Review
Microbiology
Juliana da Costa Silva, Glaucia de Azevedo Thompson-Souza, Marina Valente Barroso, Josiane Sabbadini Neves, Rodrigo Tinoco Figueiredo
Summary: Fungal infections are a global health problem, with neutrophils and eosinophils playing key roles in controlling fungal infections by releasing extracellular traps (ETs) that exhibit antifungal activities.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carla Cacciotto, Alberto Alberti
Summary: Neutrophils play a crucial role in the immune response against infection, but some microorganisms can evade their attacks. Mycoplasma, a reduced genome bacteria, induces the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), but can digest the DNA scaffold of NETs to escape entrapment and promote infection. This persistence of mycoplasma infection and prolonged NET release are associated with the onset of chronic inflammatory diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Broc Drury, Gareth Hardisty, Robert D. Gray, Gwo-tzer Ho
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a crucial role in inflammatory bowel diseases by acting as a defense mechanism to inhibit pathogens while also potentially exacerbating and perpetuating gut inflammation.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Edgar Ramos-Martinez, Leticia Hernandez-Gonzalez, Ivan Ramos-Martinez, Laura Perez-Campos Mayoral, Georgina Lopez-Cortes, Eduardo Perez-Campos, Gabriel Mayoral Andrade, Maria Teresa Hernandez-Huerta, Marco Jose
Summary: Extracellular DNA traps (ETs) are evolutionarily conserved antimicrobial mechanisms found in protozoa, plants, and animals. By comparing similarities in ETs across different taxa, it is suggested that ETs may have multiple origins. The presence of a mechanism initiating the formation of ETs in multicellular organisms indicates a relationship between multicellularity and the development of ETs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Satoshi Gondaira, Koji Nishi, Jumpei Fujiki, Hidetomo Iwano, Reina Watanabe, Ayako Eguchi, Yuki Hirano, Hidetoshi Higuchi, Hajime Nagahata
Summary: Mycoplasma bovis is a significant worldwide pathogen of cattle, and neutrophils play an important role in the immune response during infection. Stimulation of bovine neutrophils with M. bovis results in increased proinflammatory cytokines and potential induction of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Both live and killed M. bovis induce innate immune responses in neutrophils, with live M. bovis escaping NETs formation.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Salti Talal, Khoury Mona, Awad Karem, Lerenthal Yaniv, Harari-Misgav Reut, Shemesh Ariel, Avraham-Kelbert Moran, Eitam Harel, Salvatore Campisi-Pinto, Abu-Amna Mahmoud, Colodner Raul, Tovbin David, Bar-Sela Gil, Cohen Idan
Summary: In this study, it was found that patients undergoing hemodialysis have impaired neutrophil functionality, leading to increased susceptibility to infections. Targeting NETosis may reduce the occurrence and mortality rate of infections in these patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sonia Aguila, Ascension M. de los Reyes-Garcia, Maria P. Fernandez-Perez, Laura Reguilon-Gallego, Laura Zapata-Martinez, Inmaculada Ruiz-Lorente, Vicente Vicente, Rocio Gonzalez-Conejero, Constantino Martinez
Summary: This article summarizes the formation mechanism and regulatory elements of Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), as well as the role of miRNAs associated with various inflammatory pathologies. miRNAs, as small non-coding RNAs, play important regulatory roles in various pathological processes and may become therapeutic targets for preventing inflammatory diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Jingxuan Xia, Zhiyuan Zhang, Yijin Huang, Yufei Wang, Guangwei Liu
Summary: This article summarizes the formation process of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), their regulatory role in tumor development, and treatment methods based on NETs. NETs have the ability to awaken latent tumor cells and promote their proliferation and development, while also inhibiting tumor growth. These advancements provide a theoretical basis for the development of NET-targeted drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caren Linnemann, Filiz Sahin, Yangmengfan Chen, Karsten Falldorf, Michael Ronniger, Tina Histing, Andreas K. Nussler, Sabrina Ehnert
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 16 Hz extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. The study found that ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce reactive oxygen species and Ca2+-influx in neutrophils, and it reduced the amount of NET release. Therefore, ELF-PEMF exposure can be started immediately after fracture treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Luca Modestino, Leonardo Cristinziano, Marialuisa Trocchia, Annagioia Ventrici, Mariaelena Capone, Gabriele Madonna, Stefania Loffredo, Anne Lise Ferrara, Marilena Romanelli, Ester Simeone, Gilda Varricchi, Francesca Wanda Rossi, Amato de Paulis, Gianni Marone, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Maria Rosaria Galdiero
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and their related mediators in human melanoma. The findings showed that melanoma cell lines produce soluble factors that promote PMN chemotaxis, survival, activation, and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Furthermore, patients with advanced melanoma displayed increased circulating levels of neutrophil-related mediators and NETs. Further investigation is needed to better understand the impact of tumor-educated neutrophils on melanoma cell behavior.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nastaran Rezaei, Matthias Zadory, Samuel Babity, Sylvie Marleau, Davide Brambilla
Summary: Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in human circulation, play a crucial role in innate and adaptive immunity. Dysregulated neutrophil activity contributes to the development of various diseases, making them a potential target for treatment. Additionally, their tropism can be used to deliver therapeutic agents to specific disease sites. This article reviews the nanomedicine approaches to target neutrophils, regulate their function, and utilize their tropism for drug delivery purposes.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Sicilia Rezende Oliveira, Jose Alcides Almeida de Arruda, Ayda Henriques Schneider, Valessa Florindo Carvalho, Caio Cavalcante Machado, Joice Dias Correa, Marcela Faria Moura, Leticia Fernanda Duffles, Flavio Falcao Lima de Souza, Gilda Aparecida Ferreira, Fernando Oliveira Costa, Lucas Guimaraes Abreu, Mario Taba Junior, Sandra Yasuyo Fukada, Rene Donizeti Ribeiro de Oliveira, Paulo Louzada-Junior, Fernando de Queiroz Cunha, Tarcilia Aparecida Silva
Summary: This study reveals a potential link between periodontitis and RA through the involvement of NETs, and periodontal therapy can dramatically affect circulating NET levels.
Review
Immunology
Ya-Jui Lin, Kuo-Chen Wei, Pin-Yuan Chen, Michael Lim, Tsong-Long Hwang
Summary: This review discusses the role and importance of neutrophils in brain cancer, as well as the correlation between neutrophils and prognosis of glioma and brain metastases. It also explores the phenotypes and functions of tumor-associated neutrophils, and the effects of various treatments on neutrophils.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Allison E. Fetz, Marko Z. Radic, Gary L. Bowlin
Summary: The study showed that modulation of IgG adsorption can increase or decrease the release of NETs by neutrophils, indicating a functional link between IgG and NET formation. The release of NETs induced by electrospun biomaterials is largely regulated by IgG adsorption, engagement of Fc gamma RIIIb, and signaling through TAK1.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fei Han, Zi-fan Ding, Xiao-lei Shi, Qing-tian Zhu, Qin-hao Shen, Xing-meng Xu, Jun-xian Zhang, Wei-juan Gong, Wei-ming Xiao, Dan Wang, Wei-wei Chen, Liang-hao Hu, Guo-tao Lu
Summary: The newly discovered myokine irisin can inhibit neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation and protect mice from pancreatic injury. This study further elucidates the protective effect of exercise on acute inflammatory injury.