEETING SERIES, SUM
(2023)
