Article
Food Science & Technology
Daiqi Shang, Hang Zhao, Xuebin Xu, Kannappan Arunachalam, Jiang Chang, Ling Bai, Chunlei Shi
Summary: This study identified the presence of diverse mobile genetic elements in multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium strains, including plasmids and integrons, which play a crucial role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes. Through PCR amplification, conjugation experiments, and gene sequencing, the study clarified the relationship between these elements and their mechanisms of spread in resistant bacteria.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shujuan Chen, Jingxia Fu, Ke Zhao, Shengzhi Yang, Chun Li, Petri Penttinen, Xiaolin Ao, Aiping Liu, Kaidi Hu, Jianlong Li, Yong Yang, Shuliang Liu, Li Bai, Likou Zou
Summary: This study found that Salmonella has high resistance to antimicrobials, especially to sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and benzalkonium chloride. Molecular characterization revealed the existence of nine different gene cassette arrays in class 1 integrons of Salmonella. Importantly, 73.06% of Salmonella carrying integrons also carried the qacEd1-sul1 genes in the 3'CS, which was correlated with disinfectant resistance. The study also demonstrated that disinfectant could induce the expression of qacEd1 gene and increase the resistance to both antibiotics and disinfectants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ikuro Kasuga, Kyoka Nagasawa, Masato Suzuki, Futoshi Kurisu, Hiroaki Furumai
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health concern. This study used high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR) to characterize the pollution profiles of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile gene elements (MGEs) in urban rivers in Tokyo and its surrounding area. The abundance of class 1 integron-integrase gene (intI1) and the array of class 1 integron gene cassettes were also determined. The results showed that effluent discharge from wastewater treatment plants increased the abundance of ARGs and MGEs, and intI1 could be used as a proxy for monitoring these genes in urban rivers.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiamin Hu, Ziyun Li, Ling Li, Yuqing Sun, Lulu Shi, Weiwei Li, Jian Zhang, Yan Wu, Hai Xu, Mingyu Wang
Summary: Recent advances have shown that atmospheric particulate matters carry a significant amount of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and contribute to the transmission of bacterial pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A study conducted on relatively 'clean' air samples demonstrated that antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria are prevalent even in cleaner air conditions. The presence of complex class 1 integrons containing novel antibiotic resistant gene cassette arrays in airborne bacteria suggests the danger of horizontal transfer of AMR in the air.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenwen Zhu, Tong Wang, Yu Zhu, Linlin Xiao, Weiwei Liu, Quhao Wei
Summary: Integrons are important genetic elements in spreading antibiotic resistance genes, and a 2D-PCR technology has been developed to detect three major integrons simultaneously with low detection limits. This rapid, economic, and high-throughput method is suitable for large-scale integron screening and typing in clinical isolates.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Scott W. Mitchell, Robert A. Moran, Liam D. H. Elbourne, Belinda Chapman, Michelle Bull, Gary Muscatello, Nicholas V. Coleman
Summary: There is increasing recognition that addressing the problem of antimicrobial resistance requires a comprehensive one health approach. This means considering not only the perspectives of human medicine, but also the roles of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine and agriculture, as well as the importance of other ecological compartments in the dissemination of ARGs and mobile genetic elements like C1I. Antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria were isolated from different types of horses, and their resistance profiles and genomes were analyzed to gain a better understanding of the impact of domestication and veterinary treatment on antimicrobial resistance.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Chongmei Tian, Jianqin Song, Lingzhi Ren, Delian Huang, Siwei Wang, Liping Fu, Yaping Zhao, Yongfeng Bai, Xueyu Fan, Tianhong Ma, Junjie Ying
Summary: The isolation of a carbapenem-resistant A. johnsonii AYTCM strain from sputum in China in 2018 is reported. The strain co-produced the NDM-1, OXA-58, and PER 1 enzymes, and exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics. Whole-genome sequencing revealed the presence of 11 plasmids, with bla(OXA-58) and bla(PER-1) genes located on the pAYTCM-1 plasmid. The study highlights the importance of early surveillance to prevent the spread of high-risk clones in healthcare settings. Rating: 7
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Edgar Gonzalez-Villalobos, Rosa Maria Ribas-Aparicio, Laura Belmont-Monroy, Gerardo Aparicio-Ozores, H. Angel Manjarrez-Hernandez, Sandra Gavilanes-Parra, Jose Luis Balcazar, Jose Molina-Lopez
Summary: This study found that class 1 integrons are widely distributed among multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Mexico, and they may contribute to the selection of multidrug-resistant strains.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Eliana de los Santos, Magela Lavina, Maria Eloisa Poey
Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a major health concern, with Class 1 integrons (Int1) playing a significant role in contributing to this problem by carrying genes for resistance to synthetic antibiotics like trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. Research on uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains revealed a high prevalence of sulfamethoxazole resistance in strains positive for Int1, suggesting a close relationship between Int1 and resistance to certain antibiotics.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anamaria Babosan, Margaux Gaschet, Anaelle Muggeo, Thomas Jove, David Skurnik, Marie-Cecile Ploy, Christophe de Champs, Fany Reffuveille, Thomas Guillard
Summary: Bacteria within biofilms exposed to sub-MIC concentrations of antibiotics can develop antibiotic resistance. This study shows that sub-MIC levels of aminoglycosides induce the SOS response in E. coli carrying the qnrD gene, leading to genetic rearrangements and increased biofilm formation. The presence of the qnrD-plasmid promotes biofilm production and the acquisition and spread of resistance determinants for other antibiotics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuhong Zhang, Ruirui Liang, Linnan Du
Summary: The study revealed the existence of multi-resistance to both antibiotics and heavy metals in drinking water from four cities in Henan Province, China, posing significant health risks. It was found that the expression of ARGs was higher in well water, and that the expression of ARGs was closely correlated with intI1 and HMRG in both well and tap water samples.
BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jie Ma, Na An, Wanxiang Li, Mi Liu, Shirong Li
Summary: This study investigates the distribution and molecular characteristics of class 1 integrons in Salmonella strains, and finds that class 1 integron-positive strains exhibit significant resistance to multiple antibiotics. Variable regions and high multidrug resistance rates are also observed. Different types of variable region promoters, all relatively weak promoters, are identified in the study.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chao Ye, Dongyi Xu, Jing Chen, Fengqing Hou, Yu Wang, Yuwei Xu, Zheng Zeng, Yuanyi Peng, Dong-Liang Hu, Rendong Fang
Summary: Salmonella is a major cause of human foodborne illnesses, with contaminated pork products being an important source. A study found high antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates from pig farms, with a significant presence of integrons carrying antibiotic resistance cassettes. This highlights the importance of controlling Salmonella and preventing the spread of integrons and resistance genes.
FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ayse Basak Engin, Evren Doruk Engin, Atilla Engin
Summary: The inadequate elimination of micropollutants in wastewater treatment plants leads to an increase in antibiotic resistant bacterial strains, causing serious public health problems. The simultaneous emergence of antibiotic resistance genes and heavy metal resistance genes in the environment creates persistent and selective pressure for co-selection of both genes on environmental microorganisms. The co-localization of these genes on mobile genetic elements allows for the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in aquatic and terrestrial environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Gang Shu, Jianyu Qiu, Yilei Zheng, Lijen Chang, Haohuan Li, Funeng Xu, Wei Zhang, Lizi Yin, Hualin Fu, Qigui Yan, Ting Gan, Juchun Lin
Summary: Salmonella is an important pathogen causing various animal and human infections. The abuse of antimicrobials has led to the emergence of resistant Salmonella, especially ESBL-producing strains, posing challenges to animal industries and public health. This study collected 117 Salmonella isolates from diseased chickens and investigated their antimicrobial resistance patterns, prevalence and co-occurrence of ESBL and virulence genes, and sequence types. The isolates showed different frequencies of resistance to antibiotics, with 41.03% being ESBL-producers. ESBL genes, such as bla(CTX-M-55), bla(OXA-31), bla(CTX-M-65), and bla(TEM-1), were detected. The isolates also carried multiple virulence genes. There were associations between cephalosporin resistance and ESBL genes, as well as between the presence of most virulence genes and ESBL genes. Horizontal transfer of ESBL and virulence genes was observed. The study highlights that Salmonella isolates from chickens are common carriers of ESBLs and multiple virulence genes, and their interaction reinforces the pathogenic potential of Salmonella.