4.4 Article

Detection of surface-linked polychlorinated biphenyls using surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy

Journal

VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY
Volume 90, Issue -, Pages 1-6

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.vibspec.2017.02.004

Keywords

Polychlorinated biphenyls; PCB; Toxic molecules; Surface-enhanced Raman scattering; SERS detection; Hot spots; Gold nanopillars

Funding

  1. NAPLAS project, Sapere Aude (The Danish Council for Independent Research)
  2. European Research Council, Proof of Concept grant (THOR project) [713474]
  3. European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [320535-HERMES]
  4. IDUN Center of Excellence - Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF122]
  5. Villum Fonden [9301]
  6. Villum Fonden [00009301] Funding Source: researchfish
  7. European Research Council (ERC) [713474] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)

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We present an improved procedure for analytical detection of toxic polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. A gold-capped silicon nanopillar substrate was utilized to concentrate PCB molecules within an area of high electromagnetic fields through formation of microsized nanopillar clusters, and consequently, so-called hot spots can be formed. In order to improve PCB detection limit, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) compounds were chemically modified with a -SCH3 (PCB77-SCH3) group. Experimental and numerical analysis of vibrational modes showed only minor differences between standard PCB77 and PCB77-SCH3. Consequently, we observe significantly increased SERS signals for -SCH3 modified PCB77 while retaining most vibrational modes that characterize standard PCB77. Results point towards more efficient path for detecting different PCB congeners from real-life samples. We interpret the result as PCB77-SCH3 link to gold surface via sulfur atoms that facilitates accumulation of the modified PCB molecules on the metal surface. For similar SERS experimental conditions most spectral characteristics of PCB77 are identifiable down to concentrations of similar to 10(-5)M while PCB77-SCH3 spectral fingerprint is retained in similar to 10(-8)M range. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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