Journal
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 210, Issue -, Pages 153-161Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.09.011
Keywords
Antiviral; Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase; Interferon; Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; 25-Hydroxycholesterol
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation [31672565, 31230071]
- Ministry of Agriculture [CARS-36]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus of the Arteriviridae family, has become a global health threat for swine. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) is an enzyme that catalyzes oxidation of cholesterol to 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC). The purpose of this study was to explore the antiviral activity of CH25H against PRRSV infection. We found that CH25H was induced by interferon-a and PRRSV in Marc-145 monkey kidney cells. In addition, CH25H and 25HC significantly inhibited PRRSV infection by preventing virus entry. A CH25H mutant that exhibited decreased catalytic activity had an antiviral effect against PRRSV. Treatment with 25HC pre-infection or post-infection significantly inhibited PRRSV infection in primary porcine alveolar macrophages. Our results reveal that CH25H is an interferon stimulated gene and its production of 25HC can be used as a natural antiviral agent to combat PRRSV infection.
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